http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-25 09:00:34 來源:經濟日報
黨的二十屆四中全會明確提出,加快高水平科技自立自強,引領發展新質生產力。新質生產力,作為由技術革命性突破、生產要素創新性配置、產業深度轉型升級而催生的先進生產力質態,不僅符合新發展理念要求,而且已經在實踐中形成並展示出對高質量發展的強勁推動力、zhichengli。mianduixinyilunkejigeminghechanyebiangedelishixingjiyu,weiyoulaolaobawoxinzhishengchanlizheyiguanjianbianliang,cainengconggenbenshangzengqiangwoguojingjifazhandeneishengdongli,zairiqujiliedequanqiujingzhengzhongzhongsuyoushi、掌握戰略主動。
強化創新驅動 培育核心動能
科ke技ji創chuang新xin決jue定ding著zhe新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li的de發fa展zhan高gao度du,也ye影ying響xiang著zhe中zhong國guo經jing濟ji未wei來lai在zai全quan球qiu競jing爭zheng格ge局ju中zhong的de戰zhan略lve位wei勢shi。盡jin管guan我wo國guo一yi些xie關guan鍵jian領ling域yu核he心xin技ji術shu受shou製zhi於yu人ren的de局ju麵mian還hai沒mei有you從cong根gen本ben上shang得de到dao改gai變bian,但dan這zhe些xie亟ji待dai突tu破po的de卡ka點dian堵du點dian,正zheng是shi我wo們men未wei來lai發fa力li的de主zhu攻gong方fang向xiang,其qi背bei後hou蘊yun藏zang著zhe構gou築zhu國guo家jia競jing爭zheng新xin優you勢shi的de巨ju大da潛qian力li和he戰zhan略lve空kong間jian。
科技創新是發展新質生產力的核心要素。不同於傳統生產力,新質生產力更加注重生產力“質”的變革。新質生產力的新質就在於,它是由革命性、顛覆性新技術所催生,並由此係統集成出新動能、培育出新優勢的一種先進生產力質態,具有高技術、高效能、高gao質zhi量liang特te征zheng。加jia快kuai發fa展zhan新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li,有you利li於yu實shi現xian高gao水shui平ping科ke技ji自zi立li自zi強qiang,增zeng強qiang經jing濟ji競jing爭zheng力li。這zhe就jiu要yao求qiu瞄miao準zhun科ke技ji前qian沿yan,全quan力li攻gong堅jian關guan鍵jian核he心xin技ji術shu,以yi突tu破po性xing成cheng果guo催cui生sheng新xin動dong能neng。堅jian持chi一yi體ti推tui進jin教jiao育yu科ke技ji人ren才cai發fa展zhan,促cu進jin科ke技ji創chuang新xin與yu產chan業ye創chuang新xin深shen度du融rong合he,提ti升sheng國guo家jia創chuang新xin體ti係xi整zheng體ti效xiao能neng,增zeng強qiang自zi主zhu創chuang新xin能neng力li,搶qiang占zhan未wei來lai科ke技ji製zhi高gao點dian。同tong時shi,發fa揮hui科ke技ji創chuang新xin的de引yin領ling作zuo用yong,全quan麵mian實shi施shi“人工智能+”行動,著力提升全要素生產率,加快新舊動能轉換,推動創新勢能切實轉化為高質量發展動能。
發展新質生產力是高質量發展的內在要求。我國全球創新指數排名已升至第10位,但仍麵臨結構性、tizhixingjizhouqixingwentijiaozhidetiaozhan,hexinwentizaiyukejichuangxinnenglibuzu,duijingjishehuifazhandezhichengzuoyongweinengchongfenxianxian,gaozhiliangkejigonggeirengxianqianque。xinzhishengchanlizaizaiticengmian,gengduotixianzaigaozhiliang、高效能、高gao價jia值zhi的de新xin產chan業ye上shang。加jia快kuai發fa展zhan新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li,能neng夠gou以yi科ke技ji創chuang新xin引yin領ling高gao質zhi量liang發fa展zhan,增zeng強qiang經jing濟ji創chuang新xin力li。