http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-27 14:18:04 來源:中國能源報

近(jin)期(qi),天(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)發(fa)電(dian)設(she)備(bei)維(wei)修(xiu)成(cheng)本(ben)過(guo)高(gao)備(bei)受(shou)業(ye)內(nei)熱(re)議(yi)。打(da)破(po)壟(long)斷(duan),實(shi)現(xian)設(she)備(bei)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)成(cheng)為(wei)能(neng)源(yuan)裝(zhuang)備(bei)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)期(qi)許(xu)。今(jin)年(nian)上(shang)半(ban)年(nian),中(zhong)國(guo)質(zhi)量(liang)協(xie)會(hui)發(fa)布(bu)的(de)2013年全國裝備製造業企業質量管理現狀調查報告顯示,裝備製造企業質量管理成熟度平均值為63.5分(滿分100分),被調查企業關鍵設備的國產化率隻有52.4%。質量管理不成熟、關鍵設備和零部件國產化率低,依然是製約我國裝備製造業轉型升級的主要瓶頸。
業內專家表示,目前一個不可回避的事實是,在裝備製造向高端化、chengtaohuafazhandequshixia,peitaojichujianduanbanxiaoyingyuelaiyuemingxian,guanjianlingbujianyilaijinkou,guowaishebeijituanlongduan,chengweiwoguozhizaoyezuoqiangzuodaderuanlei。zaijingjishang,waishangzonghuiqiezhongyaohaidetaigaoguanjianlingbujianjiage,shidezhuangbeizhizaoyerengshouzhiyuguowai。
用戶的選擇 促使國產裝備“敗下陣地”
據ju記ji者zhe了le解jie,目mu前qian與yu國guo外wai設she備bei相xiang比bi,國guo產chan設she備bei的de最zui大da優you勢shi還hai是shi在zai於yu價jia格ge,一yi般ban國guo產chan設she備bei的de價jia格ge僅jin為wei進jin口kou同tong類lei產chan品pin的de二er分fen之zhi一yi或huo三san分fen之zhi一yi,高gao檔dang次ci的de產chan品pin與yu國guo外wai同tong類lei產chan品pin相xiang比bi價jia格ge差cha距ju更geng大da,部bu分fen設she備bei已yi經jing完wan全quan實shi現xian國guo產chan化hua。但dan即ji便bian如ru此ci,國guo內nei的de采cai購gou用yong戶hu卻que仍reng以yi各ge種zhong借jie口kou拒ju絕jue使shi用yong,或huo者zhe人ren為wei設she置zhi各ge種zhong障zhang礙ai,增zeng加jia國guo產chan裝zhuang備bei進jin入ru大da型xing市shi場chang的de門men檻kan。還hai有you一yi些xie使shi用yong單dan位wei在zai采cai購gou設she備bei時shi,盲mang目mu追zhui求qiu使shi用yong國guo外wai先xian進jin的de技ji術shu和he設she備bei,既ji不bu考kao慮lv性xing價jia比bi,也ye不bu考kao慮lv國guo內nei製zhi造zao業ye的de同tong步bu發fa展zhan。一yi項xiang技ji術shu還hai沒mei有you推tui廣guang,又you去qu追zhui求qiu其qi他ta技ji術shu或huo裝zhuang備bei,造zao成cheng同tong類lei裝zhuang備bei的de重zhong複fu引yin進jin。
記ji者zhe在zai調tiao查zha中zhong,多duo數shu人ren認ren同tong國guo產chan設she備bei在zai市shi場chang采cai購gou中zhong受shou歧qi視shi這zhe一yi現xian實shi。在zai近jin幾ji年nian海hai關guan進jin出chu口kou的de統tong計ji數shu據ju中zhong發fa現xian,隨sui著zhe我wo國guo裝zhuang備bei製zhi造zao水shui平ping的de穩wen步bu提ti高gao,重zhong大da裝zhuang備bei的de進jin口kou數shu量liang和he金jin額e卻que並bing未wei減jian少shao,反fan之zhi還hai在zai增zeng加jia。
