http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-27 07:45:04 來源:中國自動化學會專家谘詢工作委員會
嗚嗚亂叫的祖拉喇叭,在南非世界杯成為了最為特殊的“樂器”,讓rang全quan世shi界jie都dou為wei之zhi矚zhu目mu。而er祖zu拉la的de製zhi造zao地di在zai中zhong國guo,這zhe讓rang國guo人ren感gan到dao很hen自zi豪hao。或huo許xu普pu天tian同tong慶qing和he祖zu拉la等deng等deng中zhong國guo製zhi造zao是shi中zhong國guo與yu南nan非fei世shi界jie杯bei聯lian係xi最zui為wei緊jin密mi的de東dong西xi了le,但中國製造在南非並非大賺特賺。因為中國製造是在價值鏈的微笑曲線的中間,價值鏈最低的利潤部分,甚至有些產品的利潤隻能有2%。
微笑嘴形的一條曲線,兩端朝上,在產業鏈中,附加值更多體現在兩端――shejihexiaoshou,chuyuzhongjianhuanjiedezhizaofujiazhizuidi。zhongguozhizaozhengshizaizhongjianhuanjie,yinci,biandizhongguohuodenanfeishijiebei,zhongguoquezhihuodeleyingtouxiaoli。
這zhe些xie產chan品pin,雖sui然ran在zai某mou種zhong程cheng度du上shang替ti代dai了le國guo足zu在zai南nan非fei的de缺que席xi,但dan毫hao無wu疑yi問wen,當dang全quan世shi界jie將jiang目mu光guang聚ju焦jiao在zai南nan非fei的de各ge個ge賽sai場chang上shang時shi,獲huo利li並bing不bu豐feng厚hou的de中zhong國guo製zhi造zao鋪pu天tian蓋gai地di闖chuang進jin各ge國guo的de世shi界jie,中zhong國guo製zhi造zao成cheng為wei眾zhong矢shi之zhi的de是shi難nan以yi避bi免mian的de。
很(hen)多(duo)外(wai)國(guo)政(zheng)客(ke)將(jiang)其(qi)國(guo)內(nei)失(shi)業(ye)和(he)經(jing)濟(ji)蕭(xiao)條(tiao)歸(gui)結(jie)為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)製(zhi)造(zao)的(de)衝(chong)擊(ji),比(bi)如(ru)美(mei)國(guo),一(yi)再(zai)要(yao)求(qiu)人(ren)民(min)幣(bi)升(sheng)值(zhi)。人(ren)民(min)幣(bi)升(sheng)值(zhi)對(dui)於(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)製(zhi)造(zao)的(de)衝(chong)擊(ji)十(shi)分(fen)沉(chen)重(zhong),而(er)且(qie),資(zi)源(yuan)成(cheng)本(ben)上(shang)升(sheng)和(he)勞(lao)動(dong)力(li)成(cheng)本(ben)上(shang)升(sheng)都(dou)結(jie)結(jie)實(shi)實(shi)地(di)對(dui)廉(lian)價(jia)的(de)中(zhong)國(guo)製(zhi)造(zao)提(ti)出(chu)了(le)嚴(yan)峻(jun)挑(tiao)戰(zhan)。
中國製造需要走向微笑曲線兩端,這是大勢所趨。但是,當前中國製造升級麵臨以下幾個困難:
第(di)一(yi),中(zhong)國(guo)製(zhi)造(zao)升(sheng)級(ji)換(huan)代(dai)所(suo)需(xu)要(yao)的(de)基(ji)礎(chu)環(huan)境(jing)還(hai)很(hen)難(nan)在(zai)短(duan)期(qi)內(nei)改(gai)進(jin)。製(zhi)約(yue)中(zhong)國(guo)製(zhi)造(zao)最(zui)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)難(nan)題(ti)是(shi)壟(long)斷(duan)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)開(kai)放(fang)有(you)限(xian),民(min)企(qi)還(hai)心(xin)有(you)餘(yu)而(er)力(li)不(bu)足(zu)。以(yi)前(qian)開(kai)放(fang)的(de)產(chan)業(ye)現(xian)在(zai)都(dou)沒(mei)有(you)多(duo)大(da)利(li)潤(run)了(le),新(xin)的(de)空(kong)間(jian)開(kai)啟(qi)還(hai)需(xu)要(yao)決(jue)斷(duan)。新(xin)36條,現在還在紙上。