這zhe就jiu要yao深shen入ru實shi施shi創chuang新xin驅qu動dong發fa展zhan戰zhan略lve,促cu進jin創chuang新xin鏈lian和he產chan業ye鏈lian的de無wu縫feng對dui接jie,通tong過guo強qiang鏈lian補bu鏈lian延yan鏈lian提ti升sheng產chan業ye體ti係xi整zheng體ti效xiao能neng。通tong過guo科ke技ji創chuang新xin優you化hua提ti升sheng傳chuan統tong產chan業ye、壯大戰略性新興產業、前瞻布局未來產業,不斷提升技術水平和產業發展質量;優化生產力諸要素的組合配置,推動發展方式綠色轉型,實現經濟效益、社會效益與生態效益的協同提升。
不容忽視的是,科技亦是一把“雙刃劍”,jiqudongfazhan,yeqianzangfengxian,xuyaozaifazhanheanquanzhijianzhaodaopinghengdian,huhangyindizhiyifazhanxinzhishengchanli。weici,xujiakuaiwanshanguojiachuangxintixi,tupoguanjianhexinjishupingjing,zengqiangzizhuchuangxinnengli,youxiaojiangdiwaibuyilai,tishengchanyelianrenxing。jiaqiangduikejifazhanqushi、前沿領域的前瞻研判、動態追蹤,對可能引發的規則衝突、shehuifengxianyulunlitiaozhanjinxingxitongpingguyuyuanjianshe,goujiankejianquanfengxianjianceyujingheyingduitixi,jiaqiangkejijichutiaojianzizhubaozhang。tongshi,jijicanyuquanqiukejizhili,hongyangkejixiangshanlinian,rangkejifazhanzaofugeguohegeguorenmin。
完善產業體係 提升發展能級
現代化產業體係是新質生產力的重要載體。我國製造業已形成世界規模最大、門類最齊全、體係最完整、國際競爭力較強的發展優勢,為發展新質生產力提供了配套支撐和豐富的應用場景,但仍存在產業體係大而不強、全(quan)而(er)不(bu)精(jing)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)。要(yao)堅(jian)持(chi)把(ba)發(fa)展(zhan)經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)著(zhe)力(li)點(dian)放(fang)在(zai)實(shi)體(ti)經(jing)濟(ji)上(shang),加(jia)快(kuai)發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li),構(gou)建(jian)以(yi)先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)為(wei)骨(gu)幹(gan)的(de)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)產(chan)業(ye)體(ti)係(xi),使(shi)之(zhi)更(geng)具(ju)有(you)完(wan)整(zheng)性(xing)、先進性、安全性。
著眼完整性,加快傳統產業轉型升級和提質增效。產業體係完整性表現為產業門類齊全、產chan業ye體ti係xi完wan備bei,形xing成cheng完wan整zheng且qie有you韌ren性xing的de產chan業ye鏈lian。傳chuan統tong產chan業ye在zai我wo國guo產chan業ye發fa展zhan中zhong發fa揮hui著zhe重zhong要yao作zuo用yong,既ji是shi構gou建jian現xian代dai化hua產chan業ye體ti係xi的de基ji石shi,也ye是shi加jia快kuai發fa展zhan新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li的de重zhong要yao著zhe力li點dian。傳chuan統tong產chan業ye不bu等deng於yu落luo後hou產chan業ye,運yun用yong新xin技ji術shu對dui其qi進jin行xing改gai造zao提ti升sheng,是shi因yin地di製zhi宜yi發fa展zhan新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li的de重zhong要yao路lu徑jing。