zhendeshiwoguodezhuangbeichanpinbunengmanzujingjikuaisufazhandexuyaoma?qishiburan。yimingcongshishebeicaigoudeyeneirenshigaosujizhe,muqianzuaishebeiguochanhuafazhan,guoneideyixiecaigouyonghuyoubuketuixiedezeren。liru,zaishebeitoubiaozhongzhexieyonghuyibanhuichuxiansizhongbiaoxian,diyizhong,yezhuhuimingquebiaoshi,zhiyongjinkoushebei,guochanshebeimiantan,guoneichangshangzhijiechibimengeng。dierzhong,yezhuzaibiaoshuzhongwanquantaoyongguowaishebeidejishucanshu。youyuguoneiwaishebeidejishubiaozhun、參can數shu不bu盡jin相xiang同tong,使shi參can加jia招zhao投tou標biao的de國guo內nei廠chang家jia無wu所suo適shi從cong,根gen本ben不bu可ke能neng中zhong標biao。第di三san種zhong,業ye主zhu的de采cai購gou標biao書shu隻zhi賣mai給gei國guo外wai廠chang商shang。第di四si種zhong,業ye主zhu幹gan脆cui在zai標biao書shu中zhong直zhi接jie指zhi定ding采cai購gou某mou國guo公gong司si的de某mou種zhong產chan品pin。
一yi位wei石shi油you專zhuan家jia表biao示shi,近jin十shi年nian來lai,我wo國guo大da型xing石shi油you設she備bei已yi經jing重zhong複fu進jin口kou多duo套tao,就jiu目mu前qian我wo們men裝zhuang備bei製zhi造zao行xing業ye的de設she計ji和he製zhi造zao水shui平ping來lai說shuo,已yi經jing具ju備bei生sheng產chan能neng力li了le。但dan是shi,國guo內nei一yi些xie用yong戶hu仍reng是shi以yi老lao眼yan光guang來lai看kan待dai國guo產chan設she備bei,一yi提ti國guo產chan,就jiu有you莫mo名ming的de顧gu慮lv,不bu願yuan使shi用yong國guo產chan設she備bei,國guo家jia花hua了le大da量liang資zi金jin引yin進jin技ji術shu,製zhi造zao企qi業ye消xiao化hua吸xi收shou後hou也ye開kai發fa了le許xu多duo新xin產chan品pin,但dan往wang往wang因yin沒mei有you依yi托tuo工gong程cheng而er得de不bu到dao驗yan證zheng,或huo被bei用yong戶hu以yi沒mei有you運yun行xing業ye績ji為wei由you剝bo奪duo投tou標biao資zi格ge,使shi我wo們men製zhi造zao裝zhuang備bei企qi業ye沒mei有you實shi踐jian的de機ji會hui。產chan品pin如ru果guo沒mei有you實shi踐jian的de機ji會hui,技ji術shu也ye就jiu沒mei有you得de到dao改gai進jin的de機ji會hui。
國人應當擁有 “生土不二”的國貨情結
即(ji)使(shi)國(guo)內(nei)產(chan)品(pin)做(zuo)得(de)不(bu)好(hao)也(ye)要(yao)嚐(chang)試(shi)去(qu)用(yong),發(fa)現(xian)問(wen)題(ti),從(cong)而(er)改(gai)進(jin)。這(zhe)一(yi)點(dian),在(zai)韓(han)國(guo)就(jiu)有(you)典(dian)型(xing)的(de)例(li)子(zi)。其(qi)國(guo)人(ren)的(de)國(guo)貨(huo)情(qing)結(jie)體(ti)現(xian)在(zai)每(mei)個(ge)國(guo)人(ren)身(shen)上(shang)。有(you)媒(mei)體(ti)報(bao)道(dao),韓(han)國(guo)明(ming)星(xing)金(jin)喜(xi)善(shan)曾(zeng)被(bei)邀(yao)請(qing)到(dao)中(zhong)國(guo)來(lai)參(can)加(jia)商(shang)業(ye)活(huo)動(dong),金(jin)喜(xi)善(shan)發(fa)現(xian)車(che)隊(dui)中(zhong)沒(mei)有(you)韓(han)國(guo)車(che),就(jiu)拒(ju)絕(jue)乘(cheng)坐(zuo)德(de)國(guo)進(jin)口(kou)車(che)離(li)開(kai)。金(jin)喜(xi)善(shan)說(shuo)自(zi)己(ji)是(shi)韓(han)國(guo)人(ren),就(jiu)應(ying)該(gai)坐(zuo)本(ben)國(guo)車(che)。前(qian)蘇(su)聯(lian)也(ye)是(shi)如(ru)此(ci),國(guo)人(ren)普(pu)遍(bian)有(you)濃(nong)厚(hou)的(de)國(guo)貨(huo)情(qing)結(jie)。而(er)事(shi)實(shi)證(zheng)明(ming)裝(zhuang)備(bei)產(chan)品(pin)隻(zhi)有(you)經(jing)過(guo)"用",才能變得越來越好。
