我wo國guo工gong程cheng機ji械xie行xing業ye將jiang迎ying來lai整zheng合he期qi的de觀guan點dian提ti出chu已yi有you幾ji年nian，然ran而er一yi直zhi以yi來lai的de事shi實shi卻que證zheng明ming行xing業ye尚shang未wei有you能neng力li進jin入ru高gao速su整zheng合he期qi。但dan從cong今jin年nian上shang半ban年nian以yi來lai，多duo家jia國guo內nei外wai龍long頭tou企qi業ye陸lu續xu收shou購gou同tong行xing業ye企qi業ye

，我wo國guo工gong程cheng機ji械xie行xing業ye格ge局ju正zheng發fa生sheng著zhe不bu小xiao的de變bian化hua。 
　　中(zhong)國(guo)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)工(gong)業(ye)協(xie)會(hui)秘(mi)書(shu)長(chang)俞(yu)琚(ju)說(shuo)，行(xing)業(ye)內(nei)並(bing)購(gou)事(shi)件(jian)增(zeng)多(duo)是(shi)否(fou)意(yi)味(wei)著(zhe)我(wo)國(guo)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)行(xing)業(ye)將(jiang)進(jin)入(ru)一(yi)個(ge)高(gao)速(su)整(zheng)合(he)期(qi)並(bing)不(bu)能(neng)確(que)定(ding)
，但(dan)此(ci)舉(ju)足(zu)以(yi)表(biao)明(ming)近(jin)年(nian)來(lai)行(xing)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)非(fei)常(chang)迅(xun)速(su)
，企(qi)業(ye)的(de)競(jing)爭(zheng)能(neng)力(li)也(ye)在(zai)加(jia)強(qiang)，對(dui)於(yu)行(xing)業(ye)來(lai)說(shuo)
，無(wu)疑(yi)是(shi)件(jian)好(hao)事(shi)。 
　　優勢企業發展的需要 
　　近jin年nian來lai，我wo國guo工gong程cheng機ji械xie行xing業ye一yi直zhi處chu於yu高gao速su發fa展zhan態tai勢shi，這zhe期qi間jian
，不bu少shao企qi業ye都dou獲huo得de了le非fei常chang多duo的de發fa展zhan機ji會hui，特te別bie是shi一yi些xie在zai競jing爭zheng中zhong經jing受shou住zhu了le考kao驗yan的de大da型xing龍long頭tou企qi業ye。近jin段duan時shi間jian以yi來lai，我wo國guo工gong程cheng機ji械xie龍long頭tou企qi業ye紛fen紛fen爆bao出chu並bing購gou新xin聞wen，主zhu要yao是shi出chu於yu對dui幾ji個ge因yin素su的de考kao慮lv。 
　　yishituokuanchanpinliandexuyao。jinnianlaishichangbianshuhenda，youshilideqiyeyebuganjiangliliangjizhongzaidanyichanpinshang
，ershixiwangtongguotuozhanzishenchanpinxian，fensanfengxian。zhetedianzaishantuiduihubeichutianjixiehezhonglianzhongkeduixinhuanggongdeshougouzhongtixiandefeichangmingxian。juyeneirenshifenxi
，shantuishougouchutianjixiedezhuyaoyuanyinzaiyuhouzhejuyoujianzhujixiedeshengchanzizhi
，youqizaihunningtujixie、泵beng車che等deng建jian築zhu機ji械xie和he零ling部bu件jian方fang麵mian存cun在zai較jiao大da優you勢shi。而er山shan推tui原yuan有you的de產chan品pin線xian較jiao單dan一yi
，在zai收shou購gou楚chu天tian機ji械xie之zhi後hou