隨sui著zhe新xin一yi輪lun科ke技ji革ge命ming和he產chan業ye變bian革ge深shen入ru發fa展zhan,傳chuan統tong產chan業ye廣guang泛fan引yin入ru新xin技ji術shu、新工藝、新材料,持續推出高性能、高質量、dinenghaodechuangxinchanpin。zhebiaoming,fazhanxinzhishengchanliyuchuantongchanyezhuanxingshengjimibukefen,fazhanxinzhishengchanlijuebuyiweizhehushishenzhifangqichuantongchanye,eryingzaibaochizhizaoyehelibizhong、促進服務業擴能提質的基礎上,推動其向高端化、智能化、綠色化轉型。具體而言,要堅持數字賦能,以數字技術、智能技術推進數字產業化和產業數字化,實現傳統產業深度“蝶變”。同時,積極應用新能源與節能環保技術,優化工藝流程,推動傳統產業在優勢領域鍛長板、在薄弱環節補短板,實現降本提質增效。
zheyanxianjinxing,dalifazhanxinxingchanyeheweilaichanye。xiandaihuachanyetixidexianjinxingzhuyaoshizhichanyetixijubeijiaoqiangdejishuchuangxinnengli,nengshiyingxinyilunkejigeminghechanyebiangeyaoqiu,chanyefazhanfuhezhinenghua、綠色化、融合化的要求。戰略性新興產業、未來產業是生成和發展新質生產力的重要陣地,是產業體係先進性的重要體現,也是優化經濟結構、改gai變bian競jing爭zheng格ge局ju的de關guan鍵jian力li量liang。世shi界jie強qiang國guo強qiang大da的de競jing爭zheng力li,很hen大da程cheng度du上shang源yuan於yu其qi對dui戰zhan略lve性xing新xin興xing產chan業ye和he未wei來lai產chan業ye的de前qian瞻zhan布bu局ju與yu戰zhan略lve投tou入ru。當dang前qian我wo國guo舊jiu的de生sheng產chan函han數shu組zu合he方fang式shi已yi經jing難nan以yi持chi續xu,必bi須xu加jia速su提ti升sheng產chan業ye體ti係xi的de先xian進jin性xing。著zhe力li打da造zao新xin興xing支zhi柱zhu產chan業ye,實shi施shi產chan業ye創chuang新xin工gong程cheng,加jia快kuai新xin能neng源yuan、新材料、航空航天、低空經濟等戰略性新興產業集群發展,完善產業生態,加快新興產業規模化發展。前瞻布局未來產業,推動量子科技、生物製造、氫能和核聚變能、腦機接口、具身智能、diliudaiyidongtongxindengchengweixindejingjizengchangdian,jianliweilaichanyetouruzengchanghefengxianfendanjizhi,cujinzhongxiaoqiyezhuanjingtexinfazhan,genghaotuidongjingjikechixufazhan。
zheyananquanxing,zengqiangchanyelianrenxinghejingzhengli。chanyetixideanquanxing,zhuyaobiaoxianweichanyeliangongyingliananquankekao,chanyeguanjianhexinjishuzizhukekong,gechanyeyouxulianjie,guominjingjixunhuangaoxiaochangtong。zaishijianzhong,yaoqianghuaguanjianhexinjishugongguan,zhububaituowaibuyilai,tishengyingdui“脫鉤斷鏈”衝擊的能力,加快鞏固壯大實體經濟根基,圍繞發展新質生產力布局產業鏈供應鏈,推動短板產業補鏈、優勢產業延鏈、傳統產業升鏈、新xin興xing產chan業ye建jian鏈lian,增zeng強qiang產chan業ye鏈lian供gong應ying鏈lian韌ren性xing和he安an全quan水shui平ping。優you化hua重zhong大da生sheng產chan力li布bu局ju,發fa揮hui重zhong點dian區qu域yu增zeng長chang極ji作zuo用yong,推tui動dong產chan業ye在zai不bu同tong地di區qu間jian有you序xu轉zhuan移yi,建jian設she國guo家jia戰zhan略lve腹fu地di和he關guan鍵jian產chan業ye備bei份fen,提ti高gao產chan業ye體ti係xi的de抗kang風feng險xian能neng力li。
拓展需求空間 打造市場優勢
