http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-25 13:32:20
“2010低碳經濟與期貨市場論壇”於1月16日在上海·浦pu東dong舉ju行xing,和he訊xun期qi貨huo頻pin道dao作zuo為wei指zhi定ding網wang絡luo合he作zuo平ping台tai將jiang對dui本ben次ci論lun壇tan活huo動dong進jin行xing全quan程cheng直zhi播bo。以yi下xia是shi國guo家jia發fa改gai委wei能neng源yuan研yan究jiu所suo副fu研yan究jiu員yuan康kang豔yan兵bing在zai論lun壇tan上shang的de發fa言yan。
康豔兵:各位女士,各位先生大家下午好!今jin天tian非fei常chang高gao興xing能neng夠gou來lai參can加jia低di碳tan經jing濟ji與yu期qi貨huo市shi場chang論lun壇tan,我wo也ye非fei常chang高gao興xing咱zan們men金jin融rong界jie對dui我wo們men這zhe個ge節jie能neng減jian排pai低di碳tan經jing濟ji越yue來lai越yue關guan注zhu了le,今jin天tian下xia午wu我wo想xiang圍wei繞rao這zhe麼me幾ji個ge方fang麵mian來lai展zhan開kai,首shou先xian來lai談tan一yi下xia我wo國guo的de能neng源yuan環huan境jing形xing勢shi,為wei什shen麼me我wo們men要yao談tan低di碳tan經jing濟ji,然ran後hou圍wei繞rao我wo國guo節jie能neng減jian排pai的de任ren務wu政zheng策ce,十shi一yi五wu以yi來lai我wo們men出chu台tai了le大da量liang的de節jie能neng減jian排pai政zheng策ce,而er這zhe個ge是shi實shi現xian低di碳tan經jing濟ji最zui核he心xin的de任ren務wu,我wo們men出chu了le哪na些xie任ren務wu。然ran後hou談tan一yi下xia節jie能neng減jian排pai和he低di碳tan經jing濟ji是shi一yi個ge什shen麼me關guan係xi,我wo們men國guo務wu院yuan提ti出chu了le2020年(nian)控(kong)製(zhi)溫(wen)室(shi)氣(qi)體(ti)排(pai)放(fang)目(mu)標(biao),這(zhe)個(ge)目(mu)標(biao)是(shi)怎(zen)麼(me)理(li)解(jie),怎(zen)麼(me)實(shi)現(xian)的(de),怎(zen)麼(me)認(ren)識(shi)的(de),此(ci)外(wai)也(ye)給(gei)大(da)家(jia)介(jie)紹(shao)一(yi)下(xia)節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)排(pai)關(guan)注(zhu)的(de)投(tou)資(zi)市(shi)場(chang)和(he)領(ling)域(yu)。再(zai)有(you)給(gei)大(da)家(jia)介(jie)紹(shao)一(yi)下(xia)相(xiang)關(guan)行(xing)業(ye)的(de)產(chan)業(ye)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)以(yi)及(ji)導(dao)向(xiang),這(zhe)個(ge)對(dui)咱(zan)們(men)的(de)投(tou)資(zi)期(qi)貨(huo)是(shi)有(you)很(hen)強(qiang)的(de)幫(bang)助(zhu)意(yi)義(yi)。最(zui)後(hou)談(tan)一(yi)下(xia)我(wo)國(guo)節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)排(pai)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)成(cheng)效(xiao),以(yi)及(ji)在(zai)座(zuo)的(de)各(ge)位(wei)應(ying)該(gai)關(guan)注(zhu)的(de)節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)排(pai)新(xin)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)動(dong)向(xiang)。
shouxianzuoyigeshengming,youxieneirongzhengcedelijiejinjindaibiaowogerendeguandian。xianzaikanyixiawoguonengyuandexingshi,womenweishenmeyaotichuzhegeditanjingji,yaotuidongzhegeditanjingji。zhegedixiangeichulaideshiwomenguojiameiniandenengyuanxiaofeiliangdebianhuaqushi,danweishibaiwandunbiaozhunmei,80年到2000年我們漲了不到8億噸,而2001年到2005年漲了8億噸,在這個背影下,我們國家提出來的十一五期間的節能減排的考核目標和指標,就是要降低單位GDP的能耗,但是盡管如此,我們每年新增還在2億噸標準煤,五年就要漲的10億噸,這是一個大的背景。
那麼具體的能源品種,有煤、油、氣、電等等,我們煤炭現在是二十七八億噸,而比如說電力裝機,我們過去的幾年每年新增的將近1億千瓦,1億千瓦是什麼概念呢,大家知道三峽水電站,我們每年要上5個(ge)三(san)峽(xia)的(de)電(dian)站(zhan),去(qu)年(nian)金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),我(wo)們(men)國(guo)家(jia)的(de)新(xin)增(zeng)電(dian)力(li)也(ye)在(zai)七(qi)八(ba)千(qian)瓦(wa),當(dang)然(ran)就(jiu)導(dao)致(zhi)了(le)一(yi)係(xi)列(lie)的(de),我(wo)們(men)能(neng)源(yuan)壓(ya)力(li)特(te)別(bie)大(da),特(te)別(bie)是(shi)比(bi)如(ru)現(xian)在(zai)又(you)有(you)很(hen)多(duo)電(dian)場(chang)又(you)缺(que)煤(mei)了(le),又(you)缺(que)氣(qi)了(le),而(er)在(zai)十(shi)五(wu)期(qi)間(jian)我(wo)們(men)一(yi)度(du)25個(ge)省(sheng)拉(la)閘(zha)限(xian)電(dian),我(wo)們(men)煤(mei)油(you)氣(qi)相(xiang)當(dang)緊(jin)張(zhang),引(yin)起(qi)一(yi)係(xi)列(lie)的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)問(wen)題(ti),環(huan)境(jing)問(wen)題(ti)。