http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-26 11:13:43 來源:人民郵電報
物聯網要想落地,應著重應用在哪些方麵?目前能看到的主要是環境監控、物wu品pin溯su源yuan以yi及ji智zhi能neng交jiao通tong,而er智zhi能neng交jiao通tong應ying該gai是shi物wu聯lian網wang落luo地di應ying用yong的de首shou選xuan。物wu聯lian網wang在zai智zhi能neng交jiao通tong領ling域yu的de應ying用yong之zhi所suo以yi得de到dao大da家jia的de重zhong視shi,是shi因yin為wei現xian在zai除chu了le大da城cheng市shi、tedachengshiyiwai,lianzhongdengchengshiyeyijingyudaolejiaotongyongduwenti,erqiezhegequshimanyandefeichangkuai。jiaotongyongdushijishangzaochenglechesudejiangdi,chanshengleweiqipaifang,zaochengledaqiwuran,tongshiranyouxiaohaoyefeichangda,zhebujinshiyigeshehuiwenti,qidailaidefangfangmianmiandeyingxiangyeshihenyanzhongde。ruguowulianwangnengbajiaotongwentijiejuehao,najiangshifeichanghaodeyingyong。zhezhongxuanzeshijishangyegeiwulianwangdefazhannaizhixiayidaixinxijishudefazhandailailexindejiyu。
更透徹的感知、gengquanmiandehulianhegengshenrudezhineng,zhegewomenlixiangzhongdezhinengjiaotongdemubiao,yiqianzaijishushanghaishixianbule,danshidaolewulianwangshidai,wulianwangjishukenengjiunengbangzhuzhinengjiaotongdachengxindejinbu。
中zhong國guo智zhi能neng交jiao通tong發fa展zhan的de過guo程cheng大da體ti上shang要yao經jing曆li三san個ge階jie段duan,首shou先xian是shi完wan善shan基ji礎chu設she施shi建jian設she,然ran後hou在zai這zhe個ge基ji礎chu上shang提ti高gao信xin息xi化hua程cheng度du,最zui後hou才cai能neng發fa展zhan智zhi能neng化hua的de交jiao通tong管guan理li。如ru果guo沒mei有you前qian兩liang個ge階jie段duan的de條tiao件jian和he基ji礎chu,智zhi能neng化hua的de交jiao通tong管guan理li很hen難nan實shi現xian。現xian在zai很hen多duo城cheng市shi都dou在zai投tou資zi建jian設she各ge種zhong各ge樣yang的de智zhi能neng交jiao通tong係xi統tong,但dan是shi很hen少shao看kan到dao這zhe些xie係xi統tong能neng起qi多duo大da作zuo用yong,就jiu是shi因yin為wei所suo處chu的de階jie段duan性xing。當dang然ran,有you些xie城cheng市shi比bi如ru北bei京jing、上海、廣州、深圳等,借助奧運會、大運會、世(shi)博(bo)會(hui)這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)契(qi)機(ji),智(zhi)能(neng)交(jiao)通(tong)係(xi)統(tong)建(jian)設(she)得(de)比(bi)較(jiao)好(hao),有(you)的(de)進(jin)入(ru)了(le)第(di)二(er)階(jie)段(duan),有(you)的(de)進(jin)入(ru)到(dao)第(di)三(san)階(jie)段(duan),但(dan)是(shi)從(cong)總(zong)體(ti)看(kan),我(wo)國(guo)智(zhi)能(neng)交(jiao)通(tong)建(jian)設(she)還(hai)處(chu)於(yu)完(wan)善(shan)基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)階(jie)段(duan),而(er)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)正(zheng)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)把(ba)握(wo)更(geng)好(hao)契(qi)機(ji)的(de)抓(zhua)手(shou)。
我(wo)們(men)現(xian)有(you)的(de)智(zhi)能(neng)交(jiao)通(tong)係(xi)統(tong)對(dui)車(che)輛(liang)的(de)感(gan)知(zhi)還(hai)是(shi)被(bei)動(dong)的(de)。也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)說(shuo),車(che)在(zai)行(xing)駛(shi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),要(yao)想(xiang)檢(jian)測(ce)到(dao)車(che)輛(liang)位(wei)置(zhi)或(huo)者(zhe)車(che)輛(liang)速(su)度(du),隻(zhi)能(neng)靠(kao)路(lu)邊(bian)的(de)設(she)備(bei)去(qu)抓(zhua)取(qu),而(er)目(mu)前(qian)這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)設(she)備(bei)建(jian)設(she)還(hai)不(bu)完(wan)備(bei),信(xin)息(xi)也(ye)不(bu)能(neng)共(gong)享(xiang),網(wang)絡(luo)傳(chuan)輸(shu)和(he)監(jian)控(kong)功(gong)能(neng)也(ye)不(bu)夠(gou)強(qiang)大(da),造(zao)成(cheng