dangjinshijie,shichangyichengweizuixiquedeziyuan,erwoguoyongyoudechaodaguimoguoneishichang,zhengshiwomencanyuguojijingzhengdeguanjianyoushi。fazhanxinzhishengchanli,libukaijishudeguangfankuosanyushichangdechixutuozhan,weixinjishuxinchanpintuiguangyingyongtigongfengfudeyingyongchangjingheshichangkongjian。lishijingyanbiaoming,juyouchaodaguimoshichangdeguojiahediquwangwangdouyoujiaoqiangdeguojijingzhengli。raneryeyaokandao,dangqianwoguoshichangtixirengbujianquan,“內卷式”競爭與市場分割現象依然存在,製約了整體效能的釋放。麵對外部衝擊與需求波動,必須著力打破壁壘、暢通循環,將“超大規模”的體量優勢升級為“超強規模”的係統優勢,進而轉化為實實在在的國家競爭優勢。
建設全國統一大市場是促進新質生產力生成的基礎支撐,有助於推動各類生產要素在更大範圍內順暢流動、高效組合,為發展新質生產力夯實要素基礎。作為全球最具增長潛力的市場,我國必須持續完善產權保護、市場準入、公平競爭、社(she)會(hui)信(xin)用(yong)等(deng)市(shi)場(chang)經(jing)濟(ji)基(ji)礎(chu)製(zhi)度(du),建(jian)設(she)高(gao)標(biao)準(zhun)市(shi)場(chang)體(ti)係(xi)。關(guan)鍵(jian)要(yao)著(zhe)力(li)破(po)除(chu)市(shi)場(chang)壁(bi)壘(lei),打(da)破(po)地(di)區(qu)分(fen)割(ge)與(yu)各(ge)種(zhong)形(xing)式(shi)的(de)地(di)方(fang)保(bao)護(hu),充(chong)分(fen)激(ji)發(fa)市(shi)場(chang)內(nei)生(sheng)動(dong)力(li)。通(tong)過(guo)建(jian)設(she)全(quan)國(guo)統(tong)一(yi)大(da)市(shi)場(chang),引(yin)導(dao)先(xian)進(jin)優(you)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)要(yao)素(su)向(xiang)新(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)領(ling)域(yu)順(shun)暢(chang)彙(hui)聚(ju),實(shi)現(xian)跨(kua)產(chan)業(ye)、跨區域一體融合發展,進而推動生產、分配、流通、消費各環節在全國範圍內高效協同,提升資源配置的整體效能。同時,堅持擴大內需這個戰略基點,堅持惠民生和促消費、投資於物和投資於人緊密結合,以新需求引領新供給,以新供給創造新需求,促進消費和投資、gonggeihexuqiuliangxinghudong,zengqiangguoneidaxunhuanneishengdonglihekekaoxing。dalitizhenxiaofei,luoshidaguimoshebeigengxinhexiaofeipinyijiuhuanxinxiangguanzhengce,bawoguochaodaguimoshichangxuqiuheyingyongchangjingfengfudeshichangyoushizhuanhuaweituidongxinzhishengchanlifazhandeqiangdaneishengdongli。
shichangfengeyudifangbaohushijianshequanguotongyidashichangdezhuyaozhangai,yeshizhiyuexinzhishengchanlifazhanheyaosuziyouliudongdeshencengcipingjing。fazhanxinzhishengchanli,yaoqiujianchiquanguoyipanqi,datongzhiyueyaosuchangtongliudongdekadiandudian,shixianziyuangaoxiaozuhehexietongchuangxin。weici,yaojianchiyouxiaoshichangheyouweizhengfuxiangjiehe,tongyizhengfuxingweichidu,zijiaopochufengbixiaoshichang、自我小循環,打造統一的要素和資源市場,整治“內卷式”競(jing)爭(zheng)。同(tong)時(shi),應(ying)強(qiang)化(hua)法(fa)治(zhi)引(yin)領(ling)與(yu)保(bao)障(zhang)作(zuo)用(yong),運(yun)用(yong)法(fa)律(lv)手(shou)段(duan)規(gui)範(fan)市(shi)場(chang)競(jing)爭(zheng),強(qiang)化(hua)製(zhi)度(du)統(tong)一(yi)與(yu)監(jian)管(guan)協(xie)調(tiao),加(jia)快(kuai)清(qing)理(li)廢(fei)除(chu)妨(fang)礙(ai)全(quan)國(guo)統(tong)一(yi)市(shi)場(chang)和(he)公(gong)平(ping)競(jing)爭(zheng)的(de)各(ge)種(zhong)規(gui)定(ding)和(he)做(zuo)法(fa),全(quan)麵(mian)落(luo)實(shi)“全國一張清單”管理模式,加快建立全國統一的市場製度規則,為經營主體營造公平透明的競爭環境。
