隨著醫療市場的競爭日趨激烈，醫療技術的先進性、高gao效xiao率lv辦ban公gong設she施shi及ji良liang好hao的de服fu務wu態tai度du，是shi直zhi接jie影ying響xiang醫yi院yuan發fa展zhan的de關guan鍵jian要yao素su。沒mei有you良liang好hao和he穩wen定ding的de醫yi療liao質zhi量liang，就jiu不bu能neng保bao證zheng醫yi院yuan的de生sheng命ming和he發fa展zhan。近jin幾ji年nian在zai醫yi療liao行xing業ye領ling域yu中zhong，國guo家jia頒ban布bu了le許xu多duo相xiang關guan的de政zheng策ce

，從cong醫yi療liao經jing營ying、行風建設
、業務建設、信息化建設、文化建設、行(xing)政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)及(ji)醫(yi)療(liao)服(fu)務(wu)上(shang)都(dou)有(you)了(le)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)轉(zhuan)變(bian)。現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)的(de)醫(yi)院(yuan)已(yi)經(jing)由(you)原(yuan)來(lai)的(de)計(ji)劃(hua)經(jing)濟(ji)轉(zhuan)向(xiang)了(le)市(shi)場(chang)經(jing)濟(ji)
，醫(yi)療(liao)服(fu)務(wu)也(ye)從(cong)供(gong)給(gei)型(xing)轉(zhuan)向(xiang)經(jing)營(ying)型(xing)，這(zhe)就(jiu)要(yao)求(qiu)醫(yi)院(yuan)的(de)建(jian)築(zhu)設(she)計(ji)和(he)管(guan)理(li)都(dou)需(xu)要(yao)以(yi)人(ren)為(wei)本(ben)、切實體察病人的感受，將新的科技與理念注入到醫院的建設中。

    計算機技術、網絡技術等相關信息技術的飛速發展，使得醫院信息化建設也在應用的深度和廣泛度上不斷推進。伴隨著“數字地球”等概念的出現，“數字化醫院”的稱呼應運而生，“數字化醫院”建(jian)設(she)日(ri)益(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)醫(yi)院(yuan)建(jian)設(she)的(de)焦(jiao)點(dian)之(zhi)一(yi)。然(ran)而(er)，盡(jin)管(guan)形(xing)勢(shi)上(shang)十(shi)分(fen)火(huo)熱(re)，但(dan)目(mu)前(qian)無(wu)論(lun)是(shi)國(guo)際(ji)還(hai)是(shi)國(guo)內(nei)
，對(dui)於(yu)數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)醫(yi)院(yuan)本(ben)身(shen)尚(shang)無(wu)完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)定(ding)義(yi)。而(er)數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)集(ji)成(cheng)主(zhu)要(yao)在(zai)於(yu)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)弱(ruo)電(dian)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)式(shi)，經(jing)過(guo)我(wo)們(men)在(zai)國(guo)內(nei)項(xiang)目(mu)實(shi)施(shi)經(jing)驗(yan)，將(jiang)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)弱(ruo)電(dian)係(xi)統(tong)大(da)致(zhi)分(fen)為(wei)四(si)部(bu)分(fen)。

    樓宇設備管理係統
、通信自動化係統、yiyuanxinxixitongjiyiyuanzhuanyexitong，zhesigedaxitongzhijianxiangduidulidanyouxianghulianxi。zenyangjianggexitongjichengzaitongyipingtaierzuizhongdadaozhenggezhinenghuaxitongdexinxicaijijichuanshucaishishixianshuziyiyuandezhenzhengyiyi。

    醫yi療liao建jian築zhu不bu同tong於yu其qi他ta民min用yong建jian築zhu
，因yin為wei醫yi院yuan的de科ke室shi類lei型xing比bi較jiao多duo，而er各ge科ke室shi功gong能neng需xu求qiu也ye大da不bu相xiang同tong，無wu論lun在zai前qian期qi設she計ji還hai是shi在zai後hou期qi的de實shi施shi階jie段duan都dou應ying該gai了le解jie醫yi院yuan的de整zheng體ti點dian位wei及ji各ge科ke室shi具ju體ti的de使shi用yong需xu求qiu。而er智zhi能neng化hua係xi統tong較jiao多duo，更geng需xu要yao設she計ji人ren員yuan的de全quan方fang麵mian考kao慮lv

