http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-27 04:12:23 來源:中國軟件行業協會嵌入式係統分會副秘書長何小慶
【導讀:wulunshizhinengchuanganqi,wuxianwangluohaishijisuanjijishuzhongxinxixianshihechulidoubaohanledaliangqianrushixitongjishuheyingyong。wulianwangshiqianrushixitongyizhongxindeyingyong,bijiaochuantongdeqianrushixitongyingyong,wulianwangyingyongdecengcigengjiafengfuhefuza,jiyoubiaoxianzaichuangancengshangdeshishiyingyong,haiyouzaijisuanhewangluoyingyongcengshangdehailiangdeshujuchulihefenxigongzuo。】
最近參加了中國電子學會舉辦的2010年(nian)中(zhong)國(guo)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)大(da)會(hui),可(ke)謂(wei)盛(sheng)況(kuang)空(kong)前(qian)。物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)在(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)發(fa)展(zhan)如(ru)火(huo)如(ru)荼(tu),許(xu)多(duo)電(dian)子(zi)設(she)計(ji)和(he)嵌(qian)入(ru)式(shi)係(xi)統(tong)人(ren)士(shi)都(dou)投(tou)身(shen)其(qi)中(zhong),了(le)解(jie)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)發(fa)展(zhan)動(dong)向(xiang),掌(zhang)握(wo)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)核(he)心(xin)技(ji)術(shu),正(zheng)確(que)把(ba)握(wo)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)給(gei)電(dian)子(zi)設(she)計(ji)和(he)嵌(qian)入(ru)式(shi)係(xi)統(tong)帶(dai)來(lai)的(de)機(ji)遇(yu)是(shi)我(wo)們(men)應(ying)該(gai)思(si)考(kao)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)。
物聯網概念和內涵之爭
物聯網是一個涵蓋傳感器技術,計算機技術和網絡技術為一體的綜合性技術,是一個麵向工程應用的技術。 究(jiu)竟(jing)是(shi)傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)技(ji)術(shu)還(hai)是(shi)網(wang)絡(luo)技(ji)術(shu)在(zai)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)中(zhong)啟(qi)動(dong)主(zhu)導(dao)地(di)位(wei),現(xian)在(zai)有(you)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)看(kan)法(fa),比(bi)如(ru)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)是(shi)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)的(de)延(yan)伸(shen),這(zhe)個(ge)觀(guan)點(dian)代(dai)表(biao)了(le)網(wang)絡(luo)一(yi)派(pai)的(de)觀(guan)點(dian),感(gan)是(shi)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)的(de)基(ji)石(shi),這(zhe)代(dai)表(biao)了(le)傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)一(yi)派(pai)的(de)觀(guan)點(dian);我(wo)看(kan)這(zhe)個(ge)不(bu)是(shi)很(hen)重(zhong)要(yao),反(fan)正(zheng)雙(shuang)方(fang)缺(que)一(yi)不(bu)可(ke),究(jiu)竟(jing)結(jie)論(lun)如(ru)何(he)呢(ne),我(wo)看(kan)隨(sui)著(zhe)發(fa)展(zhan)以(yi)後(hou)就(jiu)有(you)結(jie)論(lun)了(le),總(zong)的(de)看(kan),物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)包(bao)含(han)三(san)大(da)核(he)心(xin)技(ji)術(shu)這(zhe)個(ge)觀(guan)點(dian)得(de)到(dao)廣(guang)泛(fan)認(ren)同(tong)。
物聯網與嵌入式係統密不可分
無論是智能傳感器,無線網絡還是計算機技術中信息顯示和處理都包含了大量嵌入式係統技術和應用。在會議上,我們看到杭州利爾達公司的無線抄表模塊,就是在他們多年MSP430單片機上開發基礎上的物聯網應用。北京博創公司演示的智能家居係統更是一個典型的嵌入式係統,是基於他們多年積累的ARM/Linuxdekaifapingtaihegezhongjiatingchuangandanyuanzuchenglewulianwangxitong,zhegeguandian,zaizhutiluntanhefenluntanfayanzhongdoudedaoleguangfanderentong。