Application of Delta Inverter in Treadmill Control System 中達電通股份有限公司供稿 摘 要:suizheshenghuoshuipingdetigao,renmenyuelaiyuezhongshizishendeshentijiankang,gengrezhongyucanjiagezhongtiyuyundong,qizhongjiezhupaobujijinxingduanlian,qiyundongxingshijiandan,shihezaijiatinghuozhejianshenfangshineishiyong。benwenduitaidabianpinqizaipaobujikongzhixitongzhongdeyingyongxiangguanwentizuolejianyaotaolun。 Abstract: With the improvement of living standard, people care more and more about health and keen on taking all kinds of sports. Using treadmill to do physical excise is suitable in indoor and gym as the simple excising form. The article briefly discusses the application of Delta inverter in treadmill control system. 關鍵詞:跑步機 變頻器 控製係統 Key words: Treadmill Inverter Control system 1 引 言 yongpaobujibizaihuwailumianshangpaozuidadehaochujiushipaobujitigonglebizhenxiaoguo,daliangxiaochulemeiyibufadefanzuoyongchongjili,baohulenidexigaiguanjie,yincijinnianlaibeishouhuanying。paobujidejibengongnengjiushigoujianyitiaoyundongdepaodao(跑步帶),跑pao道dao的de運yun動dong方fang向xiang與yu運yun動dong者zhe的de跑pao動dong方fang向xiang相xiang反fan,但dan速su度du必bi須xu自zi動dong保bao持chi一yi致zhi,這zhe樣yang就jiu使shi得de運yun動dong者zhe能neng夠gou在zai原yuan地di進jin行xing跑pao步bu鍛duan煉lian了le。如ru果guo說shuo馬ma達da是shi跑pao步bu機ji的de心xin髒zang,那na麼me機ji電dian係xi統tong的de功gong能neng就jiu是shi跑pao步bu機ji的de心xin肺fei功gong能neng。完wan善shan的de機ji電dian係xi統tong,可ke以yi充chong分fen地di發fa揮hui馬ma達da的de功gong率lv效xiao能neng。跑pao步bu機ji所suo使shi用yong的de機ji電dian係xi統tong也ye在zai與yu時shi俱ju進jin,由you早zao期qi的deSCR係統發展到目前的PWM係統。現在市麵上的跑步機大都使用PWM係統,比起舊式的SCR係統,現代跑步機的跑感更佳,跑起來更平暢自然,應用台達變頻器研製的跑步機如圖1所示。 2 台達跑步機專用變頻器的特點 變bian頻pin器qi是shi跑pao步bu機ji的de核he心xin,與yu市shi場chang上shang其qi它ta跑pao步bu機ji相xiang比bi,台tai達da生sheng產chan的de跑pao步bu機ji專zhuan用yong變bian頻pin器qi針zhen對dui性xing強qiang,完wan全quan符fu合he跑pao步bu機ji的de運yun行xing特te性xing,該gai變bian頻pin器qi在zai以yi下xia幾ji個ge方fang麵mian有you其qi獨du特te的de優you勢shi。 1) 提供較寬的載波頻率範圍 由you於yu使shi用yong環huan境jing以yi及ji使shi用yong對dui象xiang的de特te殊shu性xing,跑pao步bu機ji的de控kong製zhi性xing能neng有you區qu別bie於yu其qi它ta電dian機ji控kong製zhi的de特te殊shu要yao求qiu。跑pao步bu機ji一yi般ban的de使shi用yong環huan境jing是shi在zai室shi內nei,對dui於yu靜jing音yin也ye有you特te別bie的de要yao求qiu。跑pao步bu機ji以yi馬ma達da帶dai動dong驅qu動dong皮pi帶dai,再zai透tou過guo滾gun筒tong來lai運yun轉zhuan跑pao步bu帶dai,這zhe一yi係xi列lie的de機ji電dian及ji機ji械xie運yun作zuo過guo程cheng,會hui產chan生sheng一yi定ding的de聲sheng響xiang。