為(wei)什(shen)麼(me)我(wo)們(men)的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)出(chu)現(xian)了(le)這(zhe)麼(me)快(kuai)速(su)的(de)增(zeng)長(chang),我(wo)個(ge)人(ren)認(ren)為(wei)第(di)一(yi)個(ge)原(yuan)因(yin)首(shou)先(xian)來(lai)自(zi)於(yu)我(wo)們(men)經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)繁(fan)榮(rong)發(fa)展(zhan),我(wo)們(men)去(qu)年(nian)是(shi)改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放(fang)30周年,30年間我們增幅7%左右,這種情況下,能源增長是不可避免的,並且我的GDP總量越來越大,每年還以10%左右增長,每年增長的絕對量越來越大,需要的能耗越來越多,我們國家現在是世界上GDPdisan,womenmashangjiuyaochaoguoriben,chengweishijieshangdierdajingjiti,danshiwomendejingjishizenmezhangde,zheshiyigechanyejiegoutu,dajiakandaowomenyidierweizhudegongyehaichuzai20%,guojiaxiangdaoyouhuachanyejiegou,tuidongdisanchanyedefazhan,danshidisanchanyeguoqujinianbushengfanjiang,jiujishiyuanlaishanghai,yinweishanghaiwolaideshibijiaoduode,shanghaizuoweiyigejingjizhongxin,yaodazaoquanqiuquanshijiedejinrongzhongxin,zanmenerchandebizhongzhandexiangdangda,wogenshanghaishijianyiyaodalifazhanjinrongyefuwuye,zhetixianzaitouzixiaofeisanjiamacheyebupingheng。yierchanweizhu,guoquwomenyouchuxianlegaohaonenggaowuran,birushuogangtiexingye,women2005年3.5億噸,去年5億噸,今年準確的數量還沒有出來,但是肯定超過5億噸,水泥也是,2000年不到6億噸,前年14yidun,xiangmeiguomaiboyinfeijifazhantamendejingji,womenshikaogangtieshuini,daozhiwomenwuranfeichangyanzhong。zaiyoujiushilaobaixingdeshenghuoshuipingzaikuaisutigao,youyuanlaideshengcunxingxiangshushixingfazhan,zaizhegeguochengzhongduinengyuanjichusheshitichuyuelaiyuegaodeyaoqiu,dajiadouzhidaowomenzhongguoshirenkouzuiduodeguojia,xianzaishi13.2億人口,我們人這麼多,每年的城市化還是以1.5%左zuo右you的de速su度du增zeng長chang,每mei年nian要yao有you一yi兩liang千qian萬wan的de農nong民min轉zhuan移yi到dao城cheng市shi,有you很hen多duo國guo家jia全quan國guo人ren口kou加jia起qi來lai也ye沒mei有you一yi兩liang千qian萬wan,那na對dui能neng源yuan服fu務wu,基ji礎chu設she施shi提ti出chu越yue來lai越yue高gao的de要yao求qiu。當dang然ran我wo們men還hai有you7億yi農nong民min的de生sheng活huo水shui平ping還hai很hen低di。再zai具ju體ti到dao老lao百bai姓xing的de消xiao費fei結jie構gou來lai看kan,他ta們men從cong衣yi食shi到dao住zhu行xing轉zhuan移yi,講jiang到dao行xing就jiu是shi汽qi車che,我wo們men過guo去qu這zhe十shi年nian來lai吧ba,基ji本ben上shang保bao持chi了le20%30%的(de)速(su)度(du),而(er)去(qu)年(nian)全(quan)球(qiu)經(jing)濟(ji)危(wei)機(ji)下(xia),全(quan)球(qiu)市(shi)場(chang)一(yi)片(pian)萎(wei)靡(mi),惟(wei)有(you)這(zhe)邊(bian)風(feng)景(jing)獨(du)好(hao),已(yi)經(jing)成(cheng)為(wei)世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)最(zui)大(da)的(de)汽(qi)車(che)消(xiao)費(fei)國(guo),城(cheng)市(shi)空(kong)氣(qi)的(de)汙(wu)染(ran)非(fei)常(chang)嚴(yan)重(zhong),油(you)價(jia)不(bu)斷(duan)再(zai)漲(zhang)老(lao)百(bai)姓(xing)意(yi)見(jian)很(hen)大(da),一(yi)係(xi)列(lie)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)。現(xian)在(zai)我(wo)們(men)什(shen)麼(me)水(shui)平(ping)呢(ne),現(xian)在(zai)100個人裏麵隻有5輛汽車,美國是100個人裏麵有80liangqiche,weilaizenmeyang,zheshixing。dangrandehua,womenxiulehenduodedaoluqiaoliang,womenguoliangnianjiuchaoguomeiguole,chengweidiyiwei。xianzaishuoyixiazhu,womenmeinianxingaidefangzi20億平方米左右,20億平方米是一個什麼概念,大家知道有加拿大這個國家,全國的建築麵積就是20億(yi)平(ping)方(fang)米(mi),相(xiang)當(dang)於(yu)每(mei)年(nian)蓋(gai)一(yi)個(ge)加(jia)拿(na)大(da),那(na)房(fang)子(zi)蓋(gai)完(wan)就(jiu)完(wan)了(le),但(dan)是(shi)不(bu)是(shi),北(bei)方(fang)要(yao)采(cai)暖(nuan),一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)夏(xia)天(tian)的(de)空(kong)調(tiao),一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)冬(dong)天(tian)的(de)采(cai)暖(nuan),未(wei)來(lai)長(chang)江(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)應(ying)該(gai)用(yong)什(shen)麼(me)樣(yang)的(de)采(cai)暖(nuan)技(ji)術(shu),這(zhe)不(bu)就(jiu)得(de)關(guan)注(zhu)啊(a),這(zhe)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)大(da)的(de)市(shi)場(chang),現(xian)在(zai)城(cheng)市(shi)居(ju)民(min)每(mei)家(jia)庭(ting)一(yi)台(tai)空(kong)調(tiao),我(wo)看(kan)身(shen)邊(bian)的(de)朋(peng)友(you)每(mei)家(jia)都(dou)有(you)兩(liang)三(san)台(tai)空(kong)調(tiao),那(na)城(cheng)市(shi)裏(li)麵(mian)夏(xia)季(ji)耗(hao)電(dian)30%甚至40%來自於空調,再比如照明,我們小時候是點煤油燈,現在每家家庭裏麵都有十幾個電燈。
