zaiguojijinrongweijimanyan，shijiejingjixingshifuzaduobiandehuanjingxia
，geguozhengzhiliyutongguotiaozhengchanyejiegou，yingduijinrongweijidetiaozhan，huifujingjizengchangdedongli。yucitongshi，zhongguoyezhengtongguojijidezhiduchuangxinyouhuachanyejiegouyubuju
，baituojinrongweijideshufu
，baochijingjichixu、健康和快速發展。2009nianzhongyangjingjigongzuohuiyitebiezhichuyaocongzhiduanpairushou，yinshilidaoyindaoguojichanyeyouxudixiangbenguozhuanyi，yishirangwomenchongfenliyongjinrongweijiyinzhidequanqiuchanyejiegoutiaozhengheguojifengongzhongzudelishiqiji
，xiyinkejihanlianghechanpinfujiazhigaodexiandaixianjinchanyehegaoduanshengchanhuanjiexiangbenguozhuanyi，tuidongwoguochanyejiegoudeyouhuayushengji。yindaoguojichanyezhuanyidelishijiyu

　　國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji的de爆bao發fa導dao致zhi了le全quan球qiu經jing濟ji的de衰shuai退tui，促cu使shi世shi界jie各ge國guo設she計ji有you效xiao的de製zhi度du安an排pai調tiao整zheng產chan業ye結jie構gou
，以yi作zuo為wei應ying對dui金jin融rong危wei機ji的de主zhu要yao手shou段duan，這zhe使shi得de金jin融rong危wei機ji有you可ke能neng為wei中zhong國guo引yin導dao和he承cheng接jie國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi創chuang造zao了le一yi次ci難nan得de的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu。

　　一方麵
，金融危機為中國引導國際產業轉移創造了客觀的曆史機遇。從全球維度來看，雖然隨著世界經濟一體化的深入發展，資本、jishuhelaodonglidengshengchanyaosuzaishichangjizhidezuoyongxiaquanqiuliudongyuzuhepeizhi，cuicuzheyiguohuodiquneibudechanyexiangjuyoubijiaoyoushidediquzhuanyi，danshi，youyufadaguojiabifazhanzhongguojiabiaoxianchujiaogaodejingjifazhanshuipinghejiaoqiangdekejililiang

，shidetamenzaishijiefengongtixiheliyifenpeigejuzhongzhanjuzhudaodiwei。tamenjiangziyuanxiaohaohehuanjingwuranshuipinggao、技(ji)術(shu)含(han)量(liang)和(he)產(chan)品(pin)附(fu)加(jia)值(zhi)低(di)的(de)產(chan)業(ye)向(xiang)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)和(he)不(bu)發(fa)達(da)國(guo)家(jia)轉(zhuan)移(yi)，以(yi)騰(teng)出(chu)地(di)域(yu)空(kong)間(jian)發(fa)展(zhan)科(ke)技(ji)含(han)量(liang)和(he)產(chan)品(pin)附(fu)加(jia)值(zhi)高(gao)的(de)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)和(he)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)，以(yi)維(wei)持(chi)自(zi)身(shen)在(zai)產(chan)業(ye)價(jia)值(zhi)鏈(lian)高(gao)端(duan)的(de)優(you)勢(shi)地(di)位(wei)。然(ran)而(er)，由(you)於(yu)處(chu)於(yu)產(chan)業(ye)價(jia)值(zhi)鏈(lian)高(gao)端(duan)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)和(he)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)多(duo)是(shi)資(zi)本(ben)與(yu)技(ji)術(shu)密(mi)集(ji)型(xing)的(de)非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)，國(guo)際(ji)金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)的(de)爆(bao)發(fa)使(shi)得(de)金(jin)融(rong)資(zi)本(ben)斷(duan)裂(lie)，導(dao)致(zhi)非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)缺(que)乏(fa)金(jin)融(rong)資(zi)本(ben)的(de)支(zhi)撐(cheng)，因(yin)而(er)
，金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)強(qiang)烈(lie)地(di)衝(chong)擊(ji)了(le)發(fa)達(da)國(guo)家(jia)內(nei)部(bu)不(bu)合(he)理(li)的(de)剛(gang)性(xing)產(chan)業(ye)結(jie)構(gou)，必(bi)然(ran)促(cu)使(shi)它(ta)們(men)重(zhong)新(xin)協(xie)調(tiao)非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)與(yu)實(shi)物(wu)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)相(xiang)對(dui)比(bi)重(zhong)，將(jiang)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)處(chu)於(yu)產(chan)業(ye)價(jia)值(zhi)鏈(lian)高(gao)端(duan)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)和(he)資(zi)本(ben)與(yu)技(ji)術(shu)密(mi)集(ji)型(xing)的(de)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)向(xiang)海(hai)外(wai)轉(zhuan)移(yi)，由(you)此(ci)可(ke)能(neng)形(xing)成(cheng)國(guo)際(ji)產(chan)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移(yi)的(de)新(xin)浪(lang)潮(chao)。

