自動變速器突圍:合資還是自主口水戰開打
http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-26 18:50:17 來源:《中國質量報》)
來自中國汽車工業協會的統計數據顯示,在國產自動擋乘用車中,80%左右搭載的是進口自動變速器,而剩下的20%也主要來自外資控股的合資企業。
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合資 獲利微薄
目(mu)前(qian)國(guo)內(nei)許(xu)多(duo)汽(qi)車(che)企(qi)業(ye)普(pu)遍(bian)采(cai)用(yong)了(le)合(he)資(zi)模(mo)式(shi),如(ru)上(shang)海(hai)采(cai)埃(ai)孚(fu)變(bian)速(su)器(qi)有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司(si)是(shi)由(you)德(de)國(guo)采(cai)埃(ai)孚(fu)與(yu)上(shang)海(hai)汽(qi)車(che)合(he)資(zi)成(cheng)立(li)的(de)。天(tian)津(jin)艾(ai)達(da)自(zi)動(dong)變(bian)速(su)器(qi)有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司(si)則(ze)是(shi)由(you)日(ri)本(ben)愛(ai)信(xin)精(jing)機(ji)和(he)中(zhong)國(guo)一(yi)汽(qi)合(he)資(zi)成(cheng)立(li)的(de)。
事實上,合資並沒有換取更多的技術。“以市場換技術”的de政zheng策ce在zai中zhong國guo汽qi車che行xing業ye已yi經jing推tui行xing多duo年nian,可ke時shi至zhi今jin日ri,一yi些xie已yi經jing成cheng立li十shi幾ji年nian的de合he資zi汽qi車che企qi業ye,其qi核he心xin零ling部bu件jian卻que依yi然ran完wan全quan依yi賴lai進jin口kou。原yuan因yin很hen簡jian單dan,跨kua國guo公gong司si並bing不bu想xiang看kan到dao一yi個ge能neng與yu之zhi抗kang衡heng的de強qiang大da的de競jing爭zheng對dui手shou出chu現xian,在zai它ta們men眼yan裏li,中zhong外wai合he資zi公gong司si隻zhi不bu過guo是shi其qi海hai外wai的de分fen廠chang而er已yi。中zhong國guo汽qi車che工gong程cheng學xue會hui秘mi書shu長chang付fu於yu武wu對dui此ci評ping論lun說shuo,在zai外wai資zi控kong股gu的de合he資zi企qi業ye裏li,外wai資zi是shi企qi業ye唯wei一yi的de技ji術shu來lai源yuan,很hen難nan想xiang像xiang中zhong國guo企qi業ye能neng從cong中zhong得de到dao什shen麼me關guan鍵jian技ji術shu。合he資zi模mo式shi還hai極ji大da地di限xian製zhi了le中zhong方fang的de獲huo利li,因yin為wei,在zai合he資zi企qi業ye的de股gu份fen配pei比bi中zhong中zhong方fang占zhan股gu少shao之zhi又you少shao。
自主 必經之路
今年6月30日,國產第一台擁有完全自主知識產權的高端自動變速器——歐意德全電控、低噪音、高傳動比、高適用性4速(su)自(zi)動(dong)變(bian)速(su)器(qi),在(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)最(zui)大(da)的(de)發(fa)動(dong)機(ji)及(ji)變(bian)速(su)器(qi)生(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地(di)內(nei)蒙(meng)古(gu)歐(ou)意(yi)德(de)發(fa)動(dong)機(ji)公(gong)司(si)試(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)功(gong),它(ta)填(tian)補(bu)了(le)中(zhong)國(guo)在(zai)核(he)心(xin)零(ling)部(bu)件(jian)製(zhi)造(zao)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)又(you)一(yi)項(xiang)空(kong)白(bai)。據(ju)悉(xi),該(gai)型(xing)號(hao)自(zi)動(dong)變(bian)速(su)器(qi)不(bu)久(jiu)將(jiang)正(zheng)式(shi)應(ying)用(yong)於(yu)中(zhong)高(gao)端(duan)乘(cheng)用(yong)車(che)上(shang),而(er)該(gai)公(gong)司(si)研(yan)發(fa)的(de)6速自動變速器的量產也已被提上日程。
伴ban隨sui著zhe國guo產chan第di一yi台tai高gao端duan自zi動dong變bian速su器qi的de誕dan生sheng,人ren們men開kai始shi思si考kao中zhong國guo自zi動dong變bian速su器qi企qi業ye的de發fa展zhan模mo式shi。據ju了le解jie,歐ou意yi德de公gong司si從cong產chan品pin立li項xiang起qi就jiu確que立li了le自zi主zhu經jing營ying的de戰zhan略lve方fang針zhen,在zai取qu得de完wan全quan的de自zi主zhu知zhi識shi產chan權quan的de同tong時shi,企qi業ye也ye獲huo得de了le發fa展zhan的de自zi主zhu權quan。盡jin管guan這zhe種zhong自zi主zhu經jing營ying的de模mo式shi從cong某mou種zhong程cheng度du上shang加jia大da了le企qi業ye技ji術shu研yan發fa的de難nan度du和he經jing營ying的de風feng險xian,但dan業ye內nei專zhuan家jia認ren為wei,這zhe是shi中zhong國guo企qi業ye在zai尋xun求qiu技ji術shu突tu破po和he自zi主zhu發fa展zhan過guo程cheng中zhong必bi須xu麵mian對dui的de難nan題ti。