現xian在zai的de話hua能neng源yuan漲zhang那na麼me快kuai,造zao成cheng那na麼me多duo問wen題ti,未wei來lai是shi不bu是shi就jiu好hao一yi些xie呢ne,未wei來lai不bu是shi,未wei來lai更geng加jia嚴yan峻jun,因yin為wei我wo們men很hen多duo的de東dong西xi都dou是shi我wo們men量liang非fei常chang大da,一yi攤tan到dao人ren均jun上shang非fei常chang小xiao,比bi如ru說shuo我wo們menGDP馬上就要超過日本,但是人均隻有3千美元,美國歐洲這些國家人均GDP都是4萬wan美mei元yuan左zuo右you,我wo們men仍reng然ran很hen窮qiong,我wo們men人ren均jun能neng源yuan消xiao費fei量liang才cai是shi美mei國guo的de五wu分fen之zhi一yi,原yuan來lai是shi八ba分fen之zhi一yi左zuo右you,我wo們men跟gen它ta差cha距ju還hai很hen大da,我wo們men現xian在zai人ren均jun能neng源yuan消xiao費fei量liang1.6噸到1.8噸標準煤,我們跟發達國家差距還非常大。正因為如此黨中央也提出了我們中國的發展目標,到2050nianwomenyaodadaozhongdengfadaguojiadeshuiping,shixianzhonghuaminzudeweidafuxing。womennengyuankendinghaiyaowangshangzhang,danshiwomenxiwangjingjihaizhangnamekuai,nengyuanzhangmanyidian,zhejiushiwomenjinhoujidairenyaonulidewenti。suoyizanmenguowuyuantichuleyaokexuedefazhan。dangrandehua,womendenengyuanzhangbiranmianlinhenduodeyueshu,birushuowomendeziyuankuifa,womenzishendeziyuankuifa,renjunchuliangfeichangdi,women08年28.5標準煤,占7%8%左zuo右you這zhe麼me一yi個ge水shui平ping,能neng源yuan往wang上shang漲zhang我wo們men的de又you不bu夠gou用yong,那na必bi然ran導dao致zhi能neng源yuan安an全quan的de問wen題ti。當dang然ran這zhe就jiu衍yan生sheng到dao國guo際ji大da大da小xiao小xiao的de戰zhan爭zheng,這zhe就jiu不bu展zhan開kai講jiang了le,但dan是shi能neng源yuan是shi我wo們men國guo家jia安an全quan一yi個ge重zhong要yao內nei容rong。再zai有you我wo們men麵mian臨lin大da的de問wen題ti是shi什shen麼me,我wo們men的de環huan境jing汙wu染ran越yue來lai越yue嚴yan重zhong,首shou先xian說shuo我wo們men國guo內nei的de汙wu染ran問wen題ti,我wo們men的de二er氧yang化hua硫liu,CUB粉塵,我們的錢越來越多了,但是我們環境越來越差,全世界20個汙染的城市,有16個就在中國,為什麼要排放那麼多的二氧化硫,核心問題還是能源,因為我們能源結構70%是煤,這就汙染非常嚴重,效率非常低,能源消費引起的二氧化硫排放量要占總排放量的80%甚至90%以(yi)上(shang),這(zhe)是(shi)咱(zan)們(men)自(zi)己(ji)的(de)區(qu)域(yu)汙(wu)染(ran),再(zai)有(you)就(jiu)是(shi)全(quan)人(ren)類(lei)的(de)。上(shang)午(wu)有(you)些(xie)專(zhuan)家(jia)給(gei)大(da)家(jia)講(jiang)了(le),全(quan)球(qiu)大(da)氣(qi)變(bian)暖(nuan)是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)我(wo)們(men)臭(chou)氧(yang)層(ceng)破(po)壞(huai)了(le),導(dao)致(zhi)溫(wen)度(du)不(bu)斷(duan)上(shang)升(sheng),對(dui)於(yu)人(ren)類(lei)的(de)生(sheng)存(cun)環(huan)境(jing)造(zao)成(cheng)巨(ju)大(da)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang),未(wei)來(lai)的(de)話(hua),我(wo)們(men)控(kong)製(zhi)目(mu)標(biao)是(shi)控(kong)製(zhi)升(sheng)高(gao)2度(du)以(yi)內(nei),那(na)也(ye)意(yi)味(wei)著(zhe)很(hen)多(duo)生(sheng)物(wu)品(pin)種(zhong)瀕(bin)臨(lin)滅(mie)絕(jue),很(hen)多(duo)島(dao)國(guo)就(jiu)沒(mei)了(le)。溫(wen)室(shi)氣(qi)體(ti)中(zhong)最(zui)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)是(shi)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan),核(he)心(xin)問(wen)題(ti)還(hai)是(shi)能(neng)源(yuan)問(wen)題(ti),因(yin)為(wei)我(wo)們(men)傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)是(shi)煤(mei)炭(tan)石(shi)油(you)天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi),基(ji)本(ben)的(de)元(yuan)素(su)解(jie)決(jue)碳(tan),一(yi)燒(shao)就(jiu)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan),每(mei)年(nian)全(quan)世(shi)界(jie)有(you)幾(ji)百(bai)億(yi)噸(dun)的(de)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)要(yao)排(pai)放(fang)到(dao)大(da)氣(qi)層(ceng),所(suo)以(yi)說(shuo)溫(wen)室(shi)氣(qi)體(ti)減(jian)排(pai)核(he)心(xin)問(wen)題(ti)還(hai)是(shi)能(neng)源