　　另ling一yi方fang麵mian，金jin融rong危wei機ji為wei中zhong國guo引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi創chuang造zao了le主zhu觀guan的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu。改gai革ge開kai放fang三san十shi多duo年nian的de曆li史shi經jing驗yan表biao明ming
，中zhong國guo成cheng功gong的de製zhi度du轉zhuan型xing有you效xiao地di促cu進jin了le經jing濟ji結jie構gou的de優you化hua和he經jing濟ji增zeng長chang方fang式shi的de轉zhuan變bian
，產chan生sheng了le“經濟增長奇跡”，jidadisuoxiaoleyufadaguojiadejingjifazhanchaju。jishiguojijinrongweijixijuanquanqiu
，zhishishijiegeguojingjixiahua，zhongguosuiranyewuyiliwaidibunengxingmian，raner，zhengdangshijiegeguozhiliyuxunzhaojinrongweijideyingduizhiceshi

，zhongguopingjieduiwaikaifangsanshiduoniansuojileidewuzhijichuhejishiyouxiaodezhiduanpai，lvxianzouchulejinrongweijideyinmai，shidefadaguojiadekuaguogongsizaimianlinbentushengchanyujingyinghuanjingehuashi
，zhongxinshenshizhongguodeshengchanchengbenhejiaoyichengbenyoushisuodailaideshengchanhejingyinghuanjingdegaishan。cishi
，zhongguoyoukenengyikaozhiduzhuanxingsuoleijidejingyan，jinyibutiaozhengzhengcehechuangxinzhidu，chuangzaochanyeshengjidexinhuanjing，zhudongyindaohechengjieguojixianjinchanyezhuanyi，bingzaibenguopeiyuwanzhengdechanyejiazhilian，youhuachanyedekongjianbuju，tuidongchanyejiegoushengji。yindaoguojichanyezhuanyidezhiduchuangxin

　　中zhong國guo作zuo為wei正zheng處chu於yu工gong業ye化hua進jin程cheng中zhong的de世shi界jie上shang最zui大da的de發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia，要yao巧qiao借jie金jin融rong危wei機ji的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu，加jia快kuai現xian代dai工gong業ye化hua進jin程cheng
，實shi現xian大da國guo的de經jing濟ji趕gan超chao，必bi然ran需xu要yao通tong過guo製zhi度du創chuang新xin引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi來lai實shi現xian。為wei此ci
，我wo們men有you針zhen對dui性xing地di提ti出chu引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie轉zhuan移yi的de政zheng策ce調tiao整zheng和he製zhi度du創chuang新xin：

　　第di一yi

，提ti高gao投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de差cha異yi化hua程cheng度du，破po除chu無wu形xing的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce壁bi壘lei。為wei了le承cheng接jie國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie轉zhuan移yi，對dui不bu同tong地di區qu承cheng接jie不bu同tong產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce應ying盡jin可ke能neng差cha別bie對dui待dai
，並bing增zeng強qiang投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de透tou明ming度du


，消xiao除chu政zheng策ce性xing歧qi視shi。一yi方fang麵mian，由you於yu中zhong國guo各ge地di區qu資zi源yuan稟bing賦fu
、jishushuipinghejingjifazhanshuipingcunzaichayi，guojiazaizhidingtouzizhengceshi

，yingkaolvgeiyugediquyidingdezizhuxing，caiquguojiazhidingtouzizhengcezhidaoyuanze，gediquyijuciyuanzejiehezishendejingjifazhanshuiping
，chayihuadizhidingguli、限xian製zhi和he禁jin止zhi外wai商shang投tou資zi產chan業ye的de政zheng策ce。另ling一yi方fang麵mian
，地di方fang政zheng府fu主zhu管guan部bu門men應ying加jia快kuai清qing理li與yu降jiang低di投tou資zi壁bi壘lei和he投tou資zi政zheng策ce透tou明ming度du原yuan則ze不bu相xiang適shi應ying的de政zheng策ce規gui章zhang，並bing逐zhu步bu廢fei除chu一yi些xie與yu促cu進jin投tou資zi自zi由you化hua的de國guo際ji規gui則ze相xiang衝chong突tu的de法fa律lv法fa規gui，且qie進jin一yi步bu完wan善shan促cu進jin不bu同tong地di區qu各ge類lei產chan業ye投tou資zi相xiang適shi應ying的de自zi由you化hua規gui則ze，同tong時shi，還hai應ying加jia強qiang投tou資zi自zi由you化hua政zheng策ce的de對dui外wai宣xuan傳chuan
，及ji時shi對dui外wai公gong布bu鼓gu勵li、限製和禁止外商投資產業信息，並確保這些信息的國際傳播。