，其qi產chan品pin鏈lian將jiang得de到dao大da幅fu拓tuo展zhan。同tong樣yang的de，中zhong聯lian重zhong科ke也ye期qi望wang借jie收shou購gou新xin黃huang工gong進jin入ru土tu石shi方fang機ji械xie領ling域yu。 
　　ershizengqiangzishenjingzhenglidexuyao。muqiangongchengjixiexingyeneiqiyepubianyouduozhongleichanpinshengchandequshi，zhonglianzhongkejiupingjiejinnianlaideyixilieshougouxingwei，yijuchengweimuqianxingyeneichanpinpinzhongzuiduodeqiyezhiyi。haiyouhenduoqiyegengshitongguoshougoutongxingyeqiyelaizengqiangzishenzhuyingyewudeshili。ruzaishixianjishuduijiehoujikezhijieliyongbeishougouqiyedeyanfanengliheshengchanshebei，tigaozishenchanpindejishuhanlianghuozhekuodachanneng，shizishenqiyezaixingyeneidediweidedaodafutisheng。 
　　三是通過收購異地企業實現開拓新市場的需求。比如柳工近年來就通過並購、投資等方式在江蘇、天tian津jin等deng地di實shi現xian了le生sheng產chan基ji地di的de布bu局ju。設she立li新xin的de生sheng產chan基ji地di
，可ke以yi使shi企qi業ye更geng靠kao近jin市shi場chang或huo原yuan材cai料liao產chan地di，從cong而er大da幅fu降jiang低di了le交jiao通tong成cheng本ben，並bing實shi現xian對dui薄bo弱ruo市shi場chang的de強qiang勢shi開kai拓tuo。一yi般ban來lai說shuo，收shou購gou一yi家jia較jiao為wei成cheng熟shu的de企qi業ye比bi投tou資zi興xing建jian新xin的de廠chang房fang要yao容rong易yi得de多duo
，所suo以yi出chu於yu此ci目mu的de的de並bing購gou案an例li不bu在zai少shao數shu。 
　　誰會成為被收購對象 
　　近年來，由於工程機械行業競爭非常激烈
，再加上各項生產成本持續上揚，這就導致了行業內研發能力較弱、產品附加值較低的企業在競爭中逐漸失去了優勢，部分企業甚至可能退出市場，進而給龍頭企業擴大份額創造了機會。 
　　如ru今jin年nian原yuan材cai料liao的de大da幅fu漲zhang價jia
，就jiu是shi導dao致zhi龍long頭tou企qi業ye收shou購gou行xing為wei的de一yi個ge最zui大da誘you因yin。對dui於yu工gong程cheng機ji械xie企qi業ye來lai說shuo，鋼gang材cai等deng原yuan材cai料liao的de大da幅fu漲zhang價jia對dui企qi業ye的de盈ying利li空kong間jian將jiang產chan生sheng巨ju大da的de擠ji壓ya作zuo用yong
，從cong而er導dao致zhi最zui近jin一yi段duan時shi間jian以yi來lai，生sheng產chan裝zhuang載zai機ji
、推土機等工程機械產品的企業大都有不同程度的提價
，漲價幅度一般在5%～10%zhijian。jishiruci，rengjiuwufadixiaoyuancailiaojiageshangzhanggeiqiyedailaidechengbenyali。yinweiruguowuxianzhijinxingtijia，zeqiyenanmianhuishiqudabufenshichang。erlaodonglichengbenheranyoujiageshangzhangdengyinsugengrangyixiekangfengxiannenglichadeqiye
，zaizhechangzhangjiafengchaozhongjubuweijian。 
　　yucitongshi，jinnianlaicongjindehongguantiaokongzhengceshideqiyedezijinliudongshoudaohendayingxiang。yifangmian
，qiyeyouyuchengbenzhangjiadengyinsudaozhilirunxiajiang
，lingyifangmian，qiyerujinyuelaiyuenancongyinxingdedaodalizhichi
，daozhiqiyedezijinzhouzhuanchuxianwenti，shenzhiyoubufendaxingqiyeyechuxianletongyangdewenti。 
　　此外
，一些企業由於經營不善，難以持續發展下去。其淨資產已經很少，甚至是負數。但其所擁有的品牌、研yan發fa能neng力li以yi及ji生sheng產chan資zi質zhi等deng卻que也ye使shi它ta成cheng為wei其qi他ta企qi業ye的de追zhui逐zhu對dui象xiang。而er企qi業ye負fu責ze人ren由you於yu沒mei有you能neng力li將jiang企qi業ye帶dai出chu泥ni潭tan，同tong時shi也ye非fei常chang希xi望wang能neng夠gou將jiang企qi業ye盤pan活huo，所suo以yi也ye會hui期qi待dai有you不bu錯cuo的de買mai家jia將jiang企qi業ye並bing購gou去qu。 
　　國際並購漸成熟 
　　近jin年nian來lai，外wai資zi工gong程cheng機ji械xie企qi業ye在zai進jin入ru中zhong國guo市shi場chang時shi
，采cai取qu的de方fang法fa大da多duo是shi與yu中zhong國guo企qi業ye合he資zi建jian廠chang。由you於yu外wai資zi企qi業ye大da多duo擁yong有you資zi金jin和he技ji術shu兩liang大da優you勢shi
，中zhong國guo企qi業ye也ye非fei常chang願yuan意yi與yu其qi合he作zuo，早zao期qi的de並bing購gou案an例li大da多duo數shu都dou是shi這zhe種zhong形xing式shi。 
　　早期的並購案例中，由於沒有經驗
，有不少企業被惡意並購

