http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-25 08:38:40 來源:賽迪顧問
黨的二十屆三中全會提出,“加快推進新型工業化,培育壯大先進製造業集群,推動製造業高端化、智能化、綠色化發展”。城市是中國推進新型工業化、打造以先進製造業為骨幹的現代化產業體係的重要載體。賽迪顧問於2024年12月25日在湖北省荊州市舉辦的2024先進製造業發展大會上發布《2024年先進製造業城市研究》,提出城市先進製造業發展的“三類模式”“三大趨勢”“三點建議”,旨在助力城市先進製造業發展,推進新型工業化進程。

一、新發現:城市先進製造業發展三種模式
通tong過guo連lian續xu多duo年nian對dui城cheng市shi先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye發fa展zhan的de追zhui蹤zong觀guan察cha及ji研yan究jiu,賽sai迪di顧gu問wen先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye研yan究jiu中zhong心xin對dui城cheng市shi先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye發fa展zhan演yan進jin曲qu線xian進jin行xing了le迭die代dai升sheng級ji,形xing成cheng了le城cheng市shi先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye發fa展zhan曲qu線xian2.0。該曲線將城市先進製造業的發展階段劃分為躍升期、擴張期、發展期和起步期四個階段,不同階段的城市展現出獨特的發展特征,並在城市間形成了各異的協同關係模式,具體可分為鏈帶式、單星式和軸輻式三種主要模式。

圖1 城市先進製造業發展演進曲線2.0
數據來源:賽迪顧問2024,12
(一)鏈帶式:多處於城市先進製造業發展演進曲線的擴張期,均衡發展特色明顯
模式特征:liandaishimoshitongchanghangaiduogediliweizhixianglinhuojiejindechengshi,gegechengshijunyongyoujiaoweifengfudeshengchanyaosu,zhexiechengshizhijianjiaotongjichusheshiwanshan,jingjilianxijinmi,tongguojiankangdejingzheng、緊密的合作和有效的協同,建立起相互依賴、xianghucujindejinmiguanxi。zhezhongguanxibujintishenglezhenggequyuxianjinzhizaoyedejingzhenglihexiaolv,erqiecujinleliandaishimoshizhongdexianjinzhizaoyechengshijunhengfazhan。

圖2 鏈帶式模式
數據來源:賽迪顧問2024,12
(二)單星式:多處於城市先進製造業發展演進曲線的擴張期及發展期,區域帶動能力亟待挖掘
模式特征:單星式模式特指那些原材料資源豐富、科技創新資源充裕、人ren才cai與yu資zi本ben等deng生sheng產chan要yao素su豐feng沛pei的de城cheng市shi。這zhe類lei城cheng市shi先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye自zi身shen發fa展zhan勢shi頭tou良liang好hao,但dan在zai與yu周zhou邊bian城cheng市shi的de聯lian動dong和he區qu域yu帶dai動dong能neng力li方fang麵mian表biao現xian較jiao弱ruo,未wei能neng有you效xiao形xing成cheng以yi大da城cheng市shi為wei核he心xin,帶dai動dong大da中zhong小xiao城cheng市shi協xie同tong發fa展zhan的de高gao質zhi量liang發fa展zhan格ge局ju。這zhe種zhong模mo式shi下xia的de城cheng市shi,盡jin管guan在zai某mou些xie方fang麵mian表biao現xian出chu色se,但dan在zai區qu域yu經jing濟ji一yi體ti化hua和he產chan業ye集ji群qun發fa展zhan方fang麵mian,仍reng有you較jiao大da的de提ti升sheng空kong間jian。