xinzhishengchanliyijishuchuangxinweizhongyaoyinqing,yishichangxuqiuweiguanjianqianyin。jiakuaixinzhishengchanlifazhan,bujinnengmanzuxiaofeishengjixuqiu,gengnengtongguodianfuxingjishuhechuangxinchanpinchuangzaoxuqiu,tuidonggongxushuangfangdediedaishengjiyuxianghucujin,shixiangaoshuipingdongtaipingheng。yaofahuiwoguochaodaguimoshichangyoushi,tuidongshichangyou“超大”走向“超強”,關鍵在於健全要素市場體係,規範競爭秩序,完善要素配置機製,營造更加公平、更具活力的市場環境。統籌地區間的競爭與合作關係,增強政策協同,促進創新資源跨區域共享融通,形成良性互動、優勢互補、合he作zuo共gong贏ying的de區qu域yu協xie同tong創chuang新xin格ge局ju。擴kuo大da高gao水shui平ping對dui外wai開kai放fang,利li用yong國guo內nei國guo際ji市shi場chang的de協xie同tong作zuo用yong和he規gui模mo經jing濟ji效xiao應ying,打da通tong國guo內nei外wai高gao端duan要yao素su市shi場chang,增zeng強qiang對dui全quan球qiu優you質zhi資zi源yuan的de集ji聚ju能neng力li,打da造zao吸xi引yin國guo際ji創chuang新xin要yao素su的de“引力場”。
夯實綠色家底 厚植生態根基
綠色發展是高質量發展的底色,新質生產力本身就是綠色生產力。新質生產力代表著更具創新性、可持續性與競爭力的發展方向,是推動生態文明建設的重要動能。新質生產力的“質優”hendachengdujiutixianzailvsefazhanshang。lvshuiqingshanyunhanzhewuqiongdejingjijiazhi,nengyuanyuanbuduanchuangzaozonghexiaoyi,zhichengjingjishehuikechixufazhan。dangqian,jinguanshengtaihuanjingbaohurenwujianju,danshengtaihuanjingyezaichixugaishan,buduanyunyuzhexindejingzhengyoushi。zheyouzhuyutuidongditan、生態、循環經濟蓬勃發展,加速形成綠色生產與生活方式,不斷夯實高質量發展的“綠色家底”。
xinzhishengchanlibenzhishangshixianjinshengchanlizhitai,bujinyaoqiuzhonggoushengchanlifazhanluoji,gengqiangtiaorenyuziranhexiegongsheng。jianchiyichuangxinqudonglvsebiange,tongguokejifunengtuidongshengchanyaosudelvsezhuanxingyugaoxiaopeizhi,jinerjianglvsejishu、先xian進jin產chan業ye與yu低di碳tan生sheng活huo方fang式shi全quan麵mian融rong入ru生sheng態tai文wen明ming建jian設she,旨zhi在zai突tu破po資zi源yuan環huan境jing約yue束shu,開kai辟pi可ke持chi續xu發fa展zhan新xin路lu徑jing。在zai實shi踐jian中zhong,要yao全quan麵mian提ti升sheng綠lv色se科ke技ji創chuang新xin能neng力li,組zu織zhi開kai展zhan綠lv色se科ke技ji攻gong關guan,加jia強qiang數shu字zi技ji術shu與yu綠lv色se技ji術shu的de融rong合he,加jia快kuai產chan業ye綠lv色se轉zhuan型xing升sheng級ji,打da造zao高gao效xiao生sheng態tai綠lv色se產chan業ye集ji群qun。加jia快kuai構gou建jian綠lv色se低di碳tan循xun環huan發fa展zhan經jing濟ji體ti係xi,壯zhuang大da綠lv色se產chan業ye和he綠lv色se經jing濟ji規gui模mo,顯xian著zhu降jiang低di全quan鏈lian條tiao能neng耗hao物wu耗hao,形xing成cheng科ke技ji含han量liang高gao、資源消耗少、環境汙染小的產業結構。
