在zai國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji蔓man延yan
，世shi界jie經jing濟ji形xing勢shi複fu雜za多duo變bian的de環huan境jing下xia，各ge國guo正zheng致zhi力li於yu通tong過guo調tiao整zheng產chan業ye結jie構gou，應ying對dui金jin融rong危wei機ji的de挑tiao戰zhan，恢hui複fu經jing濟ji增zeng長chang的de動dong力li。與yu此ci同tong時shi，中zhong國guo也ye正zheng通tong過guo積ji極ji的de製zhi度du創chuang新xin優you化hua產chan業ye結jie構gou與yu布bu局ju
，擺bai脫tuo金jin融rong危wei機ji的de束shu縛fu，保bao持chi經jing濟ji持chi續xu
、健康和快速發展。2009年nian中zhong央yang經jing濟ji工gong作zuo會hui議yi特te別bie指zhi出chu要yao從cong製zhi度du安an排pai入ru手shou，因yin勢shi利li導dao引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye有you序xu地di向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi，亦yi是shi讓rang我wo們men充chong分fen利li用yong金jin融rong危wei機ji引yin致zhi的de全quan球qiu產chan業ye結jie構gou調tiao整zheng和he國guo際ji分fen工gong重zhong組zu的de曆li史shi契qi機ji，吸xi引yin科ke技ji含han量liang和he產chan品pin附fu加jia值zhi高gao的de現xian代dai先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi，推tui動dong我wo國guo產chan業ye結jie構gou的de優you化hua與yu升sheng級ji。引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu

　　國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji的de爆bao發fa導dao致zhi了le全quan球qiu經jing濟ji的de衰shuai退tui
，促cu使shi世shi界jie各ge國guo設she計ji有you效xiao的de製zhi度du安an排pai調tiao整zheng產chan業ye結jie構gou，以yi作zuo為wei應ying對dui金jin融rong危wei機ji的de主zhu要yao手shou段duan，這zhe使shi得de金jin融rong危wei機ji有you可ke能neng為wei中zhong國guo引yin導dao和he承cheng接jie國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi創chuang造zao了le一yi次ci難nan得de的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu。

　　一方麵
，金融危機為中國引導國際產業轉移創造了客觀的曆史機遇。從全球維度來看

，雖然隨著世界經濟一體化的深入發展，資本、技(ji)術(shu)和(he)勞(lao)動(dong)力(li)等(deng)生(sheng)產(chan)要(yao)素(su)在(zai)市(shi)場(chang)機(ji)製(zhi)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)全(quan)球(qiu)流(liu)動(dong)與(yu)組(zu)合(he)配(pei)置(zhi)，催(cui)促(cu)著(zhe)一(yi)國(guo)或(huo)地(di)區(qu)內(nei)部(bu)的(de)產(chan)業(ye)向(xiang)具(ju)有(you)比(bi)較(jiao)優(you)勢(shi)的(de)地(di)區(qu)轉(zhuan)移(yi)，但(dan)是(shi)，由(you)於(yu)發(fa)達(da)國(guo)家(jia)比(bi)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)表(biao)現(xian)出(chu)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)水(shui)平(ping)和(he)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)科(ke)技(ji)力(li)量(liang)，使(shi)得(de)它(ta)們(men)在(zai)世(shi)界(jie)分(fen)工(gong)體(ti)係(xi)和(he)利(li)益(yi)分(fen)配(pei)格(ge)局(ju)中(zhong)占(zhan)據(ju)主(zhu)導(dao)地(di)位(wei)。他(ta)們(men)將(jiang)資(zi)源(yuan)消(xiao)耗(hao)和(he)環(huan)境(jing)汙(wu)染(ran)水(shui)平(ping)高(gao)、技ji術shu含han量liang和he產chan品pin附fu加jia值zhi低di的de產chan業ye向xiang發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia和he不bu發fa達da國guo家jia轉zhuan移yi，以yi騰teng出chu地di域yu空kong間jian發fa展zhan科ke技ji含han量liang和he產chan品pin附fu加jia值zhi高gao的de先xian進jin產chan業ye和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie
，以yi維wei持chi自zi身shen在zai產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de優you勢shi地di位wei。然ran而er，由you於yu處chu於yu產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he先xian進jin產chan業ye多duo是shi資zi本ben與yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye
，國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji的de爆bao發fa使shi得de金jin融rong資zi本ben斷duan裂lie
，導dao致zhi非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye缺que乏fa金jin融rong資zi本ben的de支zhi撐cheng
，因yin而er，金jin融rong危wei機ji強qiang烈lie地di衝chong擊ji了le發fa達da國guo家jia內nei部bu不bu合he理li的de剛gang性xing產chan業ye結jie構gou
，必bi然ran促cu使shi它ta們men重zhong新xin協xie調tiao非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye與yu實shi物wu生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye的de相xiang對dui比bi重zhong，將jiang一yi部bu分fen處chu於yu產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he資zi本ben與yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de先xian進jin產chan業ye向xiang海hai外wai轉zhuan移yi，由you此ci可ke能neng形xing成cheng國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi的de新xin浪lang潮chao。