圖3 單星式模式
數據來源:賽迪顧問2024,12
(三)軸輻式:分布於城市先進製造業發展演進曲線的各時期,集聚效應顯著
模式特征:軸zhou輻fu式shi模mo式shi包bao括kuo涵han蓋gai了le兩liang類lei城cheng市shi及ji兩liang種zhong細xi分fen模mo式shi。兩liang類lei城cheng市shi即ji樞shu紐niu中zhong心xin城cheng市shi和he受shou輻fu射she的de周zhou邊bian城cheng市shi。兩liang種zhong細xi分fen模mo式shi為wei單dan樞shu紐niu和he雙shuang樞shu紐niu軸zhou輻fu式shi,在zai單dan樞shu紐niu軸zhou輻fu式shi中zhong,存cun在zai一yi個ge核he心xin樞shu紐niu中zhong心xin城cheng市shi,與yu受shou輻fu射she的de其qi他ta城cheng市shi聯lian係xi緊jin密mi;在雙樞紐軸輻式中,存在兩個樞紐中心城市,這兩個城市之間人流、物流、資金流往來頻繁,周邊城市通常與其中一個樞紐中心城市保持較為緊密的聯係。
在zai軸zhou輻fu式shi模mo式shi中zhong,樞shu紐niu中zhong心xin城cheng市shi通tong過guo其qi強qiang勁jin的de經jing濟ji實shi力li和he發fa展zhan潛qian力li,吸xi引yin周zhou邊bian城cheng市shi的de高gao端duan生sheng產chan要yao素su,這zhe種zhong要yao素su稟bing賦fu的de差cha異yi將jiang促cu使shi先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye領ling域yu的de企qi業ye在zai樞shu紐niu中zhong心xin城cheng市shi集ji聚ju。但dan在zai一yi定ding的de條tiao件jian下xia,樞shu紐niu中zhong心xin城cheng市shi所suo能neng達da到dao的de先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye集ji聚ju經jing濟ji規gui模mo是shi有you限xian的de,當dang超chao過guo這zhe一yi限xian度du,城cheng市shi的de生sheng產chan要yao素su成cheng本ben隨sui之zhi上shang升sheng,企qi業ye利li潤run下xia降jiang。在zai這zhe種zhong情qing況kuang下xia,樞shu紐niu中zhong心xin城cheng市shi的de企qi業ye會hui逐zhu步bu向xiang外wai遷qian移yi,生sheng產chan要yao素su會hui向xiang周zhou邊bian城cheng市shi擴kuo散san,以yi尋xun求qiu更geng廣guang闊kuo的de發fa展zhan空kong間jian和he更geng高gao效xiao的de資zi源yuan配pei置zhi。

圖4 軸輻式模式
數據來源:賽迪顧問2024,12
二、新時期:先進製造業發展趨勢洞見
(一)從實體到數字,開啟數實融合新紀元
先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)正(zheng)經(jing)曆(li)著(zhe)從(cong)傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)實(shi)體(ti)製(zhi)造(zao)模(mo)式(shi)向(xiang)全(quan)麵(mian)數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)乃(nai)至(zhi)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)轉(zhuan)型(xing)的(de)深(shen)刻(ke)變(bian)革(ge)。這(zhe)一(yi)進(jin)程(cheng)中(zhong),實(shi)體(ti)製(zhi)造(zao)曾(zeng)依(yi)靠(kao)手(shou)工(gong)操(cao)作(zuo)和(he)機(ji)械(xie)生(sheng)產(chan)支(zhi)撐(cheng)起(qi)龐(pang)大(da)的(de)工(gong)業(ye)體(ti)係(xi)。隨(sui)著(zhe)信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)飛(fei)速(su)發(fa)展(zhan),先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)逐(zhu)步(bu)邁(mai)入(ru)數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)時(shi)代(dai),通(tong)過(guo)集(ji)成(cheng)計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)輔(fu)助(zhu)設(she)計(ji)、zhizaoyuguanlixitong,shixianleshengchanliuchengdegaoxiaoxietongyushujuqudongdeyouhuajuece。rujin,rengongzhinengjishudeguangfanyingyongweixianjinzhizaoyechashanglezhihuidechipang,congzhinenggongchang、預(yu)測(ce)性(xing)維(wei)護(hu)到(dao)自(zi)適(shi)應(ying)生(sheng)產(chan),人(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)不(bu)僅(jin)大(da)幅(fu)提(ti)升(sheng)了(le)生(sheng)產(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)與(yu)靈(ling)活(huo)性(xing),還(hai)促(cu)進(jin)了(le)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)飛(fei)躍(yue)與(yu)個(ge)性(xing)化(hua)定(ding)製(zhi)的(de)普(pu)及(ji),引(yin)領(ling)先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)邁(mai)向(xiang)更(geng)加(jia)高(gao)效(xiao)、綠色與可持續的未來。

