http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-29 02:15:52 來源:中國能源報

近jin期qi,天tian然ran氣qi發fa電dian設she備bei維wei修xiu成cheng本ben過guo高gao備bei受shou業ye內nei熱re議yi。打da破po壟long斷duan,實shi現xian設she備bei國guo產chan化hua成cheng為wei能neng源yuan裝zhuang備bei領ling域yu的de發fa展zhan期qi許xu。今jin年nian上shang半ban年nian,中zhong國guo質zhi量liang協xie會hui發fa布bu的de2013年全國裝備製造業企業質量管理現狀調查報告顯示,裝備製造企業質量管理成熟度平均值為63.5分(滿分100分),被調查企業關鍵設備的國產化率隻有52.4%。質量管理不成熟、關鍵設備和零部件國產化率低,依然是製約我國裝備製造業轉型升級的主要瓶頸。
業內專家表示,目前一個不可回避的事實是,在裝備製造向高端化、成(cheng)套(tao)化(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)趨(qu)勢(shi)下(xia),配(pei)套(tao)基(ji)礎(chu)件(jian)短(duan)板(ban)效(xiao)應(ying)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)明(ming)顯(xian),關(guan)鍵(jian)零(ling)部(bu)件(jian)依(yi)賴(lai)進(jin)口(kou),國(guo)外(wai)設(she)備(bei)集(ji)團(tuan)壟(long)斷(duan),成(cheng)為(wei)我(wo)國(guo)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)做(zuo)強(qiang)做(zuo)大(da)的(de)軟(ruan)肋(lei)。在(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)上(shang),外(wai)商(shang)總(zong)會(hui)切(qie)中(zhong)要(yao)害(hai)的(de)抬(tai)高(gao)關(guan)鍵(jian)零(ling)部(bu)件(jian)價(jia)格(ge),使(shi)得(de)裝(zhuang)備(bei)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)仍(reng)受(shou)製(zhi)於(yu)國(guo)外(wai)。
用戶的選擇 促使國產裝備“敗下陣地”
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一yi位wei石shi油you專zhuan家jia表biao示shi,近jin十shi年nian來lai,我wo國guo大da型xing石shi油you設she備bei已yi經jing重zhong複fu進jin口kou多duo套tao,就jiu目mu前qian我wo們men裝zhuang備bei製zhi造zao行xing業ye的de設she計ji和he製zhi造zao水shui平ping來lai說shuo,已yi經jing具ju備bei生sheng產chan能neng力li了le。但dan是shi,國guo內nei一yi些xie用yong戶hu仍reng是shi以yi老lao眼yan光guang來lai看kan待dai國guo產chan設she備bei,一yi提ti國guo產chan,就jiu有you莫mo名ming的de顧gu慮lv,不bu願yuan使shi用yong國guo產chan設she備bei,國guo家jia花hua了le大da量liang資zi金jin引yin進jin技ji術shu,製zhi造zao企qi業ye消xiao化hua吸xi收shou後hou也ye開kai發fa了le許xu多duo新xin產chan品pin,但dan往wang往wang因yin沒mei有you依yi托tuo工gong程cheng而er得de不bu到dao驗yan證zheng,或huo被bei用yong戶hu以yi沒mei有you運yun行xing業ye績ji為wei由you剝bo奪duo投tou標biao資zi格ge,使shi我wo們men製zhi造zao裝zhuang備bei企qi業ye沒mei有you實shi踐jian的de機ji會hui。產chan品pin如ru果guo沒mei有you實shi踐jian的de機ji會hui,技ji術shu也ye就jiu沒mei有you得de到dao改gai進jin的de機ji會hui。
國人應當擁有 “生土不二”的國貨情結
即ji使shi國guo內nei產chan品pin做zuo得de不bu好hao也ye要yao嚐chang試shi去qu用yong,發fa現xian問wen題ti,從cong而er改gai進jin。這zhe一yi點dian,在zai韓han國guo就jiu有you典dian型xing的de例li子zi。其qi國guo人ren的de國guo貨huo情qing結jie體ti現xian在zai每mei個ge國guo人ren身shen上shang。有you媒mei體ti報bao道dao,韓han國guo明ming星xing金jin喜xi善shan曾zeng被bei邀yao請qing到dao中zhong國guo來lai參can加jia商shang業ye活huo動dong,金jin喜xi善shan發fa現xian車che隊dui中zhong沒mei有you韓han國guo車che,就jiu拒ju絕jue乘cheng坐zuo德de國guo進jin口kou車che離li開kai。金jin喜xi善shan說shuo自zi己ji是shi韓han國guo人ren,就jiu應ying該gai坐zuo本ben國guo車che。前qian蘇su聯lian也ye是shi如ru此ci,國guo人ren普pu遍bian有you濃nong厚hou的de國guo貨huo情qing結jie。而er事shi實shi證zheng明ming裝zhuang備bei產chan品pin隻zhi有you經jing過guo"用",才能變得越來越好。