　　另ling一yi方fang麵mian，金jin融rong危wei機ji為wei中zhong國guo引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi創chuang造zao了le主zhu觀guan的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu。改gai革ge開kai放fang三san十shi多duo年nian的de曆li史shi經jing驗yan表biao明ming，中zhong國guo成cheng功gong的de製zhi度du轉zhuan型xing有you效xiao地di促cu進jin了le經jing濟ji結jie構gou的de優you化hua和he經jing濟ji增zeng長chang方fang式shi的de轉zhuan變bian，產chan生sheng了le“經濟增長奇跡”，jidadisuoxiaoleyufadaguojiadejingjifazhanchaju。jishiguojijinrongweijixijuanquanqiu
，zhishishijiegeguojingjixiahua，zhongguosuiranyewuyiliwaidibunengxingmian，raner，zhengdangshijiegeguozhiliyuxunzhaojinrongweijideyingduizhiceshi，zhongguopingjieduiwaikaifangsanshiduoniansuojileidewuzhijichuhejishiyouxiaodezhiduanpai，lvxianzouchulejinrongweijideyinmai，shidefadaguojiadekuaguogongsizaimianlinbentushengchanyujingyinghuanjingehuashi
，zhongxinshenshizhongguodeshengchanchengbenhejiaoyichengbenyoushisuodailaideshengchanhejingyinghuanjingdegaishan。cishi，zhongguoyoukenengyikaozhiduzhuanxingsuoleijidejingyan
，jinyibutiaozhengzhengcehechuangxinzhidu，chuangzaochanyeshengjidexinhuanjing，zhudongyindaohechengjieguojixianjinchanyezhuanyi，bingzaibenguopeiyuwanzhengdechanyejiazhilian，youhuachanyedekongjianbuju，tuidongchanyejiegoushengji。yindaoguojichanyezhuanyidezhiduchuangxin

　　中zhong國guo作zuo為wei正zheng處chu於yu工gong業ye化hua進jin程cheng中zhong的de世shi界jie上shang最zui大da的de發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia，要yao巧qiao借jie金jin融rong危wei機ji的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu


，加jia快kuai現xian代dai工gong業ye化hua進jin程cheng，實shi現xian大da國guo的de經jing濟ji趕gan超chao，必bi然ran需xu要yao通tong過guo製zhi度du創chuang新xin引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi來lai實shi現xian。為wei此ci
，我wo們men有you針zhen對dui性xing地di提ti出chu引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie轉zhuan移yi的de政zheng策ce調tiao整zheng和he製zhi度du創chuang新xin：

　　diyi
，tigaotouzizhengcedechayihuachengdu，pochuwuxingdetouzizhengcebilei。weilechengjieguojixianjinchanyehegaoduanshengchanhuanjiezhuanyi，duibutongdiquchengjiebutongchanyehuoshengchanhuanjiedetouzizhengceyingjinkenengchabieduidai
，bingzengqiangtouzizhengcedetoumingdu，xiaochuzhengcexingqishi。yifangmian，youyuzhongguogediquziyuanbingfu、技ji術shu水shui平ping和he經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping存cun在zai差cha異yi
，國guo家jia在zai製zhi定ding投tou資zi政zheng策ce時shi，應ying考kao慮lv給gei予yu各ge地di區qu一yi定ding的de自zi主zhu性xing，采cai取qu國guo家jia製zhi定ding投tou資zi政zheng策ce指zhi導dao原yuan則ze，各ge地di區qu依yi據ju此ci原yuan則ze結jie合he自zi身shen的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping，差cha異yi化hua地di製zhi定ding鼓gu勵li、xianzhihejinzhiwaishangtouzichanyedezhengce。lingyifangmian，difangzhengfuzhuguanbumenyingjiakuaiqingliyujiangditouzibileihetouzizhengcetoumingduyuanzebuxiangshiyingdezhengceguizhang，bingzhubufeichuyixieyucujintouziziyouhuadeguojiguizexiangchongtudefalvfagui，qiejinyibuwanshancujinbutongdiqugeleichanyetouzixiangshiyingdeziyouhuaguize，tongshi
，haiyingjiaqiangtouziziyouhuazhengcededuiwaixuanchuan

