遞恩電氣在水泥製造行業,某些功率大、且連續運行的設備耗電量高是水泥製造成本高居不下的一個重要因素。據統計在水泥製造成本中電費成本約占總成本的30%左右,因此很有必要通過對相應耗電量大的設備做一些工藝上的節能改造,利用節電的效果來降低水泥的製造成本、提高經營上的利潤空間和市場競爭力。
diendianqitongguolejieshuinizhizaogongyi,jiduiyixieshuinichangshengchanshebeideshijikaocha,dabufenshuinichangdeyixieshebeiyouqishiyixiedagonglvshebeizaishengchanguochengzhongjuedabufenshijiandoushibumanfuhe,設備運行的自動化程度相當低,幾乎完全靠人工調節,如機立窯供風係統、成球預加水係統、生料均化給料係統、水泥選粉係統、機ji立li窯yao卸xie料liao係xi統tong等deng。普pu傳chuan公gong司si和he天tian馬ma水shui泥ni有you限xian公gong司si的de工gong程cheng技ji術shu人ren員yuan通tong過guo對dui以yi上shang係xi統tong的de長chang期qi跟gen蹤zong研yan究jiu,並bing結jie合he改gai造zao幾ji十shi條tiao水shui泥ni生sheng產chan線xian的de實shi踐jian經jing驗yan,開kai發fa出chu比bi較jiao成cheng熟shu的de水shui泥ni廠chang五wu大da生sheng產chan係xi統tong變bian頻pin調tiao速su控kong製zhi的de改gai造zao方fang案an,此ci方fang案an投tou資zi少shao,安an裝zhuang、調試及控製方便,運行可靠,節電效果明顯,並提高了生產過程的自動化程度和加工工藝精度,受到水泥製造行業的歡迎。
某泥製造有限公司共有三條水泥生產線,遞恩電氣從2002年四月份開始對一台132 kW 選粉風機進行變頻改造,經過一段時間的測試證明節能效果特別明顯 ,所以從去年下半年年開始,陸續對立窯上的送風機(245 kW一台,215kW兩台)、選粉機、選粉風機及盤塔送料等電機進行了變頻改造,至今已投資約130萬元,改造了從1.5KW到250 KW大小共130taidianji。gaizaohoudeshijiceshiqingkuangzhengmingzaijigeyuedeshijianlikaojieyuededianfeijiushouhuizhengtitouzi,zaiyihoudeshengchanjingyingzhongyenenggouyijiaodideshengchanchengbenzaishichangdejingzhengzhongchuyugengyoulideweizhi。xiamianjiugaishuinizhizaoyouxiangongsidegaizaoqingkuanglaifenxishangshugexitongbianpingaizaofangandeshijixiaoguo。
一、遞恩電氣機立窯供風係統係統變頻改造裝置
該(gai)水(shui)泥(ni)有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司(si)像(xiang)其(qi)它(ta)的(de)老(lao)水(shui)泥(ni)企(qi)業(ye)一(yi)樣(yang),機(ji)立(li)窯(yao)供(gong)風(feng)係(xi)統(tong)是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)調(tiao)節(jie)擋(dang)風(feng)板(ban)的(de)開(kai)啟(qi)角(jiao)度(du)的(de)落(luo)後(hou)的(de)機(ji)械(xie)調(tiao)節(jie)方(fang)法(fa)來(lai)滿(man)足(zu)燒(shao)結(jie)時(shi)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)用(yong)風(feng)量(liang),這(zhe)種(zhong)操(cao)作(zuo)方(fang)式(shi)的(de)缺(que)點(dian)是(shi)明(ming)顯(xian)的(de):1、電能浪費嚴重;2、調節精度差;3、啟動電流對電網衝擊大;4、電機及風機的轉速高,負荷強度重;5、起動時機械衝擊大,設備使用壽命低;6、噪(zao)聲(sheng)大(da),粉(fen)塵(chen)汙(wu)染(ran)嚴(yan)重(zhong)等(deng)。改(gai)造(zao)後(hou)的(de)變(bian)頻(pin)供(gong)風(feng)係(xi)統(tong)是(shi)在(zai)保(bao)留(liu)原(yuan)供(gong)風(feng)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)增(zeng)加(jia)一(yi)套(tao)變(bian)頻(pin)回(hui)路(lu)與(yu)原(yuan)回(hui)路(lu)並(bing)聯(lian),形(xing)成(cheng)雙(shuang)回(hui)路(lu)可(ke)轉(zhuan)換(huan)控(kong)製(zhi)係(xi)統(tong),並(bing)將(jiang)變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)的(de)調(tiao)速(su)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)安(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)窯(yao)上(shang),通(tong)過(guo)調(tiao)節(jie)電(dian)機(ji)(風機)的轉速來調節燒結時的用風量。其特點:1、節電效果好(由於電機消耗的功率跟電機轉速的三次方成正比,改造後電機大部分時間運行在35-40Hz左右既可滿足用風量,節電率大於百分之二十);2、具有軟起功能,降低負荷強度,延長設備使用壽命,啟動電流小,相當於增加電網容量;3、調節風量精度準確、方便;4、無需旁通放風,減少水泥粉塵汙染等。改造後的測試結果見表一。
