http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-27 06:54:08 來源:中國工業報
我wo國guo目mu前qian處chu於yu工gong業ye化hua的de中zhong後hou期qi,工gong業ye化hua的de任ren務wu仍reng十shi分fen艱jian巨ju。信xin息xi通tong信xin技ji術shu的de迅xun猛meng發fa展zhan,把ba我wo們men較jiao早zao地di帶dai入ru了le信xin息xi時shi代dai。在zai信xin息xi時shi代dai來lai完wan成cheng工gong業ye化hua時shi期qi的de任ren務wu,已yi不bu能neng沿yan襲xi早zao期qi工gong業ye化hua國guo家jia走zou過guo的de路lu,必須走一條中國特色的新型工業化路子,那就是科技含量高、經濟效益好、資源消耗低、環境汙染小、人力資源優勢得到充分發揮的新型工業化道路。
國家信息化專家谘詢委員會委員、中國機械工業聯合會副會長、特te別bie顧gu問wen朱zhu森sen第di認ren為wei,製zhi造zao業ye在zai我wo國guo的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan中zhong起qi著zhe十shi分fen重zhong要yao的de角jiao色se,製zhi造zao業ye兩liang化hua融rong合he的de途tu徑jing大da致zhi可ke以yi歸gui納na為wei六liu條tiao路lu徑jing,選xuan擇ze正zheng確que的de途tu徑jing,則ze成cheng為wei製zhi造zao業ye兩liang化hua融rong合he的de關guan鍵jian。
途徑一:發展智能化生產工具
信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)滲(shen)透(tou)性(xing)和(he)擴(kuo)展(zhan)性(xing)極(ji)強(qiang),如(ru)今(jin)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)和(he)裝(zhuang)備(bei)中(zhong)已(yi)融(rong)入(ru)了(le)各(ge)種(zhong)各(ge)樣(yang)的(de)信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)。信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)和(he)其(qi)他(ta)各(ge)種(zhong)高(gao)新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)發(fa)展(zhan)迅(xun)速(su),層(ceng)出(chu)不(bu)窮(qiong),製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)和(he)裝(zhuang)備(bei)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)地(di)吸(xi)納(na)這(zhe)些(xie)技(ji)術(shu),產(chan)品(pin)層(ceng)級(ji)不(bu)斷(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)。裝(zhuang)備(bei)的(de)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua),逐(zhu)漸(jian)使(shi)其(qi)成(cheng)為(wei)各(ge)產(chan)業(ye)部(bu)門(men)的(de)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)具(ju)。隨(sui)著(zhe)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)具(ju)的(de)普(pu)遍(bian)使(shi)用(yong),製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)兩(liang)化(hua)融(rong)合(he)將(jiang)加(jia)快(kuai)進(jin)入(ru)智(zhi)能(neng)時(shi)代(dai)的(de)步(bu)伐(fa)。
途徑二:精益製造智能製造
兩化融合正在製造過程的各個環節,從設計到生產、到管理,從營銷到服務,往深度和廣度普遍推進。就廣度而言,兩化融合正在從技術到管理、從設計到研製、從生產到營銷、從主機到配套、從檢測到維修、從培訓到服務、congqiyedaoqiyejiandenggegefangmiantuijin。jiushendueryan,shejihezhizaocongerweixiangquansanweiguodu,shiyanheyanzhengcongshiwuyangpinfazhandaoxunifangzhen,jishuheyingyongcongdanyuandaoxitongjicheng,liuchenghetixicongchuanxing、區域協同到並行、全麵協同。隨著兩化融合的不斷深入推進,製造業將實現精益製造、智能製造,製造企業將成為精益企業和數字化企業。
途徑三:節能減排綠色製造
我國製造業的單位能耗一直居高不下,需通過兩化融合,使製造業實現節能減排、綠lv色se製zhi造zao。信xin息xi化hua,有you利li於yu實shi現xian產chan品pin輕qing量liang化hua設she計ji和he合he理li化hua設she計ji,由you此ci減jian少shao材cai料liao的de消xiao耗hao,進jin而er減jian少shao製zhi造zao的de資zi源yuan浪lang費fei,提ti高gao資zi源yuan利li用yong效xiao率lv。信xin息xi化hua,有you利li於yu提ti高gao產chan品pin質zhi量liang,減jian少shao廢fei品pin,這zhe是shi節jie能neng的de一yi個ge重zhong要yao方fang麵mian。信xin息xi化hua在zai加jia強qiang能neng效xiao管guan理li,減jian少shao交jiao易yi中zhong的de浪lang費fei,同tong樣yang能neng發fa揮hui重zhong要yao作zuo用yong。監jian管guan整zheng個ge供gong應ying鏈lian和he逆ni向xiang供gong應ying鏈lian,建jian立li產chan品pin生sheng命ming周zhou期qi評ping價jia係xi統tong,更geng是shi離li不bu開kai信xin息xi化hua。綠lv色se製zhi造zao則ze需xu要yao在zai設she計ji階jie段duan就jiu考kao慮lv產chan品pin易yi維wei修xiu、可拆卸、可再生、低排放、低耗能;在加工過程中應使用無汙染的焊料、塗料,應用幹式切削、可控氣氛熱處理、真空熱處理、近淨成形等少無汙染工藝和提高材料利用率的工藝。包裝材料的選用,則應考慮可回收、kejiangjie,shaofeiqi。chanpinshengmingzhouqijieshuhou,chanpindehuishouzaiyonghezaizhizao,yexubuduantuiguang。zheyiqie,doushizhizaoyelianghuaronghedezhongyaoneirong,yeshixinxihuadeyongwuzhidi。
