旋轉編碼器應用問題分析 ：光電檢測裝置的發射和接收裝置都安裝在生產現場


，在使用中暴露出許多缺陷
，其有內在因素也有外在因素，主要表現在以下幾個方麵

1.發射裝置或接受裝置因機械震動等原因而引起的移位或偏移
，導致接收裝置不能可靠的接收到光信號，而不能產生電信號。例如：guangdianbianmaqiyingyongzaizhagangtiaosuxitongzhong，yinguangdianbianmaqishizhijieyongluoshuangudingzaidiandongjidewaikeshang，guangdianbianmaqidezhoutongguojiaoyingdedanhuangpianhediandongjizhuanzhouxianglianjie，yindiandongjisuodaifuzaishichongjixingfuzai，dangzhajiguogangshihuiyinqidiandongjizhuanzhouhewaikedezhendong。jingceding，guogangshiguangdianbianmaqizhendongsuduwei2.6mm/s，這樣的振動速度會損壞光電編碼器的內部功能。造成誤發脈衝
，從而導致控製係統不穩定或誤動作，導致事故發生。

（改進措施：改gai變bian光guang電dian編bian碼ma器qi的de安an裝zhuang方fang式shi，光guang電dian編bian碼ma器qi不bu在zai安an裝zhuang在zai電dian動dong機ji外wai殼ke上shang
，而er是shi在zai電dian動dong機ji的de基ji礎chu上shang製zhi作zuo一yi固gu定ding支zhi架jia來lai獨du立li安an裝zhuang光guang電dian編bian碼ma器qi，光guang電dian編bian碼ma器qi軸zhou與yu電dian動dong機ji軸zhou中zhong心xin必bi須xu處chu於yu同tong一yi水shui平ping高gao度du，兩liang軸zhou采cai用yong軟ruan橡xiang膠jiao或huo尼ni龍long軟ruan管guan相xiang連lian接jie，以yi減jian輕qing電dian動dong 機衝擊負載對光電編碼器的機械衝擊。采用此方式後經測振儀檢測，其振動速度 降至1.2mm/s）

2.因光電檢測裝置安裝在生產現場
，受生產現場環境因素影響導致光電檢測裝置不能可靠的工作。如安裝部位溫度高、濕shi度du大da
，導dao致zhi光guang電dian檢jian測ce裝zhuang置zhi內nei部bu的de電dian子zi元yuan件jian特te性xing改gai變bian或huo損sun壞huai。例li如ru在zai連lian鑄zhu機ji送song引yin錠ding跟gen蹤zong係xi統tong，由you於yu光guang電dian檢jian測ce裝zhuang置zhi安an裝zhuang的de位wei置zhi靠kao近jin鑄zhu坯pi，環huan境jing溫wen度du高gao而er導dao致zhi光guang電dian檢jian測ce裝zhuang置zhi誤wu發fa出chu信xin號hao或huo損sun壞huai，而er引yin發fa生sheng產chan或huo人ren身shen事shi故gu。

（改進措施：bianmaqixuanxingshiyaogenjuxianchangqingkuanglaixuanshihewendudebianmaqi
，xianchangwenduyidingyaozaibianmaqidezhengchanggongzuowendufanweinei，lingwaiyekegenjubianmaqianzhuangqingkuang
，waijiayigedadejianwenzuoyongdefalanpan，zheyangbianmaqijiubuyongzhijietiedaogaowenshebeibiaomianle，qidaojiangwenxiaoguo）

3.shengchanxianchangdegezhongdianciganraoyuan
，duiguangdianjiancezhuangzhichanshengdeganrao，daozhiguangdianjiancezhuangzhishuchuboxingfashengjibianshizhen，shixitongwudonghuoyinfashengchanshigu。liru
，guangdianjiancezhuangzhianzhuangzaishengchanshebeibenti，qixinhaojingdianlanchuanshuzhikongzhixitongdejuliyibanzai20m~100m，傳chuan輸shu電dian纜lan雖sui然ran一yi般ban都dou選xuan用yong多duo芯xin屏ping蔽bi電dian纜lan，但dan由you於yu電dian纜lan的de導dao線xian電dian阻zu及ji線xian間jian電dian容rong的de影ying響xiang再zai加jia上shang和he其qi他ta電dian纜lan同tong在zai一yi起qi敷fu設she


，極ji易yi受shou到dao各ge種zhong電dian磁ci幹gan擾rao的de影ying響xiang，因yin此ci引yin起qi波bo形xing失shi真zhen

，從cong而er使shi反fan饋kui到dao調tiao速su係xi統tong的de信xin號hao與yu實shi際ji值zhi的de偏pian差cha，而er導dao致zhi係xi統tong精jing度du下xia降jiang

（合he理li選xuan擇ze光guang電dian檢jian測ce裝zhuang置zhi輸shu出chu信xin號hao傳chuan輸shu介jie質zhi，采cai用yong雙shuang絞jiao屏ping蔽bi電dian纜lan取qu代dai普pu通tong屏ping蔽bi電dian纜lan。雙shuang絞jiao屏ping蔽bi電dian纜lan具ju有you兩liang個ge重zhong要yao的de技ji術shu特te性xing

，一yi是shi對dui電dian纜lan受shou到dao的de電dian磁ci幹gan擾rao具ju有you較jiao強qiang的de防fang護hu能neng力li，因yin為wei空kong間jian電dian磁ci場chang在zai線xian上shang產chan生sheng的de幹gan擾rao電dian流liu可ke以yi互hu相xiang抵di消xiao。雙shuang絞jiao屏ping蔽bi電dian纜lan的de另ling一yi個ge技ji術shu特te點dian是shi互hu絞jiao後hou兩liang線xian間jian距ju很hen小xiao，兩liang線xian對dui幹gan擾rao線xian路lu的de距ju離li基ji本ben相xiang等deng，兩liang線xian對dui屏ping蔽bi網wang的de分fen布bu電dian容rong也ye基ji本ben相xiang同tong，這zhe對dui抑yi製zhi共gong模mo幹gan擾rao效xiao果guo更geng加jia明ming顯xian

雙絞線
，也就是我們所說的網線，可以分為屏蔽雙絞線(Shielded Twisted Pair，STP)與非屏蔽雙絞線(Unshielded Twisted Pair，UTP)，suoweipingbishuangjiaoxianjiushizhizaishuangjiaoxianyuwaicengjueyuanfengtaozhijianyouyigejinshucengbiceng。pingbicengkejianshaofushe，fangzhixinxibeiqieting，yekezuzhiwaibudianciganraodejinru
，shipingbishuangjiaoxianbitongleidefeipingbishuangjiaoxianjuyougenggaodechuanshusulv）