(二)從要素到標準,聚焦大國競爭新戰場
zaijishurixinyueyiyuquanqiugongyinglianjinglishenkezhonggoudebeijingxia,xianjinzhizaoyedejingzhengjiaodianyijingxianzhudicongshengchanyaosuhechengbendechuantongjiaoliang,shenghuadaolejishubiaozhunheguizezhidingquandegaocengcijingzheng。zheyizhuanbianyaoqiugeguobujinyaozaijishuchuangxinshangchixutupo,gengyaojijicanyuguojibiaozhundezhidingguocheng,zaiquanqiushichangzhonghuodezhudaoquanhehuayuquan,zengqiangquanqiuyingxiangli。tongguozhangwojishubiaozhun,qiyebujinnengyouxiaoguibimaoyibilei,hainengcujinchanyelianshangxiayoudeshenduronghe,jiasuchanyeshengji,weixianjinzhizaoyedegaozhiliangfazhandiandingjianshijichu。

(三)從增長到韌性,邁向經濟增長新周期
在(zai)全(quan)球(qiu)化(hua)和(he)不(bu)確(que)定(ding)性(xing)日(ri)益(yi)加(jia)劇(ju)的(de)背(bei)景(jing)下(xia),先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)策(ce)略(lve)已(yi)悄(qiao)然(ran)轉(zhuan)變(bian),從(cong)單(dan)純(chun)追(zhui)求(qiu)經(jing)濟(ji)增(zeng)長(chang),轉(zhuan)向(xiang)更(geng)加(jia)注(zhu)重(zhong)經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)可(ke)持(chi)續(xu)性(xing)和(he)韌(ren)性(xing)。麵(mian)對(dui)複(fu)雜(za)多(duo)變(bian)的(de)國(guo)際(ji)市(shi)場(chang)環(huan)境(jing),先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)的(de)靈(ling)活(huo)性(xing)和(he)抵(di)禦(yu)風(feng)險(xian)能(neng)力(li)成(cheng)為(wei)了(le)先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)穩(wen)定(ding)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)所(suo)在(zai)。為(wei)了(le)實(shi)現(xian)可(ke)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan),先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)正(zheng)積(ji)極(ji)推(tui)動(dong)綠(lv)色(se)生(sheng)產(chan),優(you)化(hua)資(zi)源(yuan)配(pei)置(zhi),同(tong)時(shi),加(jia)強(qiang)產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)上(shang)下(xia)遊(you)的(de)協(xie)同(tong)合(he)作(zuo),構(gou)建(jian)多(duo)元(yuan)化(hua)、韌性強的供應鏈體係以應對市場波動和外部風險。
三、新要求:城市先進製造業發展建議
(一)把握創新融合,搶占機會窗口
以yi創chuang新xin為wei引yin擎qing,激ji發fa先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye新xin動dong能neng。一yi是shi強qiang化hua產chan業ye鏈lian協xie同tong,鏈lian接jie全quan球qiu高gao端duan創chuang新xin資zi源yuan與yu生sheng產chan要yao素su,構gou建jian以yi企qi業ye為wei創chuang新xin主zhu體ti的de協xie同tong創chuang新xin網wang絡luo,形xing成cheng產chan業ye創chuang新xin生sheng態tai網wang絡luo。二er是shi激ji發fa人ren才cai創chuang新xin活huo力li,探tan索suo建jian立li跨kua行xing業ye、跨kua地di區qu的de技ji能neng培pei訓xun與yu人ren才cai交jiao流liu合he作zuo長chang效xiao機ji製zhi,加jia快kuai人ren才cai的de培pei養yang與yu流liu動dong,為wei製zhi造zao業ye的de創chuang新xin發fa展zhan提ti供gong強qiang大da的de人ren力li支zhi持chi。三san是shi高gao質zhi量liang建jian設she創chuang新xin平ping台tai,完wan善shan省sheng、市(shi)級(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)網(wang)絡(luo)體(ti)係(xi),加(jia)速(su)科(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)示(shi)範(fan)應(ying)用(yong)和(he)落(luo)地(di)轉(zhuan)化(hua)。