zaiguojijinrongweijimanyan
，shijiejingjixingshifuzaduobiandehuanjingxia，geguozhengzhiliyutongguotiaozhengchanyejiegou，yingduijinrongweijidetiaozhan，huifujingjizengchangdedongli。yucitongshi
，zhongguoyezhengtongguojijidezhiduchuangxinyouhuachanyejiegouyubuju，baituojinrongweijideshufu，baochijingjichixu
、健康和快速發展。2009年(nian)中(zhong)央(yang)經(jing)濟(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)會(hui)議(yi)特(te)別(bie)指(zhi)出(chu)要(yao)從(cong)製(zhi)度(du)安(an)排(pai)入(ru)手(shou)，因(yin)勢(shi)利(li)導(dao)引(yin)導(dao)國(guo)際(ji)產(chan)業(ye)有(you)序(xu)地(di)向(xiang)本(ben)國(guo)轉(zhuan)移(yi)，亦(yi)是(shi)讓(rang)我(wo)們(men)充(chong)分(fen)利(li)用(yong)金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)引(yin)致(zhi)的(de)全(quan)球(qiu)產(chan)業(ye)結(jie)構(gou)調(tiao)整(zheng)和(he)國(guo)際(ji)分(fen)工(gong)重(zhong)組(zu)的(de)曆(li)史(shi)契(qi)機(ji)，吸(xi)引(yin)科(ke)技(ji)含(han)量(liang)和(he)產(chan)品(pin)附(fu)加(jia)值(zhi)高(gao)的(de)現(xian)代(dai)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)和(he)高(gao)端(duan)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)向(xiang)本(ben)國(guo)轉(zhuan)移(yi)，推(tui)動(dong)我(wo)國(guo)產(chan)業(ye)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)優(you)化(hua)與(yu)升(sheng)級(ji)。引(yin)導(dao)國(guo)際(ji)產(chan)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移(yi)的(de)曆(li)史(shi)機(ji)遇(yu)

　　國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji的de爆bao發fa導dao致zhi了le全quan球qiu經jing濟ji的de衰shuai退tui
，促cu使shi世shi界jie各ge國guo設she計ji有you效xiao的de製zhi度du安an排pai調tiao整zheng產chan業ye結jie構gou，以yi作zuo為wei應ying對dui金jin融rong危wei機ji的de主zhu要yao手shou段duan
，這zhe使shi得de金jin融rong危wei機ji有you可ke能neng為wei中zhong國guo引yin導dao和he承cheng接jie國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi創chuang造zao了le一yi次ci難nan得de的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu。

　　一方麵，金融危機為中國引導國際產業轉移創造了客觀的曆史機遇。從全球維度來看，雖然隨著世界經濟一體化的深入發展
，資本、技ji術shu和he勞lao動dong力li等deng生sheng產chan要yao素su在zai市shi場chang機ji製zhi的de作zuo用yong下xia全quan球qiu流liu動dong與yu組zu合he配pei置zhi，催cui促cu著zhe一yi國guo或huo地di區qu內nei部bu的de產chan業ye向xiang具ju有you比bi較jiao優you勢shi的de地di區qu轉zhuan移yi，但dan是shi，由you於yu發fa達da國guo家jia比bi發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia表biao現xian出chu較jiao高gao的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping和he較jiao強qiang的de科ke技ji力li量liang，使shi得de它ta們men在zai世shi界jie分fen工gong體ti係xi和he利li益yi分fen配pei格ge局ju中zhong占zhan據ju主zhu導dao地di位wei。他ta們men將jiang資zi源yuan消xiao耗hao和he環huan境jing汙wu染ran水shui平ping高gao、技ji術shu含han量liang和he產chan品pin附fu加jia值zhi低di的de產chan業ye向xiang發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia和he不bu發fa達da國guo家jia轉zhuan移yi，以yi騰teng出chu地di域yu空kong間jian發fa展zhan科ke技ji含han量liang和he產chan品pin附fu加jia值zhi高gao的de先xian進jin產chan業ye和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie，以yi維wei持chi自zi身shen在zai產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de優you勢shi地di位wei。然ran而er，由you於yu處chu於yu產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he先xian進jin產chan業ye多duo是shi資zi本ben與yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye
，國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji的de爆bao發fa使shi得de金jin融rong資zi本ben斷duan裂lie
，導dao致zhi非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye缺que乏fa金jin融rong資zi本ben的de支zhi撐cheng，因yin而er，金jin融rong危wei機ji強qiang烈lie地di衝chong擊ji了le發fa達da國guo家jia內nei部bu不bu合he理li的de剛gang性xing產chan業ye結jie構gou，必bi然ran促cu使shi它ta們men重zhong新xin協xie調tiao非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye與yu實shi物wu生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye的de相xiang對dui比bi重zhong
，將jiang一yi部bu分fen處chu於yu產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he資zi本ben與yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de先xian進jin產chan業ye向xiang海hai外wai轉zhuan移yi，由you此ci可ke能neng形xing成cheng國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi的de新xin浪lang潮chao。