)了(le)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)的(de)程(cheng)度(du)很(hen)低(di),尤(you)其(qi)在(zai)信(xin)息(xi)服(fu)務(wu)和(he)交(jiao)通(tong)誘(you)導(dao)應(ying)用(yong)方(fang)麵(mian),由(you)於(yu)缺(que)少(shao)網(wang)絡(luo)化(hua)的(de)動(dong)態(tai)數(shu)據(ju)支(zhi)持(chi),不(bu)能(neng)夠(gou)提(ti)供(gong)精(jing)細(xi)化(hua)的(de)導(dao)航(hang)服(fu)務(wu),在(zai)交(jiao)通(tong)流(liu)量(liang)趨(qu)於(yu)飽(bao)和(he)的(de)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia),既(ji)不(bu)能(neng)夠(gou)緩(huan)解(jie)交(jiao)通(tong)擁(yong)堵(du),也(ye)沒(mei)有(you)辦(ban)法(fa)引(yin)導(dao)車(che)輛(liang)有(you)序(xu)行(xing)駛(shi)。
那(na)麼(me),下(xia)一(yi)代(dai)智(zhi)能(neng)交(jiao)通(tong),也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)時(shi)代(dai)的(de)智(zhi)能(neng)交(jiao)通(tong)將(jiang)是(shi)什(shen)麼(me)狀(zhuang)態(tai)呢(ne)?有(you)可(ke)能(neng)是(shi)以(yi)車(che)為(wei)對(dui)象(xiang)的(de)管(guan)理(li)模(mo)式(shi)。建(jian)立(li)以(yi)車(che)為(wei)節(jie)點(dian)的(de)信(xin)息(xi)係(xi)統(tong),是(shi)新(xin)一(yi)代(dai)智(zhi)能(neng)交(jiao)通(tong)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)向(xiang),也(ye)是(shi)智(zhi)慧(hui)城(cheng)市(shi)中(zhong)智(zhi)能(neng)交(jiao)通(tong)建(jian)設(she)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)內(nei)容(rong)。新(xin)一(yi)代(dai)智(zhi)能(neng)交(jiao)通(tong)係(xi)統(tong)或(huo)者(zhe)稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)車(che)聯(lian)網(wang),是(shi)將(jiang)現(xian)代(dai)通(tong)信(xin)技(ji)術(shu)、網絡傳感技術、雲端和移動計算技術、智能終端和車路協同技術、智能時空網絡控製技術等高新技術應用於整個交通管理體係,實現人車路更加全麵的感知、更深度和更靈活的信息共享,對交通流實施動態監管和網絡化智能控製,從而建立起一種和諧、平安、高效的節能環境,實現不堵車、不撞車的新一代智能交通係統。
新一代智能交通係統的基本組成,主要包括傳感網絡、移動互聯網、qicheyidongjisuanpingtaihezhongyangkongzhijisuanpingtai。xiayidaizhinengjiaotongxitongtongguoganzhizhuangzhihechuanganwangluoshixianhulianhutong,keyishishishoujihefankuicheliangzhuangkuangxinxi,duiqiyunxingzhuangtaijinxingzhangkong,tongguoyunjisuanduilukouluduanjianguanxinxi、管理信息、交通狀況、chesudengshujujinxingfenxi,xingchengduicheliudongtaihewangluojiaotongliushishikexuejiankongcelvedejuece。chelianwangjiangyizhinengjishuheyunjishulaizhichengfuwupingtai,yizhinengcheluxietonghejiaotongxietongshixianzhinengkongzhi,yichezaipingtaihequanluwangdongtaixinxifuwuzuoweichezaizhongduan,jiashangshujuchuli、決策處置的軟件和數據庫技術,在傳感網、互聯網、泛在網的環境下,對車輛路況進行實時智能監控。
從關注點來看,上世紀80年代的智能交通關注的是交通信息采集和傳遞,新一代智能交通關注的是交通信息分析、zhishiheguilvdefaxianyijijuecefanyingnengli。congfazhanmubiaolaikan,yuanlaizhinengjiaotongshiyidianzihuahewangluohuaweimubiao,erxinyidaizhinengjiaotongshiyigongnengzidonghuahejuecezhichiweimude。congshizhishanglaijiang,yuanlaidezhinengjiaotongshizhishangshiyongjisuanjihewangluoqudaichuantongdeshougongcaozuo,erxinyidaizhinengjiaotongxitongzeshizhinengjishuqudaiyuanxianxuyaorengongpanbiederenwu,congerdadaozuiyouhua。
所以,新一代智能交通係統的關鍵是車載終端的智能和移動計算的高效,在移動互聯、雲技術的支持下,實現高效移動寬帶網絡,將汽車傳感網和道路傳感網互聯,通過中央控製平台和汽車計算平台,實現對車、交通流量的精確調節和車輛自動控製調度,來達到暢通、安全。
新一代智能交通具有四個鮮明特點:在係統建設方麵,增強了係統集成和智能性與協作的靈活性;在公眾服務方麵,更加強調服務的內容和個性化,以及服務模式的人性化、智能化;在物聯網大背景下,強調交通信息係統最大限度地與其他各類信息係統實現互聯互通,進而催生全新的應用和服務方向;從未來看,新一代智能交通係統是作為戰略性新興產業的物聯網與智能交通兩大領域的重要交集,相當多的產業都將受益,傳感設備、網絡通信、汽車電子、車載終端、動態信息服務、移動計算等技術應用領域都將獲得飛躍式發展。