http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-25 22:21:58 來源:經濟日報
在(zai)瑞(rui)士(shi),一(yi)個(ge)以(yi)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)和(he)機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)普(pu)及(ji)為(wei)特(te)征(zheng)的(de)新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)正(zheng)在(zai)來(lai)臨(lin)。隨(sui)著(zhe)第(di)四(si)次(ci)工(gong)業(ye)革(ge)命(ming)深(shen)入(ru)發(fa)展(zhan),在(zai)瑞(rui)士(shi)經(jing)濟(ji)領(ling)域(yu)中(zhong),自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)替(ti)代(dai)勞(lao)動(dong)力(li)的(de)趨(qu)勢(shi)正(zheng)在(zai)不(bu)斷(duan)增(zeng)強(qiang),社(she)會(hui)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)“機器化”似乎不再遙遠。
2015年的1月份可謂是瑞士經濟的一個轉折點,當時瑞士央行被迫宣布取消1歐元兌1.20瑞士法郎的彙率下限政策,瑞郎彙率隨之在短時間內升值超過30%,此ci後hou一yi直zhi維wei持chi強qiang勢shi。由you於yu瑞rui士shi本ben土tu市shi場chang規gui模mo有you限xian,經jing濟ji高gao度du依yi賴lai出chu口kou,瑞rui郎lang升sheng值zhi對dui宏hong觀guan經jing濟ji的de消xiao極ji影ying響xiang持chi續xu發fa酵jiao,瑞rui士shi出chu口kou產chan業ye在zai全quan球qiu市shi場chang尤you其qi是shi歐ou洲zhou市shi場chang的de競jing爭zheng領ling先xian優you勢shi逐zhu漸jian縮suo小xiao。
zhenduizheyiyanjuntiaozhan,benjiuchengshouzhegaoerengongchengbenyalideruishiqiyekaishijixiwangyujishuchuangxin,tebieshixiwangzidonghuahejiqirenkeyizhuqiniuzhuanqiankun。ruishiguzhuxiehuifayanrenhansaqiaogen·施密德說:“高昂的薪酬和堅挺的瑞郎都不利於瑞士工業的發展,但工業4.0有助於抵消這些負麵因素。”根據世界經濟論壇發布的《全球競爭力報告》,瑞士已連續8年位列榜首,強大的科技創新能力被認為是瑞士長期保持競爭力排名領先地位的關鍵因素。施密德說:“瑞士擁有技能高超的勞動力、出色的科研和教育體係。開發這項高精尖技術,瑞士是準備最充分的國家之一。”
在瑞士企業看來,機器人可以與人類並肩工作:傳感器可以甄別生產線上的潛在問題,智能軟件可以協調生產、裝配、物流以及訂購新原料等各個操作步驟……ruishiqiwangtongguojishuchuangxin,rangjiqirenqudaihenduochuantonglaodongmijixingxingyedegangwei,gengxiwangkeyizaiqitalingyuchuangzaoanquanqieyoujiazhidexinjiuyejihui,birubianchenglingyuhejiqirenweixiulingyu。ruishilianbangtongjijudeshujuxianshi,jin15年來,瑞士服務業數字化和管理工作的自動化,已縮減了逾18萬個行政崗位。同一時期,知識與科技型職業的工作崗位數量則翻了不止一番,增加61.4萬個工作崗位,目前已占工作崗位總數的四分之一多。
麵mian對dui第di四si次ci工gong業ye革ge命ming的de到dao來lai,瑞rui士shi政zheng府fu反fan應ying敏min銳rui,不bu僅jin把ba機ji器qi人ren定ding位wei為wei戰zhan略lve發fa展zhan方fang向xiang,並bing且qie建jian立li了le瑞rui士shi國guo家jia機ji器qi人ren能neng力li研yan究jiu中zhong心xin,對dui機ji器qi人ren技ji術shu的de研yan發fa和he普pu及ji發fa揮hui了le不bu可ke或huo缺que的de推tui動dong作zuo用yong。瑞rui士shi政zheng府fu認ren為wei,機ji器qi人ren領ling域yu不bu是shi一yi個ge純chun科ke學xue領ling域yu,而er是shi一yi個ge需xu要yao向xiang外wai看kan的de領ling域yu,因yin此ci將jiang該gai研yan究jiu中zhong心xin作zuo為wei連lian接jie產chan業ye和he科ke研yan的de橋qiao梁liang,力li求qiu促cu進jin產chan業ye與yu科ke研yan之zhi間jian的de雙shuang向xiang交jiao流liu。
jiuchuangxineryan,zhengfuzaichuangxinlianqianduantouzinengfahuigengdadezuoyong。ruishizhengfujishirenshidaolezheyidian,zaiqianduanjiangchuangxinxiangshichangsuoxudefangxiangyindao,jianliledatongchanyehekeyangoutongyuziyouliudongdepingtai。shijianzhengming,zhezhongfangshibidanchundebutieqiyehuozhejianshuixiaoguogenghao。zheduiyuruishidetilianglaishuo,yekeyibijiaorongyidijiangquanguosuoyouxiangguanziyuanjizhongqilai,jianliqikaifangdechuizhichuangxinwangluo。duiqiyelaishuo,shouxianyushangyejingzheng,zhishifenxiangkenenggengweikunnan,danruishizhengfuzaizhefangmiannengfahuigengduoyoushi。
shijiejingjiluntanyuce,dangqianxiaoxueshengzhongyousanfenzhierweilaihuicongshirujinshangbucunzaidezhiye。kejian,wulunshiduiyuyouhuaruishigongyegejuhaishiduiyucujinjiuye,dangqianzhebozidonghualangchaodoukeyishuoshiqiafengqishi。