途徑四:遠程監控安全生產
製zhi造zao業ye的de安an全quan生sheng產chan,是shi一yi個ge永yong恒heng的de主zhu題ti,始shi終zhong是shi製zhi造zao業ye發fa展zhan中zhong不bu可ke忽hu視shi的de課ke題ti。利li用yong信xin息xi技ji術shu,對dui生sheng產chan過guo程cheng,尤you其qi對dui危wei險xian作zuo業ye的de生sheng產chan過guo程cheng實shi行xing全quan過guo程cheng監jian控kong,是shi保bao證zheng安an全quan生sheng產chan的de重zhong要yao措cuo施shi。對dui大da型xing關guan鍵jian設she備bei,利li用yong信xin息xi技ji術shu和he網wang絡luo技ji術shu,進jin行xing實shi時shi和he遠yuan程cheng監jian控kong,可ke預yu警jing事shi故gu的de發fa生sheng,從cong而er避bi免mian因yin大da型xing關guan鍵jian設she備bei的de故gu障zhang而er導dao致zhi係xi統tong和he工gong廠chang的de停ting運yun,及ji由you此ci帶dai來lai的de重zhong大da損sun失shi。在zai很hen多duo作zuo業ye場chang所suo,還hai可ke以yi利li用yong物wu聯lian網wang技ji術shu,對dui進jin行xing生sheng產chan作zuo業ye的de人ren和he設she備bei進jin行xing全quan過guo程cheng監jian測ce、監控,保證作業人員的人身安全,發現作業過程中的隱患,防止事故發生。一旦出現事故,也便於施救。
途徑五:構建現代產業體係
全quan麵mian提ti高gao信xin息xi化hua水shui平ping,尤you其qi是shi製zhi造zao業ye的de信xin息xi化hua水shui平ping是shi構gou建jian現xian代dai產chan業ye體ti係xi的de關guan鍵jian。傳chuan統tong製zhi造zao業ye的de提ti升sheng,有you賴lai信xin息xi化hua,戰zhan略lve性xing新xin興xing產chan業ye的de培pei育yu和he發fa展zhan,更geng需xu要yao信xin息xi技ji術shu的de支zhi撐cheng和he融rong入ru。構gou建jian現xian代dai產chan業ye體ti係xi的de要yao點dian是shi,改gai造zao提ti升sheng製zhi造zao業ye,培pei育yu發fa展zhan戰zhan略lve性xing新xin興xing產chan業ye,加jia快kuai發fa展zhan服fu務wu業ye,加jia強qiang現xian代dai能neng源yuan產chan業ye和he綜zong合he運yun輸shu體ti係xi建jian設she,全quan麵mian提ti高gao信xin息xi化hua水shui平ping,發fa展zhan海hai洋yang經jing濟ji。
戰略性新興產業,無論是節能環保、生物、高端裝備製造,還是新能源、新材料、新能源汽車,都需要信息技術的滲透、rongruhexinxihuashuipingdetigao,zhiyuxinyidaixinxijishu,qibenshenjiushilianghuaronghedezhuyaoneirong。zhizaoyedelianghuaronghe,haijiangcuishengyipixinxingchanye,zhuangdazhanlvexingxinxingchanye。
suizhezhizaoyedeshengchanbianchengdapiliangdingzhishengchanfangshi,chanpindelirunkongjianyuelaiyueshoudaojiya,erfuwudezengzhi,zaizhizaoguochengzhongsuozhandebizhongyuelaiyueda,zhujianxingchengzhizaoyufuwuxiangronghedexindechanyexingtai———fuwuxingzhizao。fuwuxingzhizaoxiangkehutigongdebujinjinshichanpin,haibaokuoyituochanpindefuwu,huozhengtijiejuefangan,yebaokuoweiraochanpinshengchandegeleifuwu。congshengchanxingzhizaoxiangfuwuxingzhizaodezhuanbian,zheshizhizaoyedezhongyaoyiyue。
途徑六:發展電子信息產業
製zhi造zao業ye兩liang化hua融rong合he,需xu要yao大da量liang的de電dian子zi信xin息xi產chan品pin,需xu要yao通tong信xin及ji網wang絡luo,需xu要yao工gong業ye軟ruan件jian。如ru果guo我wo國guo的de電dian子zi信xin息xi產chan業ye不bu能neng滿man足zu兩liang化hua融rong合he的de需xu要yao,必bi將jiang延yan緩huan我wo國guo兩liang化hua融rong合he的de進jin程cheng,並bing為wei國guo外wai的de電dian子zi信xin息xi產chan品pin和he軟ruan件jian提ti供gong了le可ke觀guan的de市shi場chang機ji遇yu。
製造業兩化融合的內容非常豐富,意義十分重大。製造業真正實現兩化融合之時,即是製造業實現轉型升級、由中國製造走向中國創造之日。選擇正確的途徑,則成為製造業兩化融合的關鍵。