　　另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)，金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)引(yin)導(dao)國(guo)際(ji)產(chan)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移(yi)創(chuang)造(zao)了(le)主(zhu)觀(guan)的(de)曆(li)史(shi)機(ji)遇(yu)。改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放(fang)三(san)十(shi)多(duo)年(nian)的(de)曆(li)史(shi)經(jing)驗(yan)表(biao)明(ming)，中(zhong)國(guo)成(cheng)功(gong)的(de)製(zhi)度(du)轉(zhuan)型(xing)有(you)效(xiao)地(di)促(cu)進(jin)了(le)經(jing)濟(ji)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)優(you)化(hua)和(he)經(jing)濟(ji)增(zeng)長(chang)方(fang)式(shi)的(de)轉(zhuan)變(bian)，產(chan)生(sheng)了(le)“經濟增長奇跡”
，極ji大da地di縮suo小xiao了le與yu發fa達da國guo家jia的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan差cha距ju。即ji使shi國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji席xi卷juan全quan球qiu，致zhi使shi世shi界jie各ge國guo經jing濟ji下xia滑hua，中zhong國guo雖sui然ran也ye無wu一yi例li外wai地di不bu能neng幸xing免mian，然ran而er，正zheng當dang世shi界jie各ge國guo致zhi力li於yu尋xun找zhao金jin融rong危wei機ji的de應ying對dui之zhi策ce時shi
，中zhong國guo憑ping借jie對dui外wai開kai放fang三san十shi多duo年nian所suo積ji累lei的de物wu質zhi基ji礎chu和he及ji時shi有you效xiao的de製zhi度du安an排pai，率lv先xian走zou出chu了le金jin融rong危wei機ji的de陰yin霾mai
，使shi得de發fa達da國guo家jia的de跨kua國guo公gong司si在zai麵mian臨lin本ben土tu生sheng產chan與yu經jing營ying環huan境jing惡e化hua時shi
，重zhong新xin審shen視shi中zhong國guo的de生sheng產chan成cheng本ben和he交jiao易yi成cheng本ben優you勢shi所suo帶dai來lai的de生sheng產chan和he經jing營ying環huan境jing的de改gai善shan。此ci時shi，中zhong國guo有you可ke能neng依yi靠kao製zhi度du轉zhuan型xing所suo累lei積ji的de經jing驗yan
，進jin一yi步bu調tiao整zheng政zheng策ce和he創chuang新xin製zhi度du，創chuang造zao產chan業ye升sheng級ji的de新xin環huan境jing，主zhu動dong引yin導dao和he承cheng接jie國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi
，並bing在zai本ben國guo培pei育yu完wan整zheng的de產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian
，優you化hua產chan業ye的de空kong間jian布bu局ju，推tui動dong產chan業ye結jie構gou升sheng級ji。引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi的de製zhi度du創chuang新xin

　　中(zhong)國(guo)作(zuo)為(wei)正(zheng)處(chu)於(yu)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)進(jin)程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)最(zui)大(da)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)


，要(yao)巧(qiao)借(jie)金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)的(de)曆(li)史(shi)機(ji)遇(yu)，加(jia)快(kuai)現(xian)代(dai)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)進(jin)程(cheng)，實(shi)現(xian)大(da)國(guo)的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)趕(gan)超(chao)，必(bi)然(ran)需(xu)要(yao)通(tong)過(guo)製(zhi)度(du)創(chuang)新(xin)引(yin)導(dao)國(guo)際(ji)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)價(jia)值(zhi)鏈(lian)高(gao)端(duan)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)向(xiang)本(ben)國(guo)轉(zhuan)移(yi)來(lai)實(shi)現(xian)。為(wei)此(ci)
，我(wo)們(men)有(you)針(zhen)對(dui)性(xing)地(di)提(ti)出(chu)引(yin)導(dao)國(guo)際(ji)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)和(he)高(gao)端(duan)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)轉(zhuan)移(yi)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)調(tiao)整(zheng)和(he)製(zhi)度(du)創(chuang)新(xin)：