(yuan)問(wen)題(ti),大(da)家(jia)知(zhi)道(dao)上(shang)午(wu)很(hen)多(duo)嘉(jia)賓(bin)都(dou)談(tan)了(le)哥(ge)本(ben)哈(ha)根(gen)會(hui)議(yi),《京都議定書》這zhe些xie背bei景jing,這zhe些xie就jiu不bu說shuo了le,總zong的de來lai說shuo我wo們men國guo家jia麵mian臨lin越yue來lai越yue大da的de國guo際ji政zheng治zhi壓ya力li,我wo們men越yue來lai越yue被bei動dong,在zai溫wen室shi氣qi體ti排pai放fang這zhe個ge問wen題ti上shang,麵mian臨lin越yue來lai越yue大da的de國guo際ji政zheng治zhi壓ya力li,所suo以yi說shuo我wo這zhe裏li做zuo一yi個ge小xiao的de總zong結jie,通tong過guo我wo這zhe麼me簡jian單dan的de介jie紹shao,大da家jia應ying該gai理li解jie,咱zan們men做zuo金jin融rong機ji構gou看kan能neng源yuan一yi定ding要yao跳tiao出chu能neng源yuan看kan能neng源yuan,能neng源yuan還hai牽qian涉she到dao經jing濟ji問wen題ti,環huan境jing問wen題ti,國guo際ji政zheng治zhi,外wai交jiao問wen題ti等deng等deng。
第(di)二(er)我(wo)們(men)未(wei)來(lai)能(neng)源(yuan)增(zeng)長(chang)的(de)趨(qu)勢(shi)是(shi)上(shang)升(sheng)的(de),這(zhe)麵(mian)臨(lin)我(wo)們(men)的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)安(an)全(quan)以(yi)及(ji)環(huan)境(jing)汙(wu)染(ran)這(zhe)幾(ji)個(ge)大(da)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),這(zhe)就(jiu)要(yao)求(qiu)我(wo)們(men)必(bi)須(xu)走(zou)出(chu)一(yi)條(tiao)可(ke)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)我(wo)們(men)的(de)任(ren)務(wu)就(jiu)是(shi)能(neng)不(bu)能(neng)以(yi)人(ren)均(jun)兩(liang)噸(dun)標(biao)準(zhun)煤(mei),如(ru)果(guo)做(zuo)不(bu)到(dao)這(zhe)點(dian),中(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族(zu)的(de)偉(wei)大(da)複(fu)興(xing)事(shi)業(ye)就(jiu)做(zuo)不(bu)了(le)。這(zhe)個(ge)就(jiu)是(shi)大(da)背(bei)景(jing),我(wo)們(men)國(guo)家(jia)是(shi)怎(zen)麼(me)推(tui)動(dong)這(zhe)項(xiang)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de),首(shou)先(xian)談(tan)一(yi)下(xia)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)定(ding)位(wei),我(wo)們(men)國(guo)家(jia)有(you)三(san)大(da)國(guo)策(ce),控(kong)製(zhi)人(ren)口(kou)、節jie約yue能neng源yuan,保bao護hu環huan境jing,其qi中zhong兩liang個ge是shi圍wei繞rao能neng源yuan,此ci外wai把ba改gai革ge開kai放fang也ye作zuo為wei一yi個ge基ji本ben國guo策ce,但dan是shi那na個ge比bi較jiao虛xu。十shi一yi五wu期qi間jian我wo們men提ti出chu了le節jie能neng減jian排pai約yue束shu性xing的de指zhi標biao,就jiu是shi單dan位weiGDP的能耗降低20%左右,主要汙染物降低10%,womenyuanlaitandejienengjianpaimeiyoubatabaohanjinlai,danshiwomendangshimeiyoubaeryanghuatannarujinlai,xianzaiguojizhengzhihushengzhemegao,quniandicaibaeryanghuatandemubiaotichu,womenshiyiwudemubiaoshizuoweigejizhengfuheqiyefuzerendekaohe,womenmeiniandouqukaohe,woguoquliangnianxiangjukaohelejiugesheng,xidejiubushuole,gegedifangduijienengjianpaizhongshichengdubiyuanlaigaodeduo,liduyedadeduo,ciwaihaiyouhenduohaodelinian,ditanjingjidengdeng,zhexielinianhexindeneirongshishenme,jiushijienengjianpai,buguanjiaoshenmeci,hexinneirongjiuzhexiedongxi,zhegeshiwomenshiyiwudemubiao,xianzaiwomenzhengzaiyanjiushierwudejiushijienengjianpaideguihuahemubiao。
guojiazenmetuidongzhexianggongzuo,woguinalejigefangmian,qishifagaiweizuoweijienengjianpaidezhuguanbumen,guoqudezhexienianshangbaoguowuyuandewenjianlimianyouhenduozhijiehejianjie,xindezhengceyezaibuduandechutai,bazhexiezhengceguinaweijigesilu,yishiyifalaituidong,dajiazhidaoxianzaidexiudingkezaishengnengyuanfa,zheshi06年出台的,08年4月份我們正式實施修訂了節約能源法,同時還出台了《循環經濟促進法》,還有08nianhaichutailelianggeguowuyuandetiaoli,ciwaiwomenduijishizhonggongyechanpinzhidinglezuidinenghaobiaozhun,haiyouzhaomingshebei,qichedouzhidingzuidinenghaobiaozhun,jiushicongyuantouzhuaqi,nidabudaozhegebiaozhunjiuburangnishengchan,zheshitongguoyifatuidong。