　　第di二er，調tiao整zheng稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi，增zeng強qiang稅shui收shou政zheng策ce的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。稅shui收shou政zheng策ce反fan映ying了le政zheng府fu對dui企qi業ye與yu個ge人ren收shou益yi的de征zheng稅shui水shui平ping，因yin此ci，稅shui收shou政zheng策ce一yi直zhi是shi作zuo為wei世shi界jie各ge國guo引yin導dao產chan業ye資zi本ben流liu向xiang的de重zhong要yao手shou段duan。為wei了le提ti高gao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie的de轉zhuan移yi效xiao率lv，應ying依yi據ju地di區qu特te征zheng和he產chan業ye的de特te性xing，采cai取qu多duo樣yang化hua的de稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi。一yi方fang麵mian
，應ying適shi時shi地di依yi據ju地di區qu和he產chan業ye政zheng策ce的de需xu要yao
，協xie調tiao采cai用yong各ge種zhong稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi。由you於yu間jian接jie稅shui收shou優you惠hui方fang式shi能neng對dui投tou資zi周zhou期qi長chang、風險高的資本與技術密集型產業帶來更為實際的政策優惠，因此，應逐步采取以加速折舊、kuisunmibudengjianjieshuishouyouhuifangshiweizhu，cujinzibenhejishumijixingchanyetouzi。lingyifangmian
，zhengfuyingyijudiyutezhenghechanyetexingzhidingxihuadeshuishouyouhuizhengce
，bingzaidiquzhijian、xingyezhijianheshengchanhuanjiezhijiantixianshuishouzhengceyouhuidexiangduiyouxiaoxing。duiyujishumijixingdexianjinchanyehuoshengchanhuanjie，kefuyuxiangduiyuqitachanyehuoshengchanhuanjiegengweiyouhoudeshuishouyouhui，tongshi
，weileguliluohoudiquxiyinchanyezhuanyi，keshidanghuodexiangduiyujingjifadadiqueryangengweiyouhoudeshuishouzhengce
，yitigaoshuishouyouhuizhengcezaijingjiluohoudiqudexiangduiyouxiaoxing。

　　第三，創新商業交易製度，減少企業與政府之間的交往成本。為了更好地承接國際先進產業的轉移，中國應簡化對現代先進企業的創立、變bian更geng與yu退tui出chu生sheng產chan與yu經jing營ying活huo動dong的de授shou權quan與yu彙hui報bao程cheng序xu。首shou先xian
，可ke以yi嚐chang試shi由you中zhong央yang部bu委wei出chu台tai各ge地di區qu審shen批pi外wai資zi企qi業ye的de原yuan則ze，並bing在zai各ge個ge級ji別bie的de行xing政zheng區qu劃hua單dan位wei設she立li審shen批pi機ji關guan且qie給gei予yu他ta們men與yu地di區qu經jing濟ji發fa展zhan規gui模mo相xiang應ying的de審shen批pi權quan限xian

，且qie以yi法fa律lv形xing式shi加jia以yi固gu定ding。在zai國guo家jia對dui外wai商shang設she立li企qi業ye規gui定ding審shen批pi原yuan則ze的de條tiao件jian下xia，為wei了le鼓gu勵li直zhi轄xia市shi和he經jing濟ji發fa達da地di區qu承cheng接jie國guo外wai先xian進jin產chan業ye的de轉zhuan移yi，中zhong央yang可ke適shi當dang給gei予yu地di區qu政zheng府fu對dui於yu現xian代dai先xian進jin產chan業ye較jiao高gao的de審shen批pi權quan限xian。其qi次ci，盡jin可ke能neng簡jian化hua外wai商shang投tou資zi申shen請qing設she立li現xian代dai先xian進jin企qi業ye的de審shen批pi手shou續xu
，增zeng強qiang審shen批pi的de透tou明ming度du和he提ti高gao審shen批pi效xiao率lv。審shen批pi機ji關guan可ke適shi當dang簡jian化hua外wai資zi的de審shen批pi和he聯lian合he年nian檢jian手shou續xu，實shi行xing“一站式”服務
，且在經營期內，企業因投資總額和生產經營規模等發生變化而需減少
、增加或轉讓注冊資本，或是將其

