http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-26 17:00:10 來源:中國自動化學會專家谘詢工作委員會
提要:任何改革都會帶來陣痛,隻要對整體經濟沒有過大的影響,資源稅改革在經濟下行期內推出是最佳時機,切莫瞻前顧後,延誤時機。
資源稅改革不是新話題,也曾幾度呼之欲出。然而根據最新的國務院批準《2009年深化經濟體製改革意見》來看,資源稅改革方案可能再次“暫緩推出”。
迄今為止,中國的資源稅是從量計征的,雖然20多年來也幾經調整,但從一個長時段觀察,從量定額計征顯然不符合資源稅對級差收入進行利潤調節的稅收本質。
過低的稅額、過小的稅種、guoshaodeshuishoudexianxingziyuanshui,yifangmianshiziyuanjidadilangfei,lingyifangmianyeshiziyuanxingchengshidangqiandejingjishehuiheshengtaihuanjingdengfangmianmaodunshifenjizhong。zhezaidaolishangsihuyoudianshuobuguoqu。shijieshangyouziyuandedifangdoushifudedifang,kezaizhongguo,youyou、youmeidedifangquechenglezuiqiongdedifang。zheyuzhongguodeziyuanshuishoujinjincongliangjizhengdebuheliyouguan。gezhongziyuanqiyebaziyuancaizoule,baqianzhuanle,quebahuanjingwuranheyiliudewentiliugeiledangdizhengfuheshehui。
當然,對煤炭企業來說,目前有一個資源補償費,可繳納標準是其銷售收入的3%,其總金額遠遠不能起到補償資源、持續發展的作用。
資源稅改革核心內容是把原來的從量計征改變為從量和從價相結合的計征方式,達到體現資源稀缺程度、增加財政收入的目的。
ziyuanshuicongliangjizhengdezuidabiduanxianxianyuziyuanjiagegaoqizhishi,nashiziyuanqiyedixiaokaicaizuifengkuangdeshike,yeshizuixuziyuanshuigaigezhishi,ranerqueshizuibunengjinxingziyuanshuigaigedeshiji。yinweiziyuanjiagexugaozhijibishitongzhangzhishi,ercishiziyuanqiyeyejiyibagaigehoudeziyuanshuiqingyidizhuanjiageixiayouqiye,congerjinyibujiajutongzhang。jinnianshoujinrongweijiyingxiang,jingjipianleng,ziyuanshuigaigeduizhengtijingjiyingxiangbuda,zhaolishituichuziyuanshuigaigedezuijiashiji,keqingkuangyouyoubianhua。
資源稅改革中最重要的也是最複雜的便是煤炭行業,因為煤炭與發電、鋼鐵、鋁(lv)等(deng)行(xing)業(ye)有(you)著(zhe)密(mi)切(qie)的(de)聯(lian)係(xi)。其(qi)次(ci),煤(mei)炭(tan)資(zi)源(yuan)分(fen)布(bu)廣(guang),涉(she)及(ji)利(li)益(yi)群(qun)體(ti)多(duo),不(bu)像(xiang)石(shi)油(you)天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)隻(zhi)集(ji)中(zhong)在(zai)少(shao)數(shu)幾(ji)個(ge)省(sheng)市(shi),且(qie)都(dou)是(shi)國(guo)有(you)大(da)中(zhong)型(xing)企(qi)業(ye),容(rong)易(yi)協(xie)調(tiao)。可(ke)煤(mei)炭(tan)業(ye)對(dui)現(xian)時(shi)推(tui)出(chu)資(zi)源(yuan)稅(shui)改(gai)革(ge)認(ren)為(wei)不(bu)適(shi)當(dang)。
一些煤炭企業代表抱怨,今年初開始,煤炭增值稅已經從13%的稅率調整為17%,由此造成的成本上升還沒有消化掉。他們認為:“現在煤炭行業的日子已十分困難。而煤炭的下遊企業,比如電力、鋼鐵都在虧損。如果現在進行資源稅改革,必將推高煤炭價格,並傳導至下遊企業使相關電力、鋼鐵企業的經營更加困難。”
difangzhengfuduiziyuanshuigaigedetaiduzeshihenmaodun。liangnianqian,tigaoziyuanshuihaishidifangzhengfuzuiqiangliedeyaoqiuzhiyi。dangshi,zhongguojingjiguoreguokuaizengchang,ziyuanjiagegaozhang,qiyezhuanqujuelirunquebunengweiqipohuaidehuanjingheziyuangeiyubuchang。ruguonengshixingcongjiajizhengdefangshi,ziyuanshuiejiangdafutigao。
但dan轉zhuan眼yan間jian,全quan球qiu的de經jing濟ji都dou處chu在zai下xia行xing過guo程cheng中zhong,地di方fang政zheng府fu既ji想xiang通tong過guo提ti高gao資zi源yuan稅shui增zeng加jia財cai政zheng收shou入ru,緩huan解jie收shou支zhi壓ya力li,又you擔dan心xin因yin此ci導dao致zhi資zi源yuan企qi業ye停ting工gong現xian象xiang加jia劇ju甚shen至zhi影ying響xiang下xia遊you企qi業ye經jing營ying。且qie在zai這zhe次ci國guo家jia經jing濟ji刺ci激ji計ji劃hua中zhong的de4萬億元投資計劃中,資源省份上了很多煤化工項目,資源稅的提高將直接提高煤化工項目的成本,削弱其競爭力。
womenyiwei,duiyuziyuanxingqiyelaishuo,yizhiweichimuqiandegaolirunlvzhuangkuangshibuxianshide,suizhequanshehuiduihuanjingziyuanderiyizhongshi,zheleiqiyedelirunlvdexiajiangshidashisuoqu。ziyuanxingqiyeyaoyouzhegesixiangzhunbei。yinci,zhiyaoduizhengtijingjimeiyouguodadeyingxiang,ziyuanshuigaigeyinggaizaijingjixiaxingqineidangjiliduantuichu,qiemodaolejingjifusushi,zaicixianrubeidong。dangran,zaituichuziyuanshuigaigeshi,duimeitanqiyedeshuifeifudanxuzuoyigetongchouzhengli。
來源:上海商報