diergeshitongguowomendecaizheng,youhuatiaozhengwomendechanyejiegou,lianggedadefangxiang,yigedadefangxiangjiushiduiyuxinshangdexiangmu,zhegeyinweijienengjianpaigegelingyu,gegexingyedoushejidao,duiyuxinshangdexiangmuyaojiaqiangkongzhi,yaocongjienengjianpaidejiaodu,zhengzaiyanjiuzhidinggudingzichantouzixiangmudepingshen,dajiazhidaoyouyigehuanjingpingjia,yihouzaihuanjingpingjiazhiqianyaoyouyigeyipiaofoujuedezhidu,zhegejiushicongyuantouzhuaqi,zaiyouduijiyoudezheyikuai,taotailuohouchanneng,womenshiyiwuqijianbazhexierenwudoufenjiechulai,zaiyoujiushijiaqiangjiyouxiangmudejienenggaizaogongzuo,tongshizaizheyikuaidajiayaoguanzhuyigezhongyaodezhengce,jiushiwomendechanyejiegoutiaozhengzhidaomulu,xianzaizhengzaixiuding,zhegeduiyugegexingyedouyaogaoduguanzhudeyigemulu,zhelimianfenlexianzhilei,taotaileidengdeng,zheshizuimingquedefangxiang。disangesilushitongguojingjishouduan,tongguoshichangshouduanlaijianlijienengjianpaidejizhi,shouxianzaijiageshangwomenhaibuwanshan,baokuowomenziyuanshuidegaige,nengyuanshui,huanjingshuidengdengxianzaidouzaitantao,haiyoubutongxingyedechabiedianjia,duiyugaowurandexingyedoushikaoxingzhengshouduan,yihouyaokaojingjishouduan,ciwaiwomenxianzaifagaiweiyezhengzaiyanjiuzhidingjietidianjiadewenti,zhuyaoshikaolvdaoziyuanmianqianrenrenpingdeng,yinweiwozaidifangshang,woyelejiehenduoshanqulaobaixinghenkuhenku,yijiayongbulejishidudian,tongshiyouxiebieshuyinianyongjiqiandudian,yihoudehuazhegeyeyaoyanjiuzhiding,ciwaizainengyuanjiagefangmian,womenduifengdianshuidiandouyouyixiedianjiadebutie,jiushiduinengyuanjiageyaoyouyigewanshan,zheshituidongjienengjianpaizuigenbende。ciwaijiushinengyuanfeiyongfangmian,birushuowomenbeifangrefeianzhaomianjishou,ciwaijiushiranyoushui,henduorenyezaitantaowuyeshui,nishuolaobaixingzhuhaofangzi,kaihaoqiche,zheshiyinggaide,laobaixingshenghuoshuipingtigaole,nizhengfubugai,danshiyihoudesilushirangnimaideqiyongbuqi,xianzaihenduochemaileshibushiyongde,zenmekongzhi,jiushirangtamaideqiyongbuqi,ranyoushuishiyigesilu,zaiyoujiushiwuyeshui,xiangmeiguokongzhifangzikongzhibuqide,zheshiyihoudequshi,baokuotingcheweiyeshi,zaiyouyigefangmian,womenzhidinglehenduodeyouhuizhengce,zhegeyouhuizhengcewoxiamianyaogeidajiajiangyigebutieshuishoujianmian。
就jiu是shi進jin出chu口kou稅shui額e的de政zheng策ce,這zhe是shi一yi個ge激ji勵li政zheng策ce,我wo們men現xian在zai每mei年nian出chu口kou那na麼me多duo,但dan是shi我wo們men出chu口kou都dou是shi低di端duan產chan品pin,我wo們men現xian在zai絕jue大da部bu分fen利li潤run是shi讓rang外wai國guo人ren賺zhuan了le,然ran後hou消xiao耗hao了le咱zan們men的de資zi源yuan,汙wu染ran咱zan們men的de環huan境jing,我wo們men每mei年nian有you30%的資源相當於出口,最後反過來利潤還讓外國人賺了,然後你的貿易順差太大了,人民幣應該升值,現在升值20%,並(bing)且(qie)還(hai)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)什(shen)麼(me)前(qian)提(ti)呢(ne),國(guo)家(jia)出(chu)口(kou)退(tui)稅(shui)鼓(gu)勵(li)你(ni)出(chu)口(kou),首(shou)先(xian)要(yao)減(jian)免(mian),然(ran)後(hou)要(yao)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)控(kong)製(zhi)住(zhu),特(te)別(bie)是(shi)兩(liang)高(gao)資(zi)源(yuan)性(xing)的(de)產(chan)品(pin),咱(zan)們(men)在(zai)座(zuo)的(de)期(qi)貨(huo)投(tou)資(zi)一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)關(guan)注(zhu)。我(wo)們(men)的(de)優(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)可(ke)以(yi)說(shuo)是(shi)分(fen)幾(ji)大(da)類(lei),一(yi)大(da)類(lei)是(shi)財(cai)政(zheng)補(bu)貼(tie),還(hai)有(you)稅(shui)收(shou)減(jian)免(mian),還(hai)有(you)政(zheng)府(fu)采(cai)購(gou),還(hai)有(you)能(neng)源(yuan)補(bu)貼(tie)。財(cai)政(zheng)補(bu)貼(tie)我(wo)們(men)是(shi)要(yao)求(qiu)從(cong)中(zhong)央(yang)到(dao)地(di)方(fang)都(dou)要(yao)設(she)立(li)專(zhuan)項(xiang)基(ji)金(jin),我(wo)們(men)新(xin)增(zeng)4萬億明確提出有2萬wan億yi用yong於yu節jie能neng減jian排pai,每mei年nian我wo們men還hai要yao去qu各ge個ge省sheng考kao核he的de,這zhe個ge就jiu是shi對dui節jie能neng減jian排pai這zhe個ge市shi場chang的de拉la動dong,出chu了le很hen多duo優you惠hui政zheng策ce,再zai有you就jiu是shi稅shui收shou減jian免mian。