中(zhong)國(guo)機(ji)械(xie)工(gong)業(ye)聯(lian)合(he)會(hui)原(yuan)總(zong)工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)隋(sui)永(yong)濱(bin)指(zhi)出(chu),振(zhen)興(xing)裝(zhuang)備(bei)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)任(ren)重(zhong)道(dao)遠(yuan),是(shi)一(yi)項(xiang)長(chang)期(qi)的(de)戰(zhan)略(lve)部(bu)署(shu)和(he)安(an)排(pai),雖(sui)然(ran)國(guo)家(jia)已(yi)經(jing)出(chu)台(tai)相(xiang)關(guan)政(zheng)策(ce)支(zhi)持(chi)重(zhong)大(da)裝(zhuang)備(bei)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua),但(dan)未(wei)來(lai)5年nian內nei,中zhong國guo重zhong大da裝zhuang備bei製zhi造zao行xing業ye如ru果guo不bu能neng打da造zao出chu幾ji個ge大da集ji團tuan,形xing成cheng自zi己ji的de特te色se,在zai關guan鍵jian裝zhuang備bei方fang麵mian實shi現xian國guo產chan化hua,裝zhuang備bei製zhi造zao業ye真zhen正zheng意yi義yi的de振zhen興xing仍reng將jiang遙yao遙yao無wu期qi。故gu而er,相xiang關guan企qi業ye應ying該gai時shi刻ke把ba握wo市shi場chang的de脈mai搏bo,樹shu立li集ji團tuan作zuo戰zhan的de意yi識shi;相關用戶應給予大力的支持和配合,應有韓國人“生土不二”的精神,為重大裝備的國產化提供必需的市場機會。
莫讓“本土化” 阻礙“國產化”步伐
在zai經jing濟ji全quan球qiu化hua的de今jin天tian,很hen多duo跨kua國guo公gong司si選xuan擇ze在zai海hai外wai投tou資zi建jian立li生sheng產chan製zhi造zao基ji地di。目mu前qian很hen多duo外wai資zi企qi業ye在zai華hua建jian廠chang。國guo內nei用yong戶hu買mai的de是shi合he資zi企qi業ye的de產chan品pin,雖sui然ran這zhe些xie產chan品pin都dou是shi在zai國guo內nei生sheng產chan,但dan其qi80%的de零ling部bu件jian是shi從cong國guo外wai的de母mu廠chang進jin口kou的de,這zhe些xie產chan品pin國guo產chan化hua的de技ji術shu含han量liang幾ji乎hu沒mei有you,而er這zhe種zhong產chan品pin在zai目mu前qian市shi場chang中zhong又you占zhan據ju著zhe相xiang當dang大da的de比bi重zhong,無wu形xing中zhong擠ji占zhan了le國guo內nei裝zhuang備bei製zhi造zao產chan品pin的de發fa展zhan空kong間jian。
原機械工業部副部長陸燕蓀告訴記者,近期,一些國外裝備企業通過資本、技術入股等方式在我國投資辦廠,在我們看來,實現了技術裝備的“本土化”。這對於我方學習先進管理經驗、吸收先進技術無疑有著積極意義。但必須清醒地認識到,這些“本土化”了的技術裝備產品,表麵看是在我國生產的,但其關鍵核心技術多掌握在外方,產品最有價值的部分並不是“國產”的。因此,不能因為“本土化”技術裝備產品的增加,而放鬆技術裝備“國產化”的步伐。
duiyuyonghueryan,xiwanggoumaideshebeizhiliangyouliang,jishuxianjin,zhedouwukehoufei。dangran,guoneiqiyezaituijinguochanhuadedaolushangyecunzaixuduozhiliangshangdewenti,danbunengyincifourenqiqudedeguochanhuachengji,huaiyiqiguochanhuadeshuiping,jujuedajianpingtai、geiyuzhanxiandejihui。congmouzhongyiyishangeryan,zuoweichanyelianshangxiayouguanxi,yonghuhezhuangbeiyerutongchunchi,cunzaijinmideguanxi,yirongjurong,yisunjusun。yinci,ruoxiangzuoqiangwoguozhuangbeizhizaoye,shixianwoguozhuangbeizhizaoyedeqiangguozhimeng,jiasutuijinzhuangbeizhizaoyeguochanhuajincheng,shixianqizizhuhuachuangxin,shiwoguozhengfu、製造企業和用戶共同的責任與使命。