，jishiduiwaigongbuguli、限製和禁止外商投資產業信息，並確保這些信息的國際傳播。

　　dier，tiaozhengshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi
，zengqiangshuishouzhengcedexiangduiyouxiaoxing。shuishouzhengcefanyinglezhengfuduiqiyeyugerenshouyidezhengshuishuiping，yinci

，shuishouzhengceyizhishizuoweishijiegeguoyindaochanyezibenliuxiangdezhongyaoshouduan。weiletigaoguojixianjinchanyeheshengchanhuanjiedezhuanyixiaolv
，yingyijudiqutezhenghechanyedetexing
，caiquduoyanghuadeshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi。yifangmian，yingshishidiyijudiquhechanyezhengcedexuyao，xietiaocaiyonggezhongshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi。youyujianjieshuishouyouhuifangshinengduitouzizhouqichang、風險高的資本與技術密集型產業帶來更為實際的政策優惠

，因此
，應逐步采取以加速折舊、虧(kui)損(sun)彌(mi)補(bu)等(deng)間(jian)接(jie)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)方(fang)式(shi)為(wei)主(zhu)
，促(cu)進(jin)資(zi)本(ben)和(he)技(ji)術(shu)密(mi)集(ji)型(xing)產(chan)業(ye)投(tou)資(zi)。另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)
，政(zheng)府(fu)應(ying)依(yi)據(ju)地(di)域(yu)特(te)征(zheng)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)特(te)性(xing)製(zhi)定(ding)細(xi)化(hua)的(de)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)
，並(bing)在(zai)地(di)區(qu)之(zhi)間(jian)、行xing業ye之zhi間jian和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie之zhi間jian體ti現xian稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。對dui於yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de先xian進jin產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie
，可ke賦fu予yu相xiang對dui於yu其qi他ta產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie更geng為wei優you厚hou的de稅shui收shou優you惠hui，同tong時shi，為wei了le鼓gu勵li落luo後hou地di區qu吸xi引yin產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi，可ke適shi當dang獲huo得de相xiang對dui於yu經jing濟ji發fa達da地di區qu而er言yan更geng為wei優you厚hou的de稅shui收shou政zheng策ce，以yi提ti高gao稅shui收shou優you惠hui政zheng策ce在zai經jing濟ji落luo後hou地di區qu的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。

　　第三，創新商業交易製度，減少企業與政府之間的交往成本。為了更好地承接國際先進產業的轉移，中國應簡化對現代先進企業的創立、變(bian)更(geng)與(yu)退(tui)出(chu)生(sheng)產(chan)與(yu)經(jing)營(ying)活(huo)動(dong)的(de)授(shou)權(quan)與(yu)彙(hui)報(bao)程(cheng)序(xu)。首(shou)先(xian)，可(ke)以(yi)嚐(chang)試(shi)由(you)中(zhong)央(yang)部(bu)委(wei)出(chu)台(tai)各(ge)地(di)區(qu)審(shen)批(pi)外(wai)資(zi)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)原(yuan)則(ze)
，並(bing)在(zai)各(ge)個(ge)級(ji)別(bie)的(de)行(xing)政(zheng)區(qu)劃(hua)單(dan)位(wei)設(she)立(li)審(shen)批(pi)機(ji)關(guan)且(qie)給(gei)予(yu)他(ta)們(men)與(yu)地(di)區(qu)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)模(mo)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)權(quan)限(xian)
，且(qie)以(yi)法(fa)律(lv)形(xing)式(shi)加(jia)以(yi)固(gu)定(ding)。在(zai)國(guo)家(jia)對(dui)外(wai)商(shang)設(she)立(li)企(qi)業(ye)規(gui)定(ding)審(shen)批(pi)原(yuan)則(ze)的(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)，為(wei)了(le)鼓(gu)勵(li)直(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi)和(he)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)達(da)地(di)區(qu)承(cheng)接(jie)國(guo)外(wai)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)轉(zhuan)移(yi)，中(zhong)央(yang)可(ke)適(shi)當(dang)給(gei)予(yu)地(di)區(qu)政(zheng)府(fu)對(dui)於(yu)現(xian)代(dai)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)權(quan)限(xian)。其(qi)次(ci)，盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)簡(jian)化(hua)外(wai)商(shang)投(tou)資(zi)申(shen)請(qing)設(she)立(li)現(xian)代(dai)先(xian)進(jin)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)手(shou)續(xu)
，增(zeng)強(qiang)審(shen)批(pi)的(de)透(tou)明(ming)度(du)和(he)提(ti)高(gao)審(shen)批(pi)效(xiao)率(lv)。審(shen)批(pi)機(ji)關(guan)可(ke)適(shi)當(dang)簡(jian)化(hua)外(wai)資(zi)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)和(he)聯(lian)合(he)年(nian)檢(jian)手(shou)續(xu)，實(shi)行(xing)“一站式”服務