(表一)立窯送風機變頻改造節能效果分析表

二、成球供水係統
生料成球工序是影響水泥熟料燒結質量的關鍵工序之一,其中水、liaobilizhijieyingxiangchengqiuhaohuai。yingyongbianpinqihounengtongguogenzongshengliaogonggeiliangduichengqiuyujiashuibengdezhuansujinxingwujitiaosu,congershixianquanzidonghuadebihuankongzhi,liaoshuipeihewending,chengqiuxiaoguolianghao,dadatigaoshuinishaojiezhiliang。cixitonggaizaozhuyaoweitigaozidonghuachengduhezhizaogongyishuipingkaolv,youyugonglvjiaoxiaoshengdianxiaoguohaizaiqici。
三、生料均化給料係統
cixitongyongbianpingaizaohou,jiangsuoyousongliaokouchudesongliaodianjiyongbianpinqijinxingtongbuwujitiaosu,dengbilisongliao,tigaojunhuaxiaoguo,cidianyeshicongzhizaogongyijiaodukaolv。
四、水泥選粉係統
shuinixuanfenxitongdegongzuoyuanlishigenjusuoshengchandeshuinidebiaohaodebutong,tiaojiexuanfenjihexuanfenfengjidezhuansu,congerxuanchubutongxidudeshuinizhipin。laoshixuanfenjiyaotiaozhengfengjizhoushangdeshanyedeshulianghejiaodu,jingguoduibishiyandadaosuoyaoqiudexuanfenxidu;新(xin)式(shi)選(xuan)粉(fen)係(xi)統(tong)分(fen)選(xuan)粉(fen)機(ji)和(he)選(xuan)粉(fen)風(feng)機(ji)兩(liang)部(bu)分(fen),選(xuan)粉(fen)機(ji)由(you)滑(hua)差(cha)電(dian)機(ji)調(tiao)速(su),選(xuan)粉(fen)風(feng)機(ji)靠(kao)調(tiao)節(jie)擋(dang)風(feng)板(ban)角(jiao)度(du)調(tiao)節(jie)用(yong)風(feng)量(liang)。這(zhe)兩(liang)種(zhong)係(xi)統(tong)都(dou)存(cun)在(zai)操(cao)作(zuo)工(gong)藝(yi)複(fu)雜(za)、調節精度差、浪(lang)費(fei)電(dian)能(neng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)的(de)缺(que)點(dian),特(te)別(bie)是(shi)滑(hua)差(cha)點(dian)機(ji)不(bu)但(dan)費(fei)電(dian),由(you)於(yu)水(shui)泥(ni)製(zhi)造(zao)環(huan)境(jing)粉(fen)塵(chen)嚴(yan)重(zhong),因(yin)此(ci)滑(hua)差(cha)頭(tou)骨(gu)脹(zhang)率(lv)特(te)別(bie)高(gao),維(wei)修(xiu)困(kun)難(nan)。變(bian)頻(pin)改(gai)造(zao)後(hou),不(bu)管(guan)是(shi)老(lao)式(shi)係(xi)統(tong)還(hai)是(shi)新(xin)式(shi)係(xi)統(tong),隻(zhi)要(yao)將(jiang)電(dian)機(ji)調(tiao)節(jie)到(dao)一(yi)個(ge)特(te)定(ding)的(de)轉(zhuan)速(su)就(jiu)能(neng)選(xuan)出(chu)所(suo)需(xu)要(yao)的(de)細(xi)度(du)的(de)顆(ke)粒(li),在(zai)節(jie)約(yue)電(dian)能(neng)的(de)同(tong)時(shi)還(hai)做(zuo)到(dao)了(le)連(lian)續(xu)化(hua)、自動化生產,既提高了勞動效率,又降低了勞動強度,綜合效益明顯。(具體測試結果見表二)
( 表二)選粉風機變頻改造節能效果分析表

五、立窯卸料係統