zhongguojixiegongyelianhehuiyuanzonggongchengshisuiyongbinzhichu,zhenxingzhuangbeizhizaoyerenzhongdaoyuan,shiyixiangchangqidezhanlvebushuheanpai,suiranguojiayijingchutaixiangguanzhengcezhichizhongdazhuangbeiguochanhua,danweilai5年(nian)內(nei),中(zhong)國(guo)重(zhong)大(da)裝(zhuang)備(bei)製(zhi)造(zao)行(xing)業(ye)如(ru)果(guo)不(bu)能(neng)打(da)造(zao)出(chu)幾(ji)個(ge)大(da)集(ji)團(tuan),形(xing)成(cheng)自(zi)己(ji)的(de)特(te)色(se),在(zai)關(guan)鍵(jian)裝(zhuang)備(bei)方(fang)麵(mian)實(shi)現(xian)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua),裝(zhuang)備(bei)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)真(zhen)正(zheng)意(yi)義(yi)的(de)振(zhen)興(xing)仍(reng)將(jiang)遙(yao)遙(yao)無(wu)期(qi)。故(gu)而(er),相(xiang)關(guan)企(qi)業(ye)應(ying)該(gai)時(shi)刻(ke)把(ba)握(wo)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)脈(mai)搏(bo),樹(shu)立(li)集(ji)團(tuan)作(zuo)戰(zhan)的(de)意(yi)識(shi);相關用戶應給予大力的支持和配合,應有韓國人“生土不二”的精神,為重大裝備的國產化提供必需的市場機會。
莫讓“本土化” 阻礙“國產化”步伐
在zai經jing濟ji全quan球qiu化hua的de今jin天tian,很hen多duo跨kua國guo公gong司si選xuan擇ze在zai海hai外wai投tou資zi建jian立li生sheng產chan製zhi造zao基ji地di。目mu前qian很hen多duo外wai資zi企qi業ye在zai華hua建jian廠chang。國guo內nei用yong戶hu買mai的de是shi合he資zi企qi業ye的de產chan品pin,雖sui然ran這zhe些xie產chan品pin都dou是shi在zai國guo內nei生sheng產chan,但dan其qi80%的(de)零(ling)部(bu)件(jian)是(shi)從(cong)國(guo)外(wai)的(de)母(mu)廠(chang)進(jin)口(kou)的(de),這(zhe)些(xie)產(chan)品(pin)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)含(han)量(liang)幾(ji)乎(hu)沒(mei)有(you),而(er)這(zhe)種(zhong)產(chan)品(pin)在(zai)目(mu)前(qian)市(shi)場(chang)中(zhong)又(you)占(zhan)據(ju)著(zhe)相(xiang)當(dang)大(da)的(de)比(bi)重(zhong),無(wu)形(xing)中(zhong)擠(ji)占(zhan)了(le)國(guo)內(nei)裝(zhuang)備(bei)製(zhi)造(zao)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)空(kong)間(jian)。
原機械工業部副部長陸燕蓀告訴記者,近期,一些國外裝備企業通過資本、技術入股等方式在我國投資辦廠,在我們看來,實現了技術裝備的“本土化”。這對於我方學習先進管理經驗、吸收先進技術無疑有著積極意義。但必須清醒地認識到,這些“本土化”了的技術裝備產品,表麵看是在我國生產的,但其關鍵核心技術多掌握在外方,產品最有價值的部分並不是“國產”的。因此,不能因為“本土化”技術裝備產品的增加,而放鬆技術裝備“國產化”的步伐。
對(dui)於(yu)用(yong)戶(hu)而(er)言(yan),希(xi)望(wang)購(gou)買(mai)的(de)設(she)備(bei)質(zhi)量(liang)優(you)良(liang),技(ji)術(shu)先(xian)進(jin),這(zhe)都(dou)無(wu)可(ke)厚(hou)非(fei)。當(dang)然(ran),國(guo)內(nei)企(qi)業(ye)在(zai)推(tui)進(jin)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)的(de)道(dao)路(lu)上(shang)也(ye)存(cun)在(zai)許(xu)多(duo)質(zhi)量(liang)上(shang)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),但(dan)不(bu)能(neng)因(yin)此(ci)否(fou)認(ren)其(qi)取(qu)得(de)的(de)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)成(cheng)績(ji),懷(huai)疑(yi)其(qi)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)的(de)水(shui)平(ping),拒(ju)絕(jue)搭(da)建(jian)平(ping)台(tai)、給gei予yu展zhan現xian的de機ji會hui。從cong某mou種zhong意yi義yi上shang而er言yan,作zuo為wei產chan業ye鏈lian上shang下xia遊you關guan係xi,用yong戶hu和he裝zhuang備bei業ye如ru同tong唇chun齒chi,存cun在zai緊jin密mi的de關guan係xi,一yi榮rong俱ju榮rong,一yi損sun俱ju損sun。因yin此ci,若ruo想xiang做zuo強qiang我wo國guo裝zhuang備bei製zhi造zao業ye,實shi現xian我wo國guo裝zhuang備bei製zhi造zao業ye的de強qiang國guo之zhi夢meng,加jia速su推tui進jin裝zhuang備bei製zhi造zao業ye國guo產chan化hua進jin程cheng,實shi現xian其qi自zi主zhu化hua創chuang新xin,是shi我wo國guo政zheng府fu、製造企業和用戶共同的責任與使命。