，且在經營期內，企業因投資總額和生產經營規模等發生變化而需減少
、增加或轉讓注冊資本
，或是將其

　　財產權益對外抵押、轉讓
，以及政府商務、財政、工商行政管理
、稅shui務wu等deng各ge部bu門men對dui外wai資zi企qi業ye實shi行xing聯lian合he年nian檢jian時shi，應ying提ti高gao行xing政zheng機ji關guan審shen批pi和he辦ban理li的de效xiao率lv和he透tou明ming度du，盡jin可ke能neng地di簡jian化hua辦ban理li手shou續xu
，減jian少shao企qi業ye支zhi付fu行xing政zheng審shen批pi和he年nian檢jian的de成cheng本ben。再zai次ci，改gai變bian以yi往wang外wai商shang投tou資zi企qi業ye因yin經jing營ying期qi限xian滿man而er終zhong止zhi經jing營ying的de“一刀切”辦ban法fa，對dui於yu外wai商shang在zai本ben國guo投tou資zi現xian代dai先xian進jin企qi業ye
，采cai用yong類lei似si於yu內nei資zi企qi業ye的de終zhong止zhi經jing營ying的de辦ban法fa，可ke先xian由you企qi業ye聘pin用yong清qing算suan機ji構gou出chu具ju具ju有you法fa律lv效xiao應ying的de清qing算suan報bao告gao，再zai報bao審shen批pi機ji關guan審shen核he，實shi現xian內nei外wai資zi企qi業ye在zai審shen批pi手shou續xu上shang等deng同tong對dui待dai。

　　disi，jianquanchanquanbaohuzhidu，jiangdiqiyeshengchanyujingyingzhongdebuquedingxing。weileyouxiaoyindaoguojixianjinchanyeyouxuxiangbenguozhuanyi
，womenjiyaojiadazhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxinlidu，youyaonulitigaorenlizibenchanquandebaohushuiping。duiyuzhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxin，yifangmian
，yingnuliwanshanzhishichanquanbaohufalv，zhubufugaidangqianfalvtiaowensuobunenghangaidemangqu，bingyijuxingyehuoshengchanhuanjieduizhishichanquandeminganchengdubutong，shishidizhidingxiangguandezhishichanquanbaohufagui;lingyifangmian，yingzengqiangzhishichanquandezhifalidu
，jiadaduiqinfanzhishichanquandechengfalidu，tigaozhishichanquanqinquandechengben。duiyurenlizibenchanquanbaohu
，shouxianyingshishidixiudingyuwanshan《勞動法》、《合同法》、《公司法》
、《勞動合同法》等相關法律，消除這些法律法規中相互衝突的規則，加強法律之間的相互銜接與協調；其(qi)次(ci)，通(tong)過(guo)加(jia)大(da)相(xiang)關(guan)法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規(gui)的(de)執(zhi)行(xing)力(li)度(du)和(he)拓(tuo)寬(kuan)覆(fu)蓋(gai)麵(mian)，確(que)保(bao)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)交(jiao)易(yi)雙(shuang)方(fang)在(zai)平(ping)等(deng)互(hu)利(li)的(de)前(qian)提(ti)下(xia)，完(wan)善(shan)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)的(de)交(jiao)易(yi)程(cheng)序(xu)
，減(jian)少(shao)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)交(jiao)易(yi)的(de)不(bu)確(que)定(ding)性(xing);再(zai)次(ci)，大(da)力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)市(shi)場(chang)和(he)建(jian)立(li)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)市(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)製(zhi)度(du)，擴(kuo)大(da)資(zi)本(ben)信(xin)息(xi)交(jiao)流(liu)渠(qu)道(dao)，提(ti)高(gao)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)信(xin)息(xi)共(gong)享(xiang)水(shui)平(ping)，降(jiang)低(di)企(qi)業(ye)獲(huo)取(qu)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)的(de)信(xin)息(xi)成(cheng)本(ben)，發(fa)揮(hui)反(fan)映(ying)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)價(jia)值(zhi)的(de)市(shi)場(chang)機(ji)製(zhi)
，保(bao)障(zhang)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)，防(fang)止(zhi)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)交(jiao)易(yi)“事前”和“事後”的機會主義行為
，提高人力資本的利用效率。（作者 林長華 楊晶晶 單位：北京大學、湖南大學）