，使人們一度“談外資色變”。近jin年nian來lai，隨sui著zhe生sheng產chan的de全quan球qiu化hua，中zhong國guo企qi業ye也ye逐zhu漸jian成cheng長chang起qi來lai。應ying對dui外wai資zi並bing購gou已yi經jing成cheng熟shu了le許xu多duo。但dan當dang前qian我wo國guo工gong程cheng機ji械xie產chan品pin的de技ji術shu水shui平ping與yu世shi界jie先xian進jin水shui平ping仍reng有you不bu小xiao的de差cha距ju
，利li用yong並bing購gou形xing式shi吸xi收shou外wai國guo先xian進jin經jing驗yan仍reng是shi必bi要yao的de。 
　　yujuyebiaoshi，mianduiwaizibinggou
，bunengbiaoxianchuxiaaideminzuzhuyi。zaichongfenfenxilehezidezhongzhonglibizhihou
，ruguorengyouhezuodexuyao
，yingjijimouqiuyuduifangdehezuo。buguozaizibenyunzuofangmian，qiyerengyaozhuyi，yaobimianeyibinggoudechuxian。zhiyouchongfenzhangwoxianjinjishu，woguogongchengjixiechanpinshuipingcainengjinkuaidadaoshijiexianjinshuiping。 
　　在(zai)有(you)些(xie)合(he)資(zi)案(an)例(li)中(zhong)，外(wai)資(zi)表(biao)現(xian)出(chu)明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)控(kong)製(zhi)意(yi)圖(tu)，其(qi)要(yao)求(qiu)從(cong)資(zi)金(jin)比(bi)例(li)上(shang)占(zhan)據(ju)絕(jue)對(dui)優(you)勢(shi)，在(zai)這(zhe)種(zhong)時(shi)候(hou)，中(zhong)國(guo)企(qi)業(ye)更(geng)要(yao)慎(shen)重(zhong)考(kao)慮(lv)再(zai)決(jue)定(ding)是(shi)否(fou)與(yu)其(qi)合(he)作(zuo)。政(zheng)府(fu)管(guan)理(li)部(bu)門(men)和(he)行(xing)業(ye)協(xie)會(hui)也(ye)應(ying)積(ji)極(ji)介(jie)入(ru)此(ci)類(lei)收(shou)購(gou)行(xing)為(wei)。在(zai)不(bu)危(wei)及(ji)國(guo)家(jia)安(an)全(quan)和(he)行(xing)業(ye)利(li)益(yi)
，並(bing)對(dui)企(qi)業(ye)有(you)益(yi)之(zhi)時(shi)，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)積(ji)極(ji)促(cu)成(cheng)並(bing)購(gou)意(yi)願(yuan)的(de)達(da)成(cheng)。有(you)些(xie)行(xing)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)尚(shang)不(bu)成(cheng)熟(shu)
，出(chu)於(yu)對(dui)行(xing)業(ye)的(de)保(bao)護(hu)，有(you)必(bi)要(yao)時(shi)，有(you)關(guan)部(bu)門(men)應(ying)製(zhi)訂(ding)相(xiang)關(guan)規(gui)定(ding)，比(bi)如(ru)對(dui)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)行(xing)業(ye)製(zhi)定(ding)的(de)外(wai)資(zi)最(zui)多(duo)隻(zhi)能(neng)收(shou)購(gou)50%的股份這樣的規定
，以此來保護我國工程機械行業的健康有序發展。 
　　此外

，我國工程機械企業也有一批發展較快、有you實shi力li的de企qi業ye
，為wei拓tuo展zhan海hai外wai市shi場chang和he利li用yong國guo外wai企qi業ye先xian進jin技ji術shu，計ji劃hua收shou購gou國guo外wai企qi業ye。這zhe時shi，企qi業ye更geng要yao認ren真zhen分fen析xi其qi是shi否fou具ju有you較jiao高gao的de並bing購gou價jia值zhi，是shi否fou有you利li於yu企qi業ye的de長chang期qi發fa展zhan，再zai決jue定ding是shi否fou收shou購gou。 
　　在並購結束後，企業並不能鬆氣，國際管理

、文化融合等問題仍不容忽視。此前我國企業已經有過多次前車之鑒。國內企業要充分熟悉當地法律法規

、民族文化等
，從而使得被並購企業良好運轉起來。