第di二er,中zhong國guo製zhi造zao的de升sheng級ji換huan代dai需xu要yao一yi個ge良liang好hao的de國guo際ji經jing濟ji環huan境jing,但dan最zui近jin一yi段duan時shi間jian,國guo際ji經jing濟ji環huan境jing並bing不bu好hao。很hen多duo國guo家jia都dou在zai搞gao貨huo幣bi貶bian值zhi,偏pian偏pian逼bi著zhe人ren民min幣bi升sheng值zhi。其qi實shi,這zhe些xie政zheng客ke都dou知zhi道dao,他ta們men國guo內nei經jing濟ji不bu好hao與yu中zhong國guo基ji本ben上shang沒mei什shen麼me太tai大da的de聯lian係xi,但dan中zhong國guo製zhi造zao卻que成cheng為wei了le一yi個ge替ti罪zui羊yang,必bi要yao的de時shi候hou拿na出chu來lai用yong用yong,企qi圖tu化hua解jie國guo內nei危wei機ji。何he況kuang,現xian在zai很hen多duo第di三san世shi界jie國guo家jia正zheng在zai替ti代dai中zhong國guo製zhi造zao,這zhe些xie都dou對dui中zhong國guo製zhi造zao帶dai來lai了le壓ya力li。
disan,guoneilaodonglichengbendeshangsheng,yijingposhiyixieqiyebanlizhongguo。fushikangshijianzhihou,bushaoqiyedouganjiaodaolegongzichengbenshangshengdeyali,zheduizhongguozhizaolaishuo,chengbenyoushizhengzaichengweilieshi。
第(di)四(si),人(ren)民(min)幣(bi)的(de)升(sheng)值(zhi)讓(rang)出(chu)口(kou)很(hen)困(kun)難(nan),企(qi)業(ye)利(li)潤(run)正(zheng)在(zai)趨(qu)近(jin)於(yu)零(ling)。由(you)於(yu)出(chu)口(kou)受(shou)限(xian),大(da)量(liang)資(zi)本(ben)開(kai)始(shi)轉(zhuan)而(er)投(tou)資(zi)上(shang)遊(you)的(de)資(zi)源(yuan)和(he)資(zi)產(chan),導(dao)致(zhi)了(le)資(zi)產(chan)價(jia)格(ge)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)上(shang)漲(zhang),以(yi)及(ji)產(chan)品(pin)成(cheng)品(pin)的(de)增(zeng)加(jia),但(dan)實(shi)體(ti)經(jing)濟(ji)由(you)於(yu)外(wai)需(xu)和(he)內(nei)需(xu)的(de)不(bu)足(zu),依(yi)然(ran)處(chu)於(yu)去(qu)過(guo)剩(sheng)產(chan)能(neng)化(hua)階(jie)段(duan)。
第五,中國製造的聲譽難說有多好。
zhejieshijiebeizhongguozhizaodebiduanyijingbaoludegouchongfenle,zheyaobizhongguozuqiubuchuxianyanjundeduo。yinweiguozubujinshijiebeijuesai,dingduoshirangguorenhenbushufu,danruguozhongguozhizaowentinanyijiejue,huozhexingchenggengdadesijie,sunhaidekenengjiushiwomendejingjizengchangyijishehuianle。heshizhongguozhizaonenggoubuzaiweixiaoquxiandezhongjian,ershiyidaogenggaofujiazhideliangduan,shiwomenbudeburenzhensikaodewenti。(來源:第一財經日報朱大鳴)