　　第di一yi，提ti高gao投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de差cha異yi化hua程cheng度du，破po除chu無wu形xing的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce壁bi壘lei。為wei了le承cheng接jie國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie轉zhuan移yi，對dui不bu同tong地di區qu承cheng接jie不bu同tong產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce應ying盡jin可ke能neng差cha別bie對dui待dai
，並bing增zeng強qiang投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de透tou明ming度du，消xiao除chu政zheng策ce性xing歧qi視shi。一yi方fang麵mian，由you於yu中zhong國guo各ge地di區qu資zi源yuan稟bing賦fu
、jishushuipinghejingjifazhanshuipingcunzaichayi，guojiazaizhidingtouzizhengceshi，yingkaolvgeiyugediquyidingdezizhuxing，caiquguojiazhidingtouzizhengcezhidaoyuanze
，gediquyijuciyuanzejiehezishendejingjifazhanshuiping，chayihuadizhidingguli
、限xian製zhi和he禁jin止zhi外wai商shang投tou資zi產chan業ye的de政zheng策ce。另ling一yi方fang麵mian，地di方fang政zheng府fu主zhu管guan部bu門men應ying加jia快kuai清qing理li與yu降jiang低di投tou資zi壁bi壘lei和he投tou資zi政zheng策ce透tou明ming度du原yuan則ze不bu相xiang適shi應ying的de政zheng策ce規gui章zhang，並bing逐zhu步bu廢fei除chu一yi些xie與yu促cu進jin投tou資zi自zi由you化hua的de國guo際ji規gui則ze相xiang衝chong突tu的de法fa律lv法fa規gui，且qie進jin一yi步bu完wan善shan促cu進jin不bu同tong地di區qu各ge類lei產chan業ye投tou資zi相xiang適shi應ying的de自zi由you化hua規gui則ze，同tong時shi，還hai應ying加jia強qiang投tou資zi自zi由you化hua政zheng策ce的de對dui外wai宣xuan傳chuan，及ji時shi對dui外wai公gong布bu鼓gu勵li、限製和禁止外商投資產業信息，並確保這些信息的國際傳播。

　　dier

，tiaozhengshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi，zengqiangshuishouzhengcedexiangduiyouxiaoxing。shuishouzhengcefanyinglezhengfuduiqiyeyugerenshouyidezhengshuishuiping，yinci，shuishouzhengceyizhishizuoweishijiegeguoyindaochanyezibenliuxiangdezhongyaoshouduan。weiletigaoguojixianjinchanyeheshengchanhuanjiedezhuanyixiaolv
，yingyijudiqutezhenghechanyedetexing，caiquduoyanghuadeshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi。yifangmian

，yingshishidiyijudiquhechanyezhengcedexuyao，xietiaocaiyonggezhongshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi。youyujianjieshuishouyouhuifangshinengduitouzizhouqichang、風險高的資本與技術密集型產業帶來更為實際的政策優惠，因此，應逐步采取以加速折舊、kuisunmibudengjianjieshuishouyouhuifangshiweizhu，cujinzibenhejishumijixingchanyetouzi。lingyifangmian，zhengfuyingyijudiyutezhenghechanyetexingzhidingxihuadeshuishouyouhuizhengce，bingzaidiquzhijian、行xing業ye之zhi間jian和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie之zhi間jian體ti現xian稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。對dui於yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de先xian進jin產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie，可ke賦fu予yu相xiang對dui於yu其qi他ta產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie更geng為wei優you厚hou的de稅shui收shou優you惠hui，同tong時shi，為wei了le鼓gu勵li落luo後hou地di區qu吸xi引yin產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi，可ke適shi當dang獲huo得de相xiang對dui於yu經jing濟ji發fa達da地di區qu而er言yan更geng為wei優you厚hou的de稅shui收shou政zheng策ce，以yi提ti高gao稅shui收shou優you惠hui政zheng策ce在zai經jing濟ji落luo後hou地di區qu的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。

　　第三，創新商業交易製度，減少企業與政府之間的交往成本。為了更好地承接國際先進產業的轉移，中國應簡化對現代先進企業的創立、變bian更geng與yu退tui出chu生sheng產chan與yu經jing營ying活huo動dong的de授shou權quan與yu彙hui報bao程cheng序xu。首shou先xian，可ke以yi嚐chang試shi由you中zhong央yang部bu委wei出chu台tai各ge地di區qu審shen批pi外wai資zi企qi業ye的de原yuan則ze
，並bing在zai各ge個ge級ji別bie的de行xing政zheng區qu劃hua單dan位wei設she立li審shen批pi機ji關guan且qie給gei予yu他ta們men與yu地di區qu經jing濟ji發fa展zhan規gui模mo相xiang應ying的de審shen批pi權quan限xian，且qie以yi法fa律lv形xing式shi加jia以yi固gu定ding。在zai國guo家jia對dui外wai商shang設she立li企qi業ye規gui定ding審shen批pi原yuan則ze的de條tiao件jian下xia
，為wei了le鼓gu勵li直zhi轄xia市shi和he經jing濟ji發fa達da地di區qu承cheng接jie國guo外wai先xian進jin產chan業ye的de轉zhuan移yi
，中zhong央yang可ke適shi當dang給gei予yu地di區qu政zheng府fu對dui於yu現xian代dai先xian進jin產chan業ye較jiao高gao的de審shen批pi權quan限xian。其qi次ci，盡jin可ke能neng簡jian化hua外wai商shang投tou資zi申shen請qing設she立li現xian代dai先xian進jin企qi業ye的de審shen批pi手shou續xu，增zeng強qiang審shen批pi的de透tou明ming度du和he提ti高gao審shen批pi效xiao率lv。審shen批pi機ji關guan可ke適shi當dang簡jian化hua外wai資zi的de審shen批pi和he聯lian合he年nian檢jian手shou續xu，實shi行xing“一站式”服務，且在經營期內
，企業因投資總額和生產經營規模等發生變化而需減少