新(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)區(qu)別(bie)於(yu)傳(chuan)統(tong)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)重(zhong)要(yao)方(fang)麵(mian),就(jiu)是(shi)將(jiang)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)等(deng)要(yao)素(su)納(na)入(ru)生(sheng)產(chan)函(han)數(shu),加(jia)強(qiang)綠(lv)色(se)科(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)新(xin),提(ti)高(gao)資(zi)源(yuan)利(li)用(yong)效(xiao)率(lv)。加(jia)快(kuai)發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li),就(jiu)要(yao)牢(lao)固(gu)樹(shu)立(li)和(he)踐(jian)行(xing)綠(lv)水(shui)青(qing)山(shan)就(jiu)是(shi)金(jin)山(shan)銀(yin)山(shan)的(de)理(li)念(nian),堅(jian)定(ding)不(bu)移(yi)走(zou)生(sheng)態(tai)優(you)先(xian)、綠色發展之路,站在人與自然和諧共生的高度謀劃發展。以碳達峰碳中和為牽引,協同推進降碳、減汙、擴綠、增長,構建清潔低碳安全高效的能源體係,加快綠色低碳技術應用,推動形成節約資源和保護環境的空間格局、產業結構、生產方式、生活方式,以生態“含綠量”提升發展“含金量”。
生sheng態tai安an全quan是shi國guo家jia安an全quan的de重zhong要yao基ji石shi。作zuo為wei綠lv色se生sheng產chan力li,新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li發fa展zhan與yu生sheng態tai安an全quan緊jin密mi相xiang連lian。必bi須xu堅jian持chi以yi總zong體ti國guo家jia安an全quan觀guan為wei指zhi導dao,從cong保bao障zhang國guo家jia生sheng態tai安an全quan、實現中華民族永續發展的高度出發,全麵提升生態係統多樣性、穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)和(he)持(chi)續(xu)性(xing)。要(yao)紮(zha)實(shi)推(tui)進(jin)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)修(xiu)複(fu),強(qiang)化(hua)監(jian)管(guan)效(xiao)能(neng),加(jia)快(kuai)建(jian)設(she)國(guo)家(jia)生(sheng)態(tai)安(an)全(quan)屏(ping)障(zhang),為(wei)子(zi)孫(sun)後(hou)代(dai)留(liu)下(xia)山(shan)清(qing)水(shui)秀(xiu)的(de)生(sheng)態(tai)空(kong)間(jian)。持(chi)續(xu)推(tui)進(jin)汙(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)攻(gong)堅(jian)和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)係(xi)統(tong)優(you)化(hua),積(ji)極(ji)有(you)效(xiao)應(ying)對(dui)各(ge)種(zhong)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)挑(tiao)戰(zhan),把(ba)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)納(na)入(ru)常(chang)態(tai)化(hua)管(guan)理(li),係(xi)統(tong)構(gou)建(jian)全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)、多層級生態環境風險防範體係。同時,完善國家生態安全工作協調機製,增強風險研判、監測預警、應急響應與處置能力,實現新質生產力發展與生態安全保障的良性互促。