為使水泥燒結過程中加料、供風、卸料三平衡,立窯普遍采用滑差電機(電磁調速電機)做(zuo)為(wei)盤(pan)塔(ta)式(shi)卸(xie)料(liao)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)動(dong)力(li),該(gai)電(dian)機(ji)不(bu)但(dan)防(fang)護(hu)等(deng)級(ji)滿(man)足(zu)不(bu)了(le)水(shui)泥(ni)生(sheng)產(chan)現(xian)場(chang)環(huan)境(jing)的(de)需(xu)要(yao),而(er)且(qie)在(zai)相(xiang)同(tong)輸(shu)出(chu)轉(zhuan)速(su)的(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)消(xiao)耗(hao)的(de)功(gong)率(lv)也(ye)比(bi)係(xi)列(lie)電(dian)機(ji)高(gao)出(chu)百(bai)分(fen)之(zhi)二(er)十(shi)左(zuo)右(you),在(zai)降(jiang)低(di)轉(zhuan)速(su)時(shi)相(xiang)差(cha)更(geng)多(duo),因(yin)此(ci)采(cai)用(yong)變(bian)頻(pin)調(tiao)速(su)係(xi)統(tong)代(dai)替(ti)滑(hua)差(cha)調(tiao)速(su)後(hou),解(jie)決(jue)以(yi)上(shang)所(suo)訴(su)的(de)缺(que)點(dian),且(qie)調(tiao)速(su)性(xing)能(neng)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高(gao)於(yu)滑(hua)差(cha)調(tiao)速(su)電(dian)機(ji),在(zai)節(jie)電(dian)的(de)同(tong)時(shi)維(wei)修(xiu)費(fei)用(yong)也(ye)大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低(di),在(zai)各(ge)行(xing)業(ye)得(de)到(dao)普(pu)遍(bian)應(ying)用(yong)。
(表三)卸料係統變頻改造效果分析

應ying用yong變bian頻pin器qi對dui可ke以yi調tiao速su的de電dian機ji進jin行xing控kong製zhi,在zai節jie約yue大da量liang電dian能neng的de同tong時shi,還hai具ju有you軟ruan起qi功gong能neng,同tong時shi降jiang低di了le電dian機ji的de起qi動dong電dian流liu和he運yun行xing電dian流liu,降jiang低di整zheng個ge電dian力li係xi統tong和he機ji械xie係xi統tong啟qi動dong和he工gong作zuo時shi的de負fu荷he強qiang度du,延yan長chang了le機ji械xie部bu件jian的de使shi用yong壽shou命ming。另ling外wai對dui滑hua差cha電dian機ji的de變bian頻pin改gai造zao提ti高gao了le電dian機ji的de防fang護hu等deng級ji,減jian少shao了le因yin環huan境jing惡e劣lie而er造zao成cheng的de電dian機ji故gu障zhang率lv。
六、 意外收獲
遞di恩en電dian氣qi變bian頻pin器qi工gong作zuo和he啟qi動dong時shi電dian流liu的de下xia降jiang,為wei其qi他ta設she備bei的de啟qi動dong提ti供gong了le必bi要yao的de保bao證zheng,無wu形xing中zhong增zeng加jia了le工gong廠chang的de電dian力li容rong量liang,這zhe對dui電dian網wang電dian壓ya不bu穩wen和he電dian力li容rong量liang偏pian小xiao的de場chang合he尤you為wei有you利li。象xiang該gai水shui泥ni有you限xian公gong司si這zhe樣yang整zheng體ti改gai造zao後hou,可省下200KVA的變壓器容量,新上設備時變電所可暫不增容,可節省大量投資。
dangran,jingguodiendianqibianpingaizaohouhaiyingjiaqiangshengchangongyifangmiandeguanli,zaishengchanyunxudetiaojianxiahelidetiaojiedianjidezhuansu,yidadaolixiangdejienengjieguo。zheyoudaiyuzaiyihoudegongzuozhongjiayibuduandewanshan。
【結論】shuinichangchenggongdejingyanchongfenshuomingleshuinixingyebianpingaizaodefeifanqianli,zhisuoyinengzaibudaoyiniandeshijianneitouruzhemedadezijinjinxinggaizao,yifangmianshiyinweigaigongsijuyouhenqiangdejingjishilijigongsilingdaocengjuyoufeifandeyuanjianzhuoshi,lingyifangmianyechongfenshuomingtouzizhexianggaizaogongsikeyidedaofenghoudeliyihuibao,bingqiezhengtitigaolegongsizaishengchangongyifangmiandezidonghuachengdu。