如ru果guo使shi用yong變bian頻pin器qi來lai控kong製zhi電dian機ji,電dian機ji在zai運yun轉zhuan的de過guo程cheng中zhong會hui發fa出chu一yi種zhong高gao頻pin的de嘯xiao叫jiao聲sheng,這zhe種zhong嘯xiao叫jiao聲sheng稱cheng為wei電dian磁ci噪zao音yin。該gai種zhong噪zao音yin容rong易yi使shi人ren產chan生sheng焦jiao躁zao的de情qing緒xu,而er且qie這zhe種zhong噪zao音yin一yi般ban很hen難nan被bei其qi它ta聲sheng音yin掩yan蓋gai。消xiao除chu噪zao音yin的de方fang法fa是shi調tiao整zheng變bian頻pin器qi的de載zai波bo頻pin率lv,通tong常chang能neng夠gou調tiao整zheng的de最zui大da值zhi為wei15kHz。在其它的環境中,將載波頻率調整到最大(15kHz),jiukenengmanzushiyongzhedeyaoqiu,zheshidianjifachudezaoyinbingbumingxian。xianzaigeshengchanchangjiaduiyujixiebufendoucaiquleyixiefangzaodecuoshi,yincipaobujishiyongdehuanjingbeijingzaoyindoubijiaoxiao,zhejiushideyuanbenzaiqitachanghebushihenmingxiandediancizaoyintebiedecier。zhenduizhezhongteshuxuqiu,taidapaobujizhuanyongbianpinqijiangzaibopinlvdeketiaozhengzuidazhishangshengdao16kHZ,再一次降低了電機發出的噪音分貝,使得運動者能夠在更加良好的環境中鍛煉身體。 2 控製方式為SPWM,提供無速度矢量控製方式 該控製方式在不需要外部轉速反饋的情況下(對於外部接線沒有任何增加),可(ke)得(de)到(dao)比(bi)較(jiao)硬(ying)的(de)機(ji)械(xie)特(te)性(xing)。矢(shi)量(liang)控(kong)製(zhi)方(fang)式(shi)的(de)運(yun)用(yong),使(shi)異(yi)步(bu)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的(de)低(di)頻(pin)工(gong)作(zuo)特(te)性(xing)達(da)到(dao)了(le)十(shi)分(fen)完(wan)美(mei)的(de)地(di)步(bu),與(yu)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)相(xiang)比(bi),已(yi)經(jing)毫(hao)不(bu)遜(xun)色(se)了(le)。在(zai)低(di)頻(pin)力(li)矩(ju)方(fang)麵(mian),能(neng)夠(gou)提(ti)供(gong)5Hz時150%的額定輸出力矩。 3 提供較低的瞬間低電壓準位值 因(yin)為(wei)跑(pao)步(bu)機(ji)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)場(chang)所(suo)為(wei)一(yi)般(ban)住(zhu)宅(zhai)或(huo)運(yun)動(dong)中(zhong)心(xin),其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)電(dian)源(yuan)為(wei)一(yi)般(ban)市(shi)電(dian)。當(dang)負(fu)載(zai)在(zai)無(wu)法(fa)預(yu)知(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)者(zhe)的(de)設(she)定(ding)速(su)度(du)以(yi)及(ji)使(shi)用(yong)者(zhe)的(de)體(ti)重(zhong)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),設(she)計(ji)者(zhe)必(bi)須(xu)考(kao)慮(lv)該(gai)類(lei)變(bian)數(shu)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang),該(gai)變(bian)數(shu)將(jiang)有(you)可(ke)能(neng)造(zao)成(cheng)瞬(shun)間(jian)低(di)電(dian)壓(ya)偵(zhen)測(ce)動(dong)作(zuo)。為(wei)防(fang)止(zhi)Lv偵測動作,台達跑步機專用變頻器增加了一個參數:Lv準(zhun)位(wei)設(she)定(ding)。