獎jiang勵li補bu貼tie一yi個ge就jiu是shi節jie能neng改gai造zao的de資zi金jin,我wo們men圍wei繞rao鍋guo爐lu窯yao爐lu,綠lv色se照zhao明ming,建jian築zhu節jie能neng,公gong共gong建jian築zhu節jie能neng等deng等deng我wo們men基ji於yu改gai造zao後hou支zhi持chi,這zhe是shi極ji大da的de拉la動dong了le節jie能neng減jian排pai,此ci外wai我wo們men國guo家jia還hai有you資zi源yuan節jie約yue環huan境jing保bao護hu的de,這zhe個ge主zhu要yao按an照zhao增zeng量liang投tou資zi給gei你ni補bu貼tie,我wo剛gang才cai說shuo的de那na個ge是shi按an照zhao節jie能neng量liang補bu貼tie,這zhe個ge對dui我wo們men節jie能neng改gai造zao,節jie水shui改gai造zao一yi係xi列lie領ling域yu都dou有you相xiang關guan的de補bu貼tie政zheng策ce,這zhe個ge不bu詳xiang細xi說shuo了le,再zai有you我wo們men高gao效xiao照zhao明ming產chan品pin的de推tui廣guang,我wo們men節jie能neng燈deng,我wo們men是shi補bu貼tie30%到50%,在北京1塊錢買一個節能燈,在很多省現在都有了,現在08年就有6千多萬支,09是1億多支,早已經超過了,所以這個市場非常大,再有我們節能新能源的汽車,09年2月份我們四部委在13chengshilaituiguangjienengxinnengyuanqiche,baokuohunhedongli,ranliaodianchiqichegeiyuyidingdebutie,zheyeladonglexinnengyuanjienengqichedefazhan,zaiyoujiushijienengchanpindehuimingongcheng,xianzaizaiyiyichutai,yaochutaileisiyugaoxiaozhaomingchanpin,yinweijienengchanpingui,laobaixingbuyuanyimaizenmeban,guojiabutiedaidongzhegeshichang,xianchutaijiushikongtiao,duiyujienengdekongtiao,womenmeitaikongtiaobutie300塊錢到500塊(kuai)錢(qian),以(yi)後(hou)我(wo)們(men)還(hai)要(yao)對(dui)十(shi)大(da)類(lei)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)出(chu)台(tai)優(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce),此(ci)外(wai)在(zai)北(bei)京(jing)節(jie)能(neng)采(cai)暖(nuan)設(she)備(bei)也(ye)有(you)補(bu)貼(tie),還(hai)有(you)就(jiu)是(shi)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)這(zhe)一(yi)塊(kuai)有(you)些(xie)項(xiang)目(mu)補(bu)貼(tie),還(hai)有(you)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)光(guang)電(dian)應(ying)用(yong),還(hai)有(you)我(wo)們(men)國(guo)家(jia)發(fa)改(gai)委(wei)和(he)財(cai)政(zheng)部(bu)組(zu)織(zhi)的(de)金(jin)太(tai)陽(yang)工(gong)程(cheng),還(hai)有(you)可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)的(de)應(ying)用(yong),以(yi)城(cheng)市(shi)級(ji)來(lai)報(bao),或(huo)者(zhe)以(yi)示(shi)範(fan)縣(xian)來(lai)上(shang)報(bao)這(zhe)些(xie)項(xiang)目(mu),很(hen)多(duo)很(hen)多(duo),此(ci)外(wai)還(hai)有(you)一(yi)些(xie)就(jiu)不(bu)詳(xiang)細(xi)說(shuo)的(de),再(zai)有(you)就(jiu)是(shi)稅(shui)收(shou)減(jian)免(mian),稅(shui)收(shou)減(jian)免(mian)對(dui)一(yi)個(ge)行(xing)業(ye)對(dui)一(yi)個(ge)企(qi)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)來(lai)講(jiang)影(ying)響(xiang)更(geng)大(da),大(da)家(jia)可(ke)以(yi)關(guan)注(zhu)幾(ji)個(ge)文(wen)件(jian),第(di)一(yi)個(ge)就(jiu)是(shi)關(guan)於(yu)資(zi)源(yuan)綜(zong)合(he)利(li)用(yong)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)減(jian)免(mian)稅(shui),這(zhe)涉(she)及(ji)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)行(xing)業(ye)很(hen)多(duo)。再(zai)有(you)就(jiu)是(shi)幾(ji)個(ge)目(mu)錄(lu),一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)資(zi)源(yuan)綜(zong)合(he)所(suo)得(de)稅(shui)目(mu)錄(lu),此(ci)外(wai)還(hai)有(you)節(jie)能(neng)節(jie)水(shui)專(zhuan)用(yong)設(she)備(bei)的(de)減(jian)免(mian),對(dui)於(yu)這(zhe)些(xie)項(xiang)目(mu),包(bao)括(kuo)城(cheng)市(shi)汙(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li),垃(la)圾(ji)處(chu)理(li)等(deng)等(deng),再(zai)有(you)沼(zhao)氣(qi)工(gong)程(cheng),還(hai)有(you)一(yi)係(xi)列(lie)的(de)節(jie)能(neng)改(gai)造(zao),還(hai)有(you)海(hai)水(shui)淡(dan)化(hua),對(dui)於(yu)這(zhe)些(xie)項(xiang)目(mu)如(ru)果(guo)符(fu)合(he)要(yao)求(qiu)就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)享(xiang)受(shou)企(qi)業(ye)所(suo)得(de)稅(shui)的(de)優(you)惠(hui)。