　　財產權益對外抵押、轉讓，以及政府商務
、財政

、工商行政管理、稅(shui)務(wu)等(deng)各(ge)部(bu)門(men)對(dui)外(wai)資(zi)企(qi)業(ye)實(shi)行(xing)聯(lian)合(he)年(nian)檢(jian)時(shi)，應(ying)提(ti)高(gao)行(xing)政(zheng)機(ji)關(guan)審(shen)批(pi)和(he)辦(ban)理(li)的(de)效(xiao)率(lv)和(he)透(tou)明(ming)度(du)，盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)地(di)簡(jian)化(hua)辦(ban)理(li)手(shou)續(xu)，減(jian)少(shao)企(qi)業(ye)支(zhi)付(fu)行(xing)政(zheng)審(shen)批(pi)和(he)年(nian)檢(jian)的(de)成(cheng)本(ben)。再(zai)次(ci)，改(gai)變(bian)以(yi)往(wang)外(wai)商(shang)投(tou)資(zi)企(qi)業(ye)因(yin)經(jing)營(ying)期(qi)限(xian)滿(man)而(er)終(zhong)止(zhi)經(jing)營(ying)的(de)“一刀切”辦ban法fa，對dui於yu外wai商shang在zai本ben國guo投tou資zi現xian代dai先xian進jin企qi業ye

，采cai用yong類lei似si於yu內nei資zi企qi業ye的de終zhong止zhi經jing營ying的de辦ban法fa
，可ke先xian由you企qi業ye聘pin用yong清qing算suan機ji構gou出chu具ju具ju有you法fa律lv效xiao應ying的de清qing算suan報bao告gao，再zai報bao審shen批pi機ji關guan審shen核he，實shi現xian內nei外wai資zi企qi業ye在zai審shen批pi手shou續xu上shang等deng同tong對dui待dai。

　　disi

，jianquanchanquanbaohuzhidu，jiangdiqiyeshengchanyujingyingzhongdebuquedingxing。weileyouxiaoyindaoguojixianjinchanyeyouxuxiangbenguozhuanyi

，womenjiyaojiadazhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxinlidu
，youyaonulitigaorenlizibenchanquandebaohushuiping。duiyuzhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxin，yifangmian

，yingnuliwanshanzhishichanquanbaohufalv，zhubufugaidangqianfalvtiaowensuobunenghangaidemangqu
，bingyijuxingyehuoshengchanhuanjieduizhishichanquandeminganchengdubutong
，shishidizhidingxiangguandezhishichanquanbaohufagui;lingyifangmian
，yingzengqiangzhishichanquandezhifalidu，jiadaduiqinfanzhishichanquandechengfalidu，tigaozhishichanquanqinquandechengben。duiyurenlizibenchanquanbaohu，shouxianyingshishidixiudingyuwanshan《勞動法》、《合同法》、《公司法》、《勞動合同法》等相關法律，消除這些法律法規中相互衝突的規則，加強法律之間的相互銜接與協調
；其qi次ci，通tong過guo加jia大da相xiang關guan法fa律lv法fa規gui的de執zhi行xing力li度du和he拓tuo寬kuan覆fu蓋gai麵mian，確que保bao人ren力li資zi本ben交jiao易yi雙shuang方fang在zai平ping等deng互hu利li的de前qian提ti下xia，完wan善shan人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan的de交jiao易yi程cheng序xu，減jian少shao人ren力li資zi本ben交jiao易yi的de不bu確que定ding性xing;再zai次ci，大da力li發fa展zhan人ren力li資zi本ben市shi場chang和he建jian立li人ren力li資zi本ben市shi場chang交jiao易yi製zhi度du，擴kuo大da資zi本ben信xin息xi交jiao流liu渠qu道dao，提ti高gao人ren力li資zi本ben信xin息xi共gong享xiang水shui平ping，降jiang低di企qi業ye獲huo取qu人ren力li資zi本ben的de信xin息xi成cheng本ben，發fa揮hui反fan映ying人ren力li資zi本ben價jia值zhi的de市shi場chang機ji製zhi，保bao障zhang人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan
，防fang止zhi人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan交jiao易yi“事前”和“事後”的機會主義行為，提高人力資本的利用效率。（作者 林長華 楊晶晶 單位：北京大學、湖南大學）