guoqujinian，rengongzhinengdefazhantufeimengjin，youkenengchedidigaibianbaokuoquanqiuzhizaoyezaineidegexinggeye，yeweiqiyegaoguanguanliyuangonghegongyingliandailailexindetiaozhan。danxinjishutongshiyedailailexindebuquedingxing
，qiyelingdaozhezhengchangshiliyongzhexiegongjulaiguanligongyinglianheyuangongtuandui。

2023 年 12 月 12 日，偉創力首席執行官Revathi Advaithi，同時也作為美國政府供應鏈政策谘詢委員會的一員
，在《華爾街日報》CEO 委員會峰會上接受了《華爾街日報》記者 Emily Glazer 的采訪，Advaithi 在采訪中講述了技術的發展將如何影響日常產品的製造方式，以及她如何應對不確定性
，還展望了工作場所和製造業的未來。

Emily Glaze：首shou先xian讓rang我wo們men談tan談tan就jiu業ye市shi場chang。在zai目mu前qian全quan球qiu經jing濟ji增zeng長chang放fang緩huan的de背bei景jing下xia，你ni是shi否fou覺jiao得de我wo們men仍reng需xu要yao更geng多duo的de人ren工gong智zhi能neng專zhuan家jia，或huo者zhe在zai工gong廠chang車che間jian投tou入ru更geng多duo的de勞lao動dong力li呢ne？

Revathi Advaithi：dangran。renheyugongyingliandanxingxiangguandejineng，yuruhejinxingshengchanguihuaxiangguanderuanjianjineng，huoruhezhongxintiaozhengruanjianxitongyitigaoxiaolvdejineng，doushizaishichangshangzhishoukereqiexiquede。womenzhaopinyuangongshihuiwendaoyixiawenti，biru：你能否操作SMTbiaomiantiezhuangjishujiqi
？ninengfoucaozuodaxingzhizaoshebei？nengfouhelitiaopeirenyuan？worenweigaojinenggongrenrengranhennanzhaodao。tamenrengranshirencaishichangshangdexiqueziyuan。daduoshurengengyuanyiqunaxieshimaoderuanjiangongsi，erbuyuanyiquzhizaoye。yinci

，womenrengjiangweiraozhexielingyujinxingzhaopin，worenweizhaopinsuduhuijiakuai。danzairichanggongzuozhong，womendejinzhanyaomandeduo。

Emily Glaze: 你提到了許多時髦的品牌，我聽說偉創力公司是許多這些公司的幕後功臣。我想

，在過去的24小(xiao)時(shi)裏(li)，我(wo)們(men)中(zhong)的(de)許(xu)多(duo)人(ren)可(ke)能(neng)都(dou)使(shi)用(yong)了(le)偉(wei)創(chuang)力(li)公(gong)司(si)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)
，從(cong)吹(chui)風(feng)機(ji)到(dao)咖(ka)啡(fei)機(ji)。你(ni)能(neng)向(xiang)我(wo)們(men)介(jie)紹(shao)一(yi)下(xia)偉(wei)創(chuang)力(li)所(suo)做(zuo)的(de)不(bu)同(tong)工(gong)作(zuo)及(ji)其(qi)貢(gong)獻(xian)嗎(ma)？

Revathi Advaithi: 當我的孩子們問起 “媽媽，為什麼你們不是做那些我們每天都在使用的很酷、很有趣產品的公司呢？” ，我總是說：“我們做的並不是某個品牌。但如果我們不製造這些產品，你們就不會擁有它們。” 但實際上
，從吸塵器、chuifengjidaozhifaqi，womenjihushenmedouzuo。womenzengjingshishoujilingyudejutou

，yinweizhongduanchanpinshichangjingzhengtaijiliexianzaiwomenbuzaicanyuqizhong。womenzaiyuntongxin、企業技術領域擁有很大影響力。工業和電力是我們最大的終端市場之一。因此，無論是嵌入式計算電源、設備電源，還是基本的基礎設施、工業、住zhu宅zhai或huo商shang業ye領ling域yu，都dou是shi我wo們men的de主zhu要yao客ke戶hu。此ci外wai
，電dian動dong汽qi車che也ye是shi我wo們men重zhong要yao的de平ping台tai之zhi一yi。因yin此ci，我wo們men不bu僅jin涉she及ji小xiao型xing產chan品pin，還hai涉she及ji龐pang大da的de設she備bei，並bing將jiang它ta們men在zai全quan球qiu範fan圍wei內nei進jin行xing整zheng合he。

Emily Glaze: 你ni們men確que實shi涉she及ji了le很hen多duo行xing業ye。你ni剛gang剛gang也ye提ti到dao了le電dian動dong汽qi車che，那na讓rang我wo們men來lai談tan談tan該gai領ling域yu的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan。我wo們men對dui電dian動dong汽qi車che需xu求qiu放fang緩huan進jin行xing過guo報bao道dao，這zhe對dui你ni們men的de業ye務wu可ke能neng會hui產chan生sheng什shen麼me影ying響xiang？