我(wo)剛(gang)才(cai)說(shuo)的(de)這(zhe)些(xie)經(jing)濟(ji)激(ji)勵(li)政(zheng)策(ce)推(tui)動(dong)我(wo)們(men)的(de)節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)排(pai),再(zai)有(you)就(jiu)是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)一(yi)些(xie)細(xi)機(ji)製(zhi),比(bi)如(ru)說(shuo)我(wo)們(men)搞(gao)的(de)合(he)同(tong)能(neng)源(yuan)管(guan)理(li),我(wo)們(men)扶(fu)持(chi)一(yi)批(pi)專(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)的(de)節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)排(pai)公(gong)司(si)來(lai)做(zuo)節(jie)能(neng)業(ye)務(wu),它(ta)拿(na)技(ji)術(shu),省(sheng)下(xia)的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)費(fei)用(yong)他(ta)跟(gen)你(ni)分(fen),這(zhe)種(zhong)節(jie)能(neng)服(fu)務(wu)公(gong)司(si),現(xian)在(zai)節(jie)能(neng)服(fu)務(wu)公(gong)司(si)的(de)商(shang)業(ye)模(mo)式(shi)也(ye)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)了(le),大(da)概(gai)的(de)概(gai)念(nian)講(jiang)這(zhe)麼(me)一(yi)下(xia),這(zhe)個(ge)市(shi)場(chang)我(wo)們(men)每(mei)年(nian)都(dou)要(yao)做(zuo)一(yi)些(xie)調(tiao)查(zha)。再(zai)有(you)就(jiu)是(shi)CDM項目,叫做清潔發展機製,因為全球有溫室氣體減排的目標,像原來簽訂《京都議定書》deguojiabixuyaojianpai,tayouzhegezeren,danshitamendechengbenhengao,xianzaikeyitongguotanpaifangzhibiaomaimai,ouzhoutamenyouhenduodejigouyuce。zaiyouguoqudeyinianzanmenzaiduiwujianshewanshanlebushao,baokuozhongjiejigoudengdeng,baokuozhengfudebumen,shenzhiwomenyaoqiuzhongdiandeqiyeyaozhuanmensheliguanligangwei,womenyihouyaofazheng,zheyikuaiyezaijiaqiang。ranhoujienengjianpaidezhengcehaihenduohenduo,jiubuxiangxishuole。
再(zai)談(tan)一(yi)下(xia)節(jie)能(neng)減(jian)排(pai)跟(gen)低(di)碳(tan)經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)關(guan)係(xi),什(shen)麼(me)叫(jiao)做(zuo)低(di)碳(tan)經(jing)濟(ji),什(shen)麼(me)叫(jiao)做(zuo)循(xun)環(huan)經(jing)濟(ji),什(shen)麼(me)叫(jiao)做(zuo)綠(lv)色(se)經(jing)濟(ji),大(da)家(jia)都(dou)在(zai)說(shuo)這(zhe)幾(ji)個(ge)概(gai)念(nian),第(di)一(yi)要(yao)節(jie)約(yue)資(zi)源(yuan),包(bao)括(kuo)能(neng)源(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)、水資源、土tu資zi源yuan,包bao括kuo保bao護hu我wo們men大da氣qi環huan境jing,要yao做zuo到dao可ke持chi續xu發fa展zhan,那na什shen麼me叫jiao做zuo低di碳tan,低di碳tan的de話hua就jiu是shi我wo隻zhi要yao是shi排pai放fang的de二er氧yang化hua碳tan少shao一yi些xie,這zhe就jiu是shi低di碳tan。怎zen麼me實shi現xian低di碳tan,你ni少shao用yong化hua學xue燃ran料liao,去qu節jie約yue化hua學xue燃ran料liao就jiu是shi低di碳tan,再zai有you優you化hua能neng源yuan結jie構gou,比bi如ru說shuo煤mei是shi高gao碳tan的de,水shui電dian就jiu不bu含han碳tan,你ni通tong過guo這zhe兩liang個ge措cuo施shi讓rang它ta少shao排pai放fang二er氧yang化hua碳tan,再zai有you就jiu是shi排pai放fang的de二er氧yang化hua碳tan收shou回hui來lai,我wo多duo種zhong樹shu,再zai有you搞gaoCCX,就是這麼一個理,那什麼叫做低碳經濟就隻能這麼說。
再說一下我們溫室氣體的排放目標,到2020年要比05年下降45%,核心問題是什麼,是降低化學燃料的消耗量,因為我們化學燃料肯定還要漲,但是我們讓它漲慢一點。再有就是節能,再有10%貢gong獻xian度du來lai自zi於yu開kai發fa新xin能neng源yuan,然ran後hou碳tan捕bu捉zhuo利li用yong,因yin為wei近jin期qi不bu可ke能neng發fa揮hui太tai大da的de效xiao果guo,但dan是shi這zhe也ye是shi一yi個ge方fang向xiang,這zhe就jiu是shi實shi現xian這zhe個ge目mu標biao的de圖tu,從cong具ju體ti的de來lai說shuo,我wo們men怎zen麼me實shi現xian,我wo們men跟gen我wo們men的de產chan業ye布bu局ju密mi切qie相xiang關guan,我wo們men三san大da產chan業ye,如ru果guo我wo們men都dou是shi按an照zhao高gao耗hao能neng產chan業ye那na麼me發fa展zhan那na肯ken定ding不bu行xing,包bao括kuo三san產chan之zhi間jian,要yao發fa展zhan新xin型xing的de高gao科ke技ji的de這zhe些xie產chan業ye,單dan位weiGDP能neng耗hao低di。再zai有you就jiu是shi從cong消xiao費fei角jiao度du來lai說shuo,我wo們men的de商shang用yong,民min用yong,交jiao通tong要yao加jia強qiang,此ci外wai城cheng市shi規gui劃hua要yao合he理li,再zai有you就jiu是shi對dui城cheng市shi的de能neng源yuan結jie構gou要yao有you優you化hua天tian然ran氣qi石shi油you這zhe一yi塊kuai怎zen麼me快kuai速su發fa展zhan,還hai有you新xin能neng源yuan,當dang然ran你ni要yao考kao慮lv成cheng本ben,別bie跟gen風feng走zou。此ci外wai對dui於yu增zeng量liang和he存cun量liang的de關guan係xi, 我們對增量要做到高起點,高標準,對於存量要改造,該淘汰要淘汰。