，要yao在zai前qian期qi設she計ji階jie段duan就jiu應ying該gai了le解jie各ge科ke室shi醫yi護hu人ren員yuan的de工gong作zuo需xu求qiu及ji管guan理li需xu要yao，才cai能neng結jie合he各ge個ge項xiang目mu做zuo出chu最zui合he理li的de設she計ji。然ran而er在zai實shi際ji工gong程cheng中zhong各ge個ge專zhuan業ye設she計ji師shi都dou或huo多duo或huo少shao對dui設she計ji任ren務wu不bu明ming確que的de情qing況kuang下xia就jiu進jin行xing方fang案an設she計ji和he招zhao標biao設she計ji，這zhe種zhong現xian象xiang十shi分fen普pu遍bian。

    樓宇自控係統設計涉及專業較多
，水、暖、電(dian)各(ge)種(zhong)設(she)備(bei)都(dou)需(xu)要(yao)進(jin)行(xing)監(jian)控(kong)，因(yin)此(ci)設(she)計(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)除(chu)了(le)掌(zhang)握(wo)相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)知(zhi)識(shi)，還(hai)要(yao)熟(shu)知(zhi)醫(yi)療(liao)設(she)備(bei)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)要(yao)求(qiu)。從(cong)而(er)才(cai)能(neng)更(geng)好(hao)的(de)將(jiang)機(ji)電(dian)設(she)備(bei)進(jin)行(xing)全(quan)方(fang)麵(mian)的(de)監(jian)控(kong)和(he)管(guan)理(li)。

    綜(zong)合(he)布(bu)線(xian)係(xi)統(tong)網(wang)絡(luo)設(she)備(bei)及(ji)配(pei)套(tao)的(de)傳(chuan)輸(shu)設(she)備(bei)是(shi)近(jin)幾(ji)年(nian)發(fa)展(zhan)最(zui)快(kuai)的(de)
，信(xin)息(xi)的(de)傳(chuan)輸(shu)方(fang)式(shi)及(ji)速(su)度(du)也(ye)是(shi)數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)集(ji)成(cheng)的(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)點(dian)。對(dui)於(yu)目(mu)前(qian)綜(zong)合(he)布(bu)線(xian)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)設(she)計(ji)需(xu)求(qiu)
，各(ge)個(ge)醫(yi)院(yuan)都(dou)不(bu)同(tong)。HIS、PACS、LIS 等醫院內部網絡係統的需求決定醫院的綜合布線的結構
，萬兆
、十shi萬wan兆zhao的de傳chuan輸shu速su度du已yi經jing普pu遍bian。而er水shui平ping終zhong端duan的de點dian位wei數shu量liang如ru何he設she計ji，是shi這zhe個ge係xi統tong的de真zhen正zheng難nan點dian。除chu了le了le解jie醫yi院yuan的de日ri常chang工gong作zuo模mo式shi，內nei外wai網wang使shi用yong方fang式shi、peibeiyiliaozhuanyongshebeidewangluoxuqiu，zhiyoujiangsuoyouxinxidouzhangwodao，cainengbimianxiangmujiaogonghou，buhuidaozhirichangbangongwangluodianbugouhuowufajinxingwangluokuozhandewenti。danyebushizhongduandianyueduoyuehao，zheyangbujinhuibubianwangluozhongduandeguanlihaihuizaochengchujiantouzideguodulangfei。

    youxiandianshixitongshimuqiangeshengshidiqudoukaishijianlishuzidianshi，erchengshizhuganrengshiyitonglanmonifangshichuanshu

，zhongduanpeijidinghefangshi。eryiyuanjiashudenghouquyuyoubofangxuanjiaoxinxixuqiu
，zhejiuxuyaokaolvdaozhenggeyouxianwangluodejiegou，jidingheshiwufajieshouzibanjiemu。erruguoxuyaozengjiaweixingdianshixitong，yidingyaozaishejiqianqikaolvdaoweixingjieshoutianxiandeanzhuangweizhijijiaodu
，fouzejiuhuigeihouqishigongdailaihendanandu。

    anfangjiankongxitongmuqianrengshimonixinhaochuanshufangshiweizhu，zaikongjianjiaodaquyupeizhisankebianyuntai，putongzoulangpeibanqiucaiseshexiangji
，zaidixiashihuodengguangbuzudequyupeihongwaishexiangji，jutipeizhifangshikegenjuxuyaopeizhi。zhuyaoyishoufeichu、掛號處、出入口、停車場處等人員密集及需要重要監控的區域能時時監測為主。