以(yi)融(rong)合(he)為(wei)動(dong)力(li),塑(su)造(zao)先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)新(xin)模(mo)式(shi)。一(yi)是(shi)推(tui)動(dong)新(xin)一(yi)代(dai)信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)與(yu)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)融(rong)合(he),緊(jin)緊(jin)把(ba)握(wo)新(xin)一(yi)代(dai)信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)迅(xun)猛(meng)發(fa)展(zhan)機(ji)遇(yu),順(shun)應(ying)數(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術(shu)同(tong)製(zhi)造(zao)、能源、材(cai)料(liao)等(deng)技(ji)術(shu)加(jia)速(su)交(jiao)叉(cha)融(rong)合(he)趨(qu)勢(shi),大(da)力(li)推(tui)動(dong)智(zhi)能(neng)製(zhi)造(zao),培(pei)育(yu)壯(zhuang)大(da)智(zhi)能(neng)服(fu)務(wu)新(xin)模(mo)式(shi)新(xin)業(ye)態(tai)。二(er)是(shi)推(tui)動(dong)先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)和(he)現(xian)代(dai)服(fu)務(wu)業(ye)深(shen)度(du)融(rong)合(he),促(cu)進(jin)現(xian)代(dai)物(wu)流(liu)和(he)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)高(gao)效(xiao)融(rong)合(he),強(qiang)化(hua)研(yan)發(fa)設(she)計(ji)服(fu)務(wu)和(he)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)有(you)機(ji)融(rong)合(he),推(tui)進(jin)消(xiao)費(fei)服(fu)務(wu)重(zhong)點(dian)領(ling)域(yu)和(he)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)融(rong)合(he)。
(二)依托品牌質量,實現路徑突破
以質量為根本,煥發先進製造業新生機。一是推動產品創新,鼓勵企業應用先進適用技術、jiaqiangshebeigengxin,tishengduishichangdexiangyingsudu,bingtuidongxinchanpindeguimohuayingyong。ershichixuzhiliangyouhua,jianshezhinengzhizaoshifangongchang,wanshanzhinengzhizaobiaozhuntixi,tisheng“中國製造”的品質。三是提升品牌價值,提高產品的市場認可度和消費者忠誠度,塑造強有力的“中國品牌”。yiyouhuaweilujing,goujianxianjinzhizaoyexintixi。yishituidongchuantongchanyegaizaoshengji,youhuachanyejiegou,tishengyouzhichanpindegonggeinengli。ershijiakuaibujuzhanlvexingxinxingchanye,qianghuaguanjianhexinjishudechuangxinyingyong,tuidongzhanlvexingxinxingchanyeronghehua、集群化、生態化發展。三是積極謀劃未來產業,培育新產業和新賽道,加強技術攻關和成果轉化,豐富完善應用場景。
(三)堅持綠色發展,跨越增長瓶頸
以低碳為基礎,打造先進製造業新動力。一是構建清潔能源供應體係,結合城市先天優勢,因地製宜發展風、光、氫、儲、地熱、shengwuzhinengdengqingjienengyuangongyingshouduan。ershijiadaditanjishudeyingyonghetuiguang,jujiaolvseditankejichuangxinqianyan,tongguoshishilvseditanxianjinjishushifangongcheng,jiakuaikejichengguozhuanhuahechanyehuatuiguang。sanshijianchiyouxiaoshichangheyouweizhengfuxiangjiehe,qianghuazhengceyindao,wanshanjilijizhi,zongheyunyongcaizheng、jinrongdengfangshizhichichanyeditanfazhan。yilvseweiyinling,kaichuangxianjinzhizaoyexinjumian。yishifazhanlvseditanxinyetai,guliqiyecaiyongxianjinshiyongjishu,jiaqiangshebeigengxin,yicijiangdiziyuanxiaohao,baohuhuanjing,shixianjingjixiaoyiyushengtaixiaoyideshuangying。ershipeiyulvsefazhanxindongneng,jianshelvsegongchang,kaizhanlvseshengchan,bujinshixianjingjidekechixufazhan,yeweixinxinggongyehuadetuijinzhuruxindongli。sanshigoujianziyuanjieyuehehuanjingyouhaoxingshengchantixi,tongguoshishigongyelingyutandafengxingdong,cujingongyewenmingyushengtaiwenmingdehexiegongsheng。