Revathi Advaithi: dangran
，ruguodiandongqicheshichangfanghuan，womenkendinghuishoudaoyingxiang。danworenwei，womendezengchangbeiwomendeshichangfenezengchangsuoyangai，zheshiyinweiwomenzaidiandongqichegongyinglianshangfashenglezhenghe。yinci，wobutaidanxinqichexingye。worenweiqichexingyegengxuyaoguanzhuchannengnengfoushipei？shifouyouzugoudezengchangkongjian？womenzaizhongguodediandongqicheshichangyehenpangda，suiranzengchangyoudianhuanman
，danzuijinwomenrengranqudeleyixiejinzhan。diandongqichezaiweilaideqianlijuda
，womendediandongqicheyewuzaibeimei
、歐ou洲zhou和he中zhong國guo都dou有you廣guang泛fan的de分fen布bu。因yin此ci，我wo並bing不bu擔dan心xin汽qi車che行xing業ye會hui放fang緩huan，因yin為wei我wo認ren為wei我wo們men的de產chan能neng將jiang會hui有you很hen大da的de增zeng長chang。但dan有you時shi候hou，一yi些xie市shi場chang的de發fa展zhan會hui比bi其qi他ta市shi場chang慢man一yi些xie。

Emily Glaze: 接jie下xia來lai讓rang我wo們men談tan談tan人ren工gong智zhi能neng。你ni是shi供gong應ying鏈lian小xiao組zu委wei員yuan會hui的de成cheng員yuan，很hen多duo工gong作zuo都dou在zai研yan究jiu如ru何he預yu防fang一yi些xie供gong應ying鏈lian挑tiao戰zhan。你ni能neng否fou向xiang我wo們men介jie紹shao一yi下xia你ni在zai該gai小xiao組zu委wei員yuan會hui上shang所suo做zuo的de工gong作zuo，以yi及ji人ren工gong智zhi能neng否fou起qi到dao解jie決jue全quan球qiu供gong應ying鏈lian問wen題ti的de關guan鍵jian作zuo用yong嗎ma？

Revathi Advaithi：這zhe是shi個ge宏hong大da的de問wen題ti。我wo想xiang說shuo的de是shi
，我wo們men的de工gong作zuo重zhong點dian首shou先xian是shi人ren員yuan的de可ke用yong性xing。對dui於yu美mei國guo各ge地di正zheng在zai興xing建jian的de這zhe些xie大da型xing工gong廠chang來lai說shuo，我wo們men需xu要yao人ren才cai來lai運yun營ying這zhe些xie工gong廠chang。那na麼me，我wo們men該gai如ru何he關guan注zhu勞lao動dong力li規gui模mo擴kuo大da的de適shi配pei政zheng策ce，以yi及ji幫bang助zhu製zhi造zao業ye成cheng為wei美mei國guo經jing濟ji的de真zhen正zheng貢gong獻xian者zhe？這zhe大da概gai就jiu是shi一yi個ge細xi分fen領ling域yu的de工gong作zuo。

Emily Glaze: 你認為我們已經到了那個階段了嗎，還是說這些工廠正在建設或籌備中
，可能會產生空缺？

Revathi Advaithi: worenweiwomenhaimeidaonayibu。womenmeitiandounengkandaoyixiewenzhang
，baodaoweimouxiegongchangpeibeiyuangongyouduomekunnan。zhishaoduiyuzhizaoyelaishuo，peixunjinengtingqilaisihuhenrongyi。danshishibingfeiruci。womenbixushenrudaoxuduonongcunshequ，bangzhujianlishequxueyuan，yijianlizhenzhengyouxiaoderencaishusongtongdao。zhexuyaochangqidenuli。yaoxiangrangzhexiegongchangjixuyunzhuan
，jiubixuzhidingxiangdangyoulideyiminzhengce。womenkeyitichuhenduojianyi，danzhengzhijiamenhuizuotamenbixuzuodeshiqing。youxiejianyikexing
，youxiejianyizebubeikaolv。danzhezhishigongzuodeyigezhuti。woxiangshuodediergegongzuodezhutishiweiraofuyuanli。xiangxiangyiliaoqixie，xiangxiangzaigongyingliandetoumingdufangmianyouduoshaogongzuoyaozuo
，congerquebaowomenzhenzhengkaolvjianlichangqidefuyuanli。liru，womennengfourangzhengfuhesiyingqiyedebutongbumenxieshouhezuo，jianliyigegengjiatoumingdeyiliaoshebeigongyinglian？congerweiraotajianliyigeqiangdadegongyinglian。ciwai
，womenzuizhongyinggailejiezairengongzhinenghegongyingliandeshijielideguihuashishenmeyangde。danwoxiangshuodeshi，duiyugongyinglianxiaozuweiyuanhuilaishuo
，zheshiwomenzhengzaikaizhandegongzuodeliangdazhuti，bingyouzhuyuwomentichujianyi。