    LED 顯示係統主要是為了能清晰的播放及時消息或指導人流疏散功能
，一般在大廳、科室等候區域處設置。LED 大屏可進行多台聯網控製
，聯網後便於統一管理顯示。

    醫yi護hu對dui講jiang係xi統tong主zhu要yao實shi現xian病bing人ren與yu護hu士shi的de雙shuang向xiang語yu音yin及ji報bao警jing功gong能neng
，不bu同tong產chan品pin功gong能neng不bu同tong，有you的de在zai呼hu叫jiao麵mian板ban上shang可ke以yi集ji成cheng輸shu液ye報bao警jing提ti示shi，便bian於yu在zai病bing人ren無wu人ren陪pei護hu或huo不bu經jing意yi時shi，液ye體ti輸shu完wan出chu現xian回hui血xue的de現xian象xiang，充chong分fen體ti現xian人ren性xing化hua醫yi院yuan的de特te點dian。電dian視shi伴ban音yin係xi統tong可ke以yi避bi免mian在zai多duo床chuang位wei病bing房fang間jian

，避bi免mian播bo放fang電dian視shi時shi對dui其qi他ta病bing人ren造zao成cheng噪zao聲sheng汙wu染ran。在zai電dian視shi機ji處chu增zeng加jia一yi套tao分fen配pei主zhu機ji，將jiang聲sheng音yin分fen配pei後hou采cai集ji到dao設she備bei槽cao處chu，病bing人ren帶dai上shang耳er機ji就jiu可ke以yi使shi用yong

，簡jian單dan而er方fang便bian。

    排隊叫號係統目前已經廣泛使用在各大醫院
，集成於HIS 係(xi)統(tong)裏(li)已(yi)經(jing)是(shi)不(bu)可(ke)缺(que)少(shao)的(de)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)，可(ke)通(tong)過(guo)軟(ruan)件(jian)進(jin)行(xing)掛(gua)號(hao)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)自(zi)動(dong)順(shun)排(pai)，避(bi)免(mian)後(hou)來(lai)先(xian)看(kan)病(bing)的(de)事(shi)件(jian)
，也(ye)減(jian)少(shao)不(bu)必(bi)要(yao)的(de)爭(zheng)吵(chao)
，更(geng)好(hao)的(de)提(ti)供(gong)就(jiu)醫(yi)環(huan)境(jing)。隻(zhi)有(you)將(jiang)以(yi)科(ke)技(ji)為(wei)基(ji)礎(chu)，以(yi)人(ren)為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)服(fu)務(wu)理(li)念(nian)彙(hui)入(ru)到(dao)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)係(xi)統(tong)設(she)計(ji)中(zhong)，才(cai)能(neng)建(jian)設(she)真(zhen)正(zheng)的(de)、先進的、現代化醫院。

    醫(yi)院(yuan)手(shou)術(shu)部(bu)區(qu)域(yu)的(de)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)集(ji)成(cheng)是(shi)各(ge)個(ge)醫(yi)技(ji)院(yuan)關(guan)注(zhu)的(de)重(zhong)點(dian)，通(tong)常(chang)也(ye)會(hui)將(jiang)淨(jing)化(hua)區(qu)域(yu)部(bu)分(fen)單(dan)獨(du)進(jin)行(xing)招(zhao)標(biao)，筆(bi)者(zhe)就(jiu)淨(jing)化(hua)手(shou)術(shu)部(bu)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)集(ji)成(cheng)做(zuo)法(fa)及(ji)實(shi)施(shi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)常(chang)見(jian)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)與(yu)廣(guang)大(da)讀(du)者(zhe)討(tao)論(lun)。