、增加或轉讓注冊資本
，或是將其

　　財產權益對外抵押
、轉讓
，以及政府商務、財政、工商行政管理、稅shui務wu等deng各ge部bu門men對dui外wai資zi企qi業ye實shi行xing聯lian合he年nian檢jian時shi
，應ying提ti高gao行xing政zheng機ji關guan審shen批pi和he辦ban理li的de效xiao率lv和he透tou明ming度du
，盡jin可ke能neng地di簡jian化hua辦ban理li手shou續xu，減jian少shao企qi業ye支zhi付fu行xing政zheng審shen批pi和he年nian檢jian的de成cheng本ben。再zai次ci
，改gai變bian以yi往wang外wai商shang投tou資zi企qi業ye因yin經jing營ying期qi限xian滿man而er終zhong止zhi經jing營ying的de“一刀切”banfa，duiyuwaishangzaibenguotouzixiandaixianjinqiye


，caiyongleisiyuneiziqiyedezhongzhijingyingdebanfa，kexianyouqiyepinyongqingsuanjigouchujujuyoufalvxiaoyingdeqingsuanbaogao，zaibaoshenpijiguanshenhe，shixianneiwaiziqiyezaishenpishouxushangdengtongduidai。

　　disi，jianquanchanquanbaohuzhidu，jiangdiqiyeshengchanyujingyingzhongdebuquedingxing。weileyouxiaoyindaoguojixianjinchanyeyouxuxiangbenguozhuanyi

，womenjiyaojiadazhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxinlidu
，youyaonulitigaorenlizibenchanquandebaohushuiping。duiyuzhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxin，yifangmian，yingnuliwanshanzhishichanquanbaohufalv
，zhubufugaidangqianfalvtiaowensuobunenghangaidemangqu，bingyijuxingyehuoshengchanhuanjieduizhishichanquandeminganchengdubutong，shishidizhidingxiangguandezhishichanquanbaohufagui;另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)，應(ying)增(zeng)強(qiang)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)的(de)執(zhi)法(fa)力(li)度(du)，加(jia)大(da)對(dui)侵(qin)犯(fan)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)的(de)懲(cheng)罰(fa)力(li)度(du)，提(ti)高(gao)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)侵(qin)權(quan)的(de)成(cheng)本(ben)。對(dui)於(yu)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)保(bao)護(hu)
，首(shou)先(xian)應(ying)適(shi)時(shi)地(di)修(xiu)訂(ding)與(yu)完(wan)善(shan)《勞動法》、《合同法》、《公司法》、《勞動合同法》等相關法律，消除這些法律法規中相互衝突的規則，加強法律之間的相互銜接與協調；其qi次ci

，通tong過guo加jia大da相xiang關guan法fa律lv法fa規gui的de執zhi行xing力li度du和he拓tuo寬kuan覆fu蓋gai麵mian
，確que保bao人ren力li資zi本ben交jiao易yi雙shuang方fang在zai平ping等deng互hu利li的de前qian提ti下xia，完wan善shan人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan的de交jiao易yi程cheng序xu，減jian少shao人ren力li資zi本ben交jiao易yi的de不bu確que定ding性xing;再(zai)次(ci)
，大(da)力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)市(shi)場(chang)和(he)建(jian)立(li)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)市(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)製(zhi)度(du)
，擴(kuo)大(da)資(zi)本(ben)信(xin)息(xi)交(jiao)流(liu)渠(qu)道(dao)
，提(ti)高(gao)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)信(xin)息(xi)共(gong)享(xiang)水(shui)平(ping)

，降(jiang)低(di)企(qi)業(ye)獲(huo)取(qu)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)的(de)信(xin)息(xi)成(cheng)本(ben)，發(fa)揮(hui)反(fan)映(ying)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)價(jia)值(zhi)的(de)市(shi)場(chang)機(ji)製(zhi)，保(bao)障(zhang)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)，防(fang)止(zhi)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)交(jiao)易(yi)“事前”和“事後”的機會主義行為，提高人力資本的利用效率。（作者 林長華 楊晶晶 單位：北京大學
、湖南大學）