Emily Glaze: duiyurengongzhinengruhegaishangongyinglian，nitandaoleduanqihechangqiliangfangmiandekaolv，tajiangruhetigaoweichuanglidexiaolvheshengchanli
？ciwai

，yingdangruheliyongshujujianhuaquanqiugongyinglianzhongdeyixiezuai？conggengchangyuandejiaodulaikan，niduiweilaidezhanwangshishenme？ruguoninenggouxiufugongyinglian
，bingshulianhelideyunyongrengongzhinengjishu，naweilaijianghuiruhefazhan？

Revathi Advaithi: 我將分兩部分討論。一部分是基於生產車間的情況。另一部分是從宏觀規劃的角度來分析。在過去的30年裏，我一直在世界各地的工廠工作。我對未來20年的發展充滿期待。原因是
，如果你考慮到工廠的生產率
，它並沒有顯著提高。就像在 21 世紀初、20 世紀 90 年(nian)代(dai)末(mo)，當(dang)勞(lao)動(dong)力(li)套(tao)利(li)大(da)行(xing)其(qi)道(dao)時(shi)，你(ni)會(hui)看(kan)到(dao)很(hen)多(duo)新(xin)興(xing)經(jing)濟(ji)體(ti)從(cong)中(zhong)受(shou)益(yi)。而(er)人(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)在(zai)某(mou)種(zhong)程(cheng)度(du)上(shang)可(ke)以(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)一(yi)個(ge)均(jun)衡(heng)器(qi)。我(wo)不(bu)是(shi)在(zai)談(tan)論(lun)完(wan)全(quan)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)的(de)大(da)型(xing)製(zhi)造(zao)廠(chang)或(huo)我(wo)們(men)經(jing)營(ying)的(de)大(da)型(xing)工(gong)廠(chang)。但(dan)是(shi)你(ni)考(kao)慮(lv)一(yi)下(xia)小(xiao)型(xing)、中型製造業的人工智能，如果實施成本較低，那麼硬件機器在提高生產率方麵可能會起到均衡作用。他們可能會有25
、30gebutongdelingsanruanjianxitong，bicihubugoutong
，shituzaigongchangliyunxingshengchanjihuashijianbiao。weilemibushebeiliyonglvdidewenti，zhinengzengjiagengduodeshebei
，zibenjiangbuzaibianyile

，nanigaizenmeban？yinci，wojiaoderengongzhinengkeyitongguozonghekaolvyixiayinsulaitigongbangzhu：你ni的de運yun營ying資zi本ben是shi如ru何he部bu署shu的de
？能neng否fou提ti高gao設she備bei利li用yong率lv？把ba所suo有you這zhe些xie結jie合he起qi來lai
，我wo認ren為wei人ren工gong智zhi能neng可ke以yi幫bang助zhu提ti高gao工gong廠chang的de生sheng產chan力li。因yin此ci，我wo對dui此ci感gan到dao非fei常chang期qi待dai，因yin為wei這zhe將jiang給gei中zhong小xiao型xing製zhi造zao業ye帶dai來lai優you勢shi。

Revathi Advaithi: danrangwomenhuidaorengongzhinengheguihuadehongguancengmian。womenganggangjinglileyichanggongyinglianweiji。rangwogandaozhenjingdeshi
，zaizhegeshidai，suiranyoupangdadeshujuhexinxizhicheng，womenrengbingbulejiezhegeshijiezhengchangyunxingxuyaoduoshaogongyinghuoxuqiu。shijiebuyinggaizaishizheyangle，bushima？yinci，wohenqidaikandao，daguimoduomotaide LLM 模mo型xing規gui劃hua，甚shen至zhi是shi芯xin片pian的de規gui劃hua能neng夠gou進jin行xing。這zhe將jiang推tui動dong真zhen正zheng的de智zhi能neng發fa展zhan，從cong而er確que保bao你ni不bu會hui陷xian入ru供gong需xu的de困kun境jing。此ci外wai，你ni也ye不bu會hui因yin為wei過guo多duo的de庫ku存cun再zai次ci陷xian入ru困kun境jing。在zai這zhe個ge時shi代dai
，不bu應ying該gai發fa生sheng這zhe種zhong情qing況kuang。但dan這zhe需xu要yao世shi界jie各ge行xing各ge業ye和he各ge個ge部bu門men不bu同tong程cheng度du的de參can與yu。我wo期qi待dai的de是shi在zai未wei來lai，我wo們men能neng否fou有you效xiao防fang止zhi下xia一yi次ci因yin全quan球qiu範fan圍wei內nei缺que乏fa某mou個ge組zu件jian而er引yin起qi的de供gong應ying鏈lian危wei機ji的de發fa生sheng
？

本文翻譯自《華爾街日報》記者對偉創力首席執行官Revathi Advaithi的采訪，發表於2024年2月16日的播客《WSJ’s The Future of Everything》