再zai說shuo一yi些xie主zhu要yao的de投tou資zi市shi場chang,聽ting了le我wo的de報bao告gao,大da家jia如ru果guo對dui這zhe一yi塊kuai想xiang了le解jie,大da家jia一yi定ding要yao了le解jie能neng源yuan係xi統tong,比bi如ru說shuo我wo們men現xian在zai在zai蓋gai一yi個ge商shang業ye樓lou,我wo們men用yong的de電dian是shi商shang用yong電dian,比bi如ru說shuo空kong調tiao,它ta為wei什shen麼me給gei咱zan們men熱re,給gei咱zan們men冷leng,就jiu是shi耗hao電dian,電dian從cong哪na裏li來lai,從cong電dian場chang來lai,從cong煤mei炭tan燒shao火huo發fa出chu來lai,每mei個ge環huan節jie都dou有you很hen大da節jie約yue的de空kong間jian,你ni簡jian單dan說shuo一yi個ge空kong調tiao,空kong調tiao50%的(de)電(dian)都(dou)用(yong)在(zai)風(feng)機(ji)水(shui)泵(beng)上(shang),你(ni)把(ba)這(zhe)一(yi)塊(kuai)節(jie)約(yue)是(shi)完(wan)全(quan)可(ke)能(neng)的(de),這(zhe)就(jiu)是(shi)你(ni)的(de)投(tou)資(zi)市(shi)場(chang),很(hen)多(duo)領(ling)域(yu)都(dou)存(cun)在(zai)節(jie)能(neng)的(de)空(kong)間(jian)。這(zhe)是(shi)我(wo)們(men)高(gao)耗(hao)能(neng)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)國(guo)際(ji)比(bi)較(jiao),單(dan)位(wei)產(chan)品(pin)能(neng)耗(hao),可(ke)以(yi)說(shuo)我(wo)們(men)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)確(que)實(shi)在(zai)進(jin)步(bu),但(dan)是(shi)我(wo)們(men)跟(gen)發(fa)達(da)國(guo)家(jia)一(yi)比(bi),仍(reng)然(ran)有(you)十(shi)幾(ji)個(ge)點(dian),甚(shen)至(zhi)五(wu)六(liu)十(shi)個(ge)點(dian)的(de)差(cha)距(ju)。還(hai)有(you)我(wo)們(men)的(de)建(jian)築(zhu)節(jie)能(neng),我(wo)們(men)鍋(guo)爐(lu)房(fang)是(shi)60%,人家是80%,還hai有you單dan位wei麵mian積ji的de耗hao電dian量liang,特te別bie是shi北bei京jing上shang海hai這zhe樣yang的de樓lou特te別bie多duo,上shang海hai現xian在zai抓zhua節jie能neng減jian排pai重zhong點dian就jiu在zai那na些xie樓lou。再zai有you就jiu是shi交jiao通tong節jie能neng,交jiao通tong節jie能neng大da家jia應ying該gai關guan注zhu電dian力li汽qi車che,混hun合he動dong力li電dian車che,還hai有you關guan注zhu電dian池chi產chan業ye,還hai有you我wo們men的de供gong電dian,我wo們men有you很hen多duo高gao效xiao的de發fa電dian設she施shi,還hai有you可ke再zai生sheng能neng源yuan發fa電dian,還hai有you餘yu熱re發fa電dian,熱re電dian冷leng聯lian供gong,還hai有you北bei方fang地di區qu的de節jie能neng熱re網wang,樓lou宇yu這zhe一yi塊kuai,空kong調tiao係xi統tong的de控kong製zhi。此ci外wai我wo們men現xian在zai正zheng在zai研yan究jiu製zhi定ding節jie能neng環huan保bao產chan業ye規gui劃hua,這zhe是shi我wo參can與yu的de一yi個ge事shi,有you很hen多duo重zhong大da的de節jie能neng技ji術shu裝zhuang備bei,以yi及ji節jie能neng的de產chan品pin,就jiu不bu詳xiang細xi說shuo了le。此ci外wai大da家jia要yao關guan注zhu的de一yi個ge領ling域yu就jiu是shi新xin能neng源yuan和he可ke再zai生sheng能neng源yuan,現xian在zai光guang電dian是shi在zai快kuai速su發fa展zhan,地di熱re也ye在zai快kuai速su發fa展zhan。
再簡單介紹一下主要行業的政策導向,鋼鐵08年的時候我們粗鋼是6.6億噸,需求是5億噸左右,水泥的話我們08年的產能是18.7億噸,再加上別的產能已經達到27億噸,但是市場需求16yidun,pingbanbolihaiyoumeihuagonghaiyouduojinggui,duojingguizhegedongxizanmendoushuofazhankezaishengnengyuan,nishuoduojingguishikezaishengnengyuanma?bushikezaishengnengyuan,danshiyouhenduodifangzhengfubaduojingguizuoweiyigegaokeji,danshiduojingguiyinweijishugenbushang,womenxiaohaonagedian,nitaiyangnengfayibeiziyefabule,dangranxianzaizhegexingyeyezaifazhan,jishuyezaijinbu,zhegeshichanghenmangmude,zheshiyaozhuyideyixieshi。womenguojiayezhidinglexiangguanchanyedaoxiang。baokuowomenzanmenjinrongzheyikuai,niyihouxindaitouzidouyaoyoukongzhi。
談tan一yi下xia節jie能neng減jian排pai的de進jin展zhan,經jing過guo這zhe些xie年nian的de,國guo家jia為wei了le推tui動dong節jie能neng減jian排pai從cong法fa律lv的de,經jing濟ji的de出chu台tai了le一yi係xi列lie的de混hun合he拳quan,也ye取qu得de了le一yi定ding的de成cheng效xiao,去qu年nian上shang半ban年nian我wo們men單dan位weiGDP降低了13%左右,5年的任務是多少,5年是20%,三年半完成了13%也不錯了,今年是最後一年,因為總理的承諾今年20%的任務需要各方,包括金融機構在內大家積極推動來完成這個任務和指標。
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