    對於淨化區域的控製係統來說

，空調機組控製是此部分最重要的，淨化區域的環境是否滿足相應規範，在於控製點位的合理性
、kongzhiyingjiandewendingxingjitiaoshirenyuanbianchengjingyan，zhexiedouzhijiequjueyuxitongzuizhongdetiaoshishifouchenggong。shejirenyuankeyicankaoyouguanjishuziliaohuozhaobiaoyaoqiuduixitongkongzhidianweijinxingsheji，erzaihouqidetiaoshiguochengzhongsashoubuguan

，zhirangshigongfanghuotiaoshirenyuanquanmianfuze
，zhezhongxianxiangshifenpubian，daozhixitongshiyongguochengbuwending，zheyiyinsuzhanhendadebili。suoyishejirenyuanyinggaizaitiaoshiguochengzhonggeiyuzugoudejishuzhichi，zhejiuxuyaoshejirenyuanzishenyaoduijinghuajizudekongzhiyuanliyaoqingxi，mingquegezhongshebeixianghuliansuodeguanxi
，yingyoujutidekongzhiluojitujijutikongzhiyaoqiujiaoyutiaoshirenyuan。jutikongzhidianweikecankao《淨化手術室空調及氣體設計規範》。

    zonghebuxianxitongfuzequyuneixinxidechuanshu，muqianjinghuaquyuyudalouxitongjiekouzuofashidaloutigongshujuzhuganheyuyindaduishuyuruodianshujingnei，youjinghuashigongfangfuzeshuipingfushe。shoushushiwangluopeiyoudulidejiguijijiaohuanji，meijianshoushushichangguizaidiaotashangshezhi6 類lei數shu據ju點dian，在zai手shou術shu室shi側ce牆qiang上shang設she置zhi數shu據ju終zhong端duan
，每mei間jian手shou術shu室shi設she置zhi一yi個ge電dian話hua點dian或huo呼hu叫jiao對dui講jiang分fen機ji
，對dui於yu一yi體ti化hua手shou術shu室shi的de綜zong合he布bu線xian要yao求qiu要yao相xiang對dui更geng好hao
，要yao實shi現xian遠yuan程cheng示shi教jiao及jiPACS 傳輸的要求，應按專業廠家具體要求進行敷設。

    示(shi)教(jiao)信(xin)息(xi)的(de)采(cai)集(ji)對(dui)後(hou)期(qi)演(yan)示(shi)是(shi)十(shi)分(fen)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)，目(mu)前(qian)手(shou)術(shu)室(shi)在(zai)無(wu)影(ying)燈(deng)處(chu)都(dou)會(hui)配(pei)有(you)高(gao)清(qing)晰(xi)的(de)攝(she)像(xiang)機(ji)，手(shou)術(shu)室(shi)內(nei)部(bu)還(hai)會(hui)配(pei)有(you)全(quan)景(jing)攝(she)像(xiang)機(ji)，係(xi)統(tong)結(jie)構(gou)目(mu)前(qian)還(hai)以(yi)模(mo)擬(ni)方(fang)式(shi)為(wei)主(zhu)，而(er)在(zai)前(qian)端(duan)進(jin)行(xing)模(mo)數(shu)轉(zhuan)換(huan)，通(tong)過(guo)網(wang)絡(luo)進(jin)行(xing)集(ji)成(cheng)的(de)示(shi)教(jiao)監(jian)控(kong)係(xi)統(tong)也(ye)在(zai)開(kai)始(shi)普(pu)及(ji)。但(dan)施(shi)工(gong)放(fang)線(xian)時(shi)需(xu)要(yao)避(bi)免(mian)強(qiang)電(dian)信(xin)號(hao)的(de)幹(gan)擾(rao)
，接(jie)頭(tou)的(de)壓(ya)實(shi)
，否(fou)則(ze)會(hui)出(chu)現(xian)圖(tu)像(xiang)抖(dou)動(dong)或(huo)有(you)明(ming)顯(xian)波(bo)紋(wen)閃(shan)爍(shuo)。