gengyouxuezhezaihuiyijiang,wulianwangshijiaochakexue,zaijinqifazhanzhongdezhinengchuanganqixinpianjishu,wulianwangqianrushiruanjianjishushilianggezhongdianfazhanfangxiang,zheyuqianrushixitongfazhangengshixixixiangguanle,mianxiangyingyongdeSoC芯(xin)片(pian)和(he)嵌(qian)入(ru)式(shi)軟(ruan)件(jian)是(shi)未(wei)來(lai)嵌(qian)入(ru)式(shi)係(xi)統(tong)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)重(zhong)點(dian)。實(shi)際(ji)上(shang),我(wo)的(de)理(li)解(jie)是(shi),物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)是(shi)嵌(qian)入(ru)式(shi)係(xi)統(tong)一(yi)種(zhong)新(xin)的(de)應(ying)用(yong),比(bi)較(jiao)傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)嵌(qian)入(ru)式(shi)係(xi)統(tong)應(ying)用(yong),物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)應(ying)用(yong)的(de)層(ceng)次(ci)更(geng)加(jia)豐(feng)富(fu)和(he)複(fu)雜(za),即(ji)有(you)表(biao)現(xian)在(zai)傳(chuan)感(gan)層(ceng)上(shang)的(de)實(shi)時(shi)應(ying)用(yong),還(hai)有(you)在(zai)計(ji)算(suan)和(he)網(wang)絡(luo)應(ying)用(yong)層(ceng)上(shang)的(de)海(hai)量(liang)的(de)數(shu)據(ju)處(chu)理(li)和(he)分(fen)析(xi)工(gong)作(zuo)。
物聯網學科建設才剛剛開始
與嵌入式係統至今沒有獨立的學科和專業不同,物聯網的情況就大不相同了,有近700所大學申請了物聯網專業,已經批準了20家,那麼專業有了,課程和試驗體係正在積極議論中。我看到的問題是;大學四年(實際上,因為就業的壓力隻有三年多時間)學業中,如何把握三大學科技術課程在物聯網專業中的設置,這是個大的問題,如果設置的課程多了,學生無法真正學會;設置少了,學生又沒有學到東西,本科4-8年(nian)學(xue)科(ke)建(jian)設(she)周(zhou)期(qi)和(he)人(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養(yang),到(dao)時(shi)候(hou)畢(bi)業(ye)的(de)出(chu)路(lu)都(dou)將(jiang)是(shi)學(xue)校(xiao)麵(mian)臨(lin)的(de)考(kao)驗(yan)。我(wo)的(de)觀(guan)點(dian)是(shi),與(yu)其(qi)說(shuo)進(jin)行(xing)本(ben)科(ke)生(sheng)的(de)培(pei)養(yang),倒(dao)不(bu)如(ru)是(shi)在(zai)研(yan)究(jiu)生(sheng)中(zhong)開(kai)始(shi)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)專(zhuan)業(ye)更(geng)加(jia)適(shi)合(he)些(xie)了(le),可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)、計算機、通(tong)信(xin)和(he)電(dian)子(zi)信(xin)息(xi)等(deng)專(zhuan)業(ye)開(kai)始(shi)嚐(chang)試(shi),因(yin)為(wei)這(zhe)些(xie)專(zhuan)業(ye)都(dou)已(yi)經(jing)有(you)了(le)部(bu)分(fen)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)學(xue)科(ke)的(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)基(ji)礎(chu)知(zhi)識(shi)了(le)。另(ling)外(wai),物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)試(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)建(jian)設(she)環(huan)節(jie)許(xu)多(duo)停(ting)留(liu)在(zai)示(shi)範(fan)和(he)演(yan)示(shi)係(xi)統(tong)階(jie)段(duan),會(hui)議(yi)現(xian)場(chang)有(you)幾(ji)家(jia)公(gong)司(si)的(de)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)實(shi)驗(yan)方(fang)案(an),多(duo)數(shu)還(hai)是(shi)基(ji)於(yu)過(guo)去(qu)嵌(qian)入(ru)式(shi)係(xi)統(tong)實(shi)驗(yan)改(gai)造(zao)而(er)成(cheng),如(ru)果(guo)課(ke)程(cheng)按(an)照(zhao)這(zhe)樣(yang)思(si)路(lu)建(jian)設(she)下(xia)來(lai),這(zhe)的(de)確(que)很(hen)是(shi)讓(rang)人(ren)擔(dan)憂(you)。
總起來看,得益於政策導向,物聯網的熱潮一定會帶動一批電子產業的發展,比如物流管理、醫療電子、dianlikongzhihezhinengjiajudengfangmian,wulunzenyang,qianrushixitongxingyeyinggaizhongshihebawozhegejihui,liyongzishenzaiqianrushixitongshangjileidezhishihejingyan,fajuemouzhonglingyuwulianwangyingyong,xiangbanfazaiyijingchengshudepingtaihechanpinjichushang,tongguoyuyingyongchuangandanyuandejiehe,kuozhanwulianheganzhidezhichinengli,tongguotuozhanhoutai(也稱為物聯網中樞服務器)應用處理和分析功能,向物聯應用綜合係統上發展。