根(gen)據(ju)客(ke)戶(hu)的(de)實(shi)際(ji)使(shi)用(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)設(she)置(zhi)這(zhe)個(ge)參(can)數(shu),能(neng)夠(gou)將(jiang)低(di)電(dian)壓(ya)報(bao)警(jing)的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)自(zi)由(you)設(she)定(ding),讓(rang)由(you)於(yu)突(tu)發(fa)性(xing)負(fu)載(zai)原(yuan)因(yin)造(zao)成(cheng)停(ting)機(ji)的(de)可(ke)能(neng)性(xing)大(da)幅(fu)降(jiang)低(di)。 4 提供標準的485通訊接口 使用標準的485通(tong)訊(xun)接(jie)口(kou),可(ke)使(shi)調(tiao)試(shi)和(he)使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)變(bian)得(de)動(dong)更(geng)加(jia)簡(jian)單(dan)方(fang)便(bian),原(yuan)本(ben)每(mei)一(yi)台(tai)變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)都(dou)需(xu)要(yao)手(shou)工(gong)設(she)置(zhi)參(can)數(shu),現(xian)在(zai)隻(zhi)需(xu)要(yao)執(zhi)行(xing)下(xia)載(zai)參(can)數(shu),該(gai)參(can)數(shu)就(jiu)會(hui)快(kuai)捷(jie)地(di)寫(xie)入(ru)到(dao)變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)中(zhong),減(jian)輕(qing)了(le)調(tiao)試(shi)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)重(zhong)複(fu)勞(lao)動(dong)量(liang);在配線方麵也更加簡潔,485通訊隻需要連接兩根信號線(SG+/SG-)。由於變頻器本身就是一個幹擾源,485接口在抗幹擾能力上比模擬量輸入強。 5 在485通訊控製的方式下,外部端子能夠接受EF信號 paobujizaizhengchangyunxingdeqingkuangxiashikanbuchuzhegegongnengdezhongyaoxingde,danshiyidanchuxianwenti,liruzuiyanzhongdejiushidangkongzhiqisijishi,dianjideyunzhuanbushoukongzhi,zhezhongqingkuanghenrongyiduiduanlianzhezaochengshentideshanghai。ruguonenggoutigongyigegongneng,zhijieminglingbianpinqitingzhishuchu(停止工作),讓電機自由停車,就會減小出現異常情況對人身造成傷害的可能性。一般情況下,都需要增加其它低壓電器來切斷電機的電源;而台達變頻器卻能夠在不需要增加電器組件的情況下實現這個功能,減少跑步機的硬件成本以及維護工作量。 3 調試與運行 為了達到跑步機性能的最佳化,在使用可以從以下方麵調整台達跑步機專用變頻器參數:選擇向量控製 P105=01;輸入電機的基準電壓,頻率,電流(P04,P05,P52);自動量測電機參數;輸入電機的額定轉差;觀察運轉時空載和負載電流的大小和波動;如果出現噪音問題,可調整載波頻率;如果出現負載運轉過程中自動停機問題,可調整Lv準位值。這些在台達跑步機的隨機使用說明中都給出詳細的指導說明。 4 結束語 上(shang)述(shu)對(dui)跑(pao)步(bu)機(ji)控(kong)製(zhi)係(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)相(xiang)關(guan)問(wen)題(ti)作(zuo)了(le)簡(jian)要(yao)討(tao)論(lun),其(qi)中(zhong)核(he)心(xin)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)是(shi)如(ru)何(he)正(zheng)確(que)使(shi)用(yong)變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi),使(shi)跑(pao)步(bu)機(ji)發(fa)揮(hui)最(zui)佳(jia)的(de)性(xing)能(neng),由(you)於(yu)台(tai)達(da)跑(pao)步(bu)機(ji)充(chong)分(fen)考(kao)慮(lv)了(le)各(ge)種(zhong)運(yun)行(xing)特(te)性(xing),克(ke)服(fu)了(le)市(shi)場(chang)上(shang)一(yi)般(ban)跑(pao)步(bu)機(ji)的(de)缺(que)陷(xian),因(yin)而(er)台(tai)達(da)跑(pao)步(bu)機(ji)更(geng)受(shou)客(ke)戶(hu)歡(huan)迎(ying)。