http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-26 14:41:40
編者語:納米傳感器具有敏銳的靈敏度,體積也極其微小。它們應用廣泛,如檢測血液中疾病分子的跡象等。
納米傳感器具有敏銳的靈敏度,體積也極其微小。它們的用處多多,如檢測血液中疾病分子的跡象;探測空氣中的有毒氣體;zhuizhashipinzhongdewuranwudeng。danyaojiangzhexieshebeizuodaowanquanxiaoxinghua,dianchihejichengdianlujiuchengleqilanluhu。meiguoqiaozhiyaligongdaxuedecailiaokexuejiawangzhonglinjiaoshouliyongyadianjishufamingdeweixingfadianjigeinamishijiedailailequanxindedongli。ruguotanenghuodechenggong,shengwuhehuaxuenamichuanganqijinhoujiangnengzijigeizijigongdian。
早在一個世紀前,人們就已經知道了壓電效應的存在,即晶體材料在機械壓力下可產生電勢。但2005nian,wangzhonglinshoucixiangrenmenzhanshilenamicengjideyadianxiaoying。tayongyuanzixianweijingdetanzhenzhenjianquwanqudangedeyanghuaxinnamixian,dangnamixianwanqubinghuifudaoyuanyouxingzhuangshi,youxinheyanglizichanshengdedianshijiunengqudongdianliu。zaizuichudeshiyanzhong,wangjiaoshouyoudaochudeweixiaodianshijinjigehaofu。dantaquexin,zhiyaojingguozugouduodeshiyan,tayidingkeyishejichushiyongdenamidianyuan,zheyangdedianyuanshenzhikeyiliyongwomenshenbiandeweixiaozhendong,rushengbo、風乃至植入設備中血流量的波動。這些微妙的變動會使納米線彎曲而產生電力。
去年11月,王教授在一層聚合物中嵌入了氧化鋅納米線,結果產生了50毫伏的電勢,這是在微型傳感器供電技術的開發上向前邁出的重要一步。
王中林希望,這些發電機最終能被織入纖維中,這樣的一件襯衣所發出的電力足以給iPod這樣的隨身便攜設備充電。當然,目前納米發電機的輸出功率太低,還做不到這一點。王教授說,這需要200毫伏甚至更多的電勢,他計劃通過層疊納米線的方法來實現,不過這還需要經過5年到10年的精心設計。
yucitongshi,wangzhonglinyizhanshilexinxingnamichuanganqideshougeyuanjian。tasuochengdenamiyadianjishuliyonglezheyangdeshishi,jiyanghuaxinnamixianjinengzhanxianchuyadianxiaoying,tongshiyoushibandaoti。diyigetexingshideyanghuaxinnamixianbanyanjixiechuanganqidejiaose,yinweitamenhuiduijixieyinglizuochufanyingchanshengdianli;diergetexingzeyiweizhe,tamenkeyongyuzhizuojichengdianludejibenyuanjian,baokuojingtiguanheerjiguan。buxiangchuantongdedianziyuanjian,namiyadianyuanjianbuxuyaowaibudianyuan,tamenbaoluzaigeinamifadianjigongdiandetongyangdejixieyinglixiashi,zishenjiunengfadian。
一(yi)旦(dan)將(jiang)納(na)米(mi)壓(ya)電(dian)元(yuan)件(jian)從(cong)外(wai)接(jie)電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)桎(zhi)梏(gu)中(zhong)解(jie)放(fang)出(chu)來(lai),就(jiu)有(you)可(ke)能(neng)開(kai)辟(pi)多(duo)種(zhong)實(shi)際(ji)應(ying)用(yong)。集(ji)成(cheng)有(you)納(na)米(mi)發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)納(na)米(mi)壓(ya)電(dian)助(zhu)聽(ting)器(qi)就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)到(dao)多(duo)根(gen)納(na)米(mi)線(xian),每(mei)一(yi)根(gen)可(ke)調(tiao)諧(xie)到(dao)各(ge)種(zhong)聲(sheng)波(bo)的(de)不(bu)同(tong)振(zhen)動(dong)頻(pin)率(lv)。納(na)米(mi)線(xian)將(jiang)聲(sheng)波(bo)轉(zhuan)換(huan)成(cheng)電(dian)信(xin)號(hao)並(bing)進(jin)行(xing)處(chu)理(li),以(yi)便(bian)它(ta)們(men)能(neng)直(zhi)接(jie)傳(chuan)送(song)給(gei)大(da)腦(nao)中(zhong)的(de)神(shen)經(jing)元(yuan)。這(zhe)樣(yang)植(zhi)入(ru)的(de)神(shen)經(jing)假(jia)體(ti)不(bu)僅(jin)比(bi)傳(chuan)統(tong)助(zhu)聽(ting)器(qi)更(geng)緊(jin)湊(cou)、更靈敏,而且還無需因更換電池而拆除。納米壓電傳感器也可用於檢測飛機發動機中的機械應力,隻需幾個納米線元件就能監測壓力、處理信息並給機上電腦通報相關數據。無論是在身體中還是在空中,納米設備最終將遍布我們周圍的世界。