    醫護對講在手術室應用十分普遍
，一般要求每間手術室與護士站能達到雙向通話，具體的實施方案有三種：diyizhongshipeizhuanyongyihuduijiangzhuji，shoushushikongzhimianbanshangshefenji，keyishixianliangdianjianhujiaojishujianqunhugongneng
，danshujianbunengbodawaixian。dierzhongshipeizhidianhuachengkongjiaohuanji
，zhezhongfangankeyishixianshoushujianzhibowaixiangongneng
，danbunengshixianqunhugongneng。disanzhongshimuqiancaiyongchumopingfangshi，dianhuagongnengjichengzaichumopingnei，neiwaiwangjiqunhugongnengdoukeyishixiandefangshi，chumopingshuangkeshixianwangluolianjiebutongyuchangguizhiyoujiandangongnengdekongzhimianban
，yincishuzihuashoushushidejichengshijinhoufazhandebiranfangxiang。shixianshuzihuadeshoushushihoujiunengjiangqitaruodiangongnengfangbiandeyingyongdaoshoushubu，ruduijiang、廣播
、數字監控等。

    所(suo)謂(wei)數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)手(shou)術(shu)室(shi)廣(guang)義(yi)上(shang)是(shi)指(zhi)將(jiang)手(shou)術(shu)室(shi)內(nei)所(suo)有(you)需(xu)要(yao)的(de)信(xin)息(xi)進(jin)行(xing)采(cai)集(ji)，由(you)智(zhi)能(neng)主(zhu)機(ji)通(tong)過(guo)軟(ruan)件(jian)將(jiang)信(xin)息(xi)分(fen)類(lei)采(cai)集(ji)


，再(zai)將(jiang)處(chu)理(li)後(hou)的(de)信(xin)息(xi)分(fen)類(lei)傳(chuan)輸(shu)至(zhi)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)區(qu)域(yu)。而(er)目(mu)前(qian)醫(yi)院(yuan)的(de)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)手(shou)術(shu)室(shi)，都(dou)隻(zhi)將(jiang)手(shou)術(shu)室(shi)內(nei)的(de)醫(yi)療(liao)設(she)備(bei)進(jin)行(xing)信(xin)息(xi)采(cai)集(ji)控(kong)製(zhi)與(yu)HIS
、PACS 實shi現xian遠yuan端duan傳chuan輸shu，而er對dui機ji電dian設she備bei及ji其qi他ta弱ruo電dian功gong能neng都dou沒mei有you具ju體ti的de集ji成cheng控kong製zhi管guan理li。因yin此ci數shu字zi化hua手shou術shu室shi除chu了le對dui手shou術shu室shi內nei設she備bei的de集ji成cheng管guan理li，還hai需xu要yao對dui配pei套tao設she施shi的de集ji成cheng管guan理li，如ru空kong調tiao機ji組zu的de控kong製zhi、對講、廣guang播bo等deng係xi統tong的de集ji成cheng。而er做zuo一yi體ti化hua手shou術shu室shi的de廠chang家jia目mu前qian可ke選xuan性xing太tai少shao，導dao致zhi投tou資zi金jin額e龐pang大da。這zhe就jiu需xu要yao國guo內nei的de相xiang關guan技ji術shu人ren員yuan及ji開kai發fa商shang一yi同tong努nu力li，將jiang國guo外wai的de先xian進jin技ji術shu引yin入ru國guo內nei，將jiang我wo國guo的de科ke學xue技ji術shu更geng好hao的de應ying用yong到dao實shi踐jian中zhong，創chuang造zao自zi己ji的de品pin牌pai


，提ti高gao國guo內nei醫yi療liao設she備bei的de先xian進jin性xing。

    筆(bi)者(zhe)由(you)衷(zhong)希(xi)望(wang)與(yu)廣(guang)大(da)從(cong)事(shi)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)集(ji)成(cheng)及(ji)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)專(zhuan)業(ye)的(de)人(ren)士(shi)一(yi)起(qi)探(tan)討(tao)技(ji)術(shu)及(ji)施(shi)工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)，希(xi)望(wang)通(tong)過(guo)交(jiao)流(liu)能(neng)在(zai)工(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)提(ti)高(gao)自(zi)身(shen)的(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)知(zhi)識(shi)及(ji)施(shi)工(gong)經(jing)驗(yan)。希(xi)望(wang)我(wo)國(guo)的(de)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)建(jian)設(she)不(bu)斷(duan)發(fa)展(zhan)，從(cong)而(er)使(shi)國(guo)內(nei)的(de)醫